BJU cultural geography chapter 12 Eastern Europe

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why do certain countries lack economic development

1. because of constant fighting, they don't have time to grow or thrive 2. once communism left, the economy was in shambles beyond repair 3. a lot of countries don't even know what it means to be independent, so they have no idea where to even start

Dayton Peace Accords

1995 peace agreement ending the war over the former Yugoslavia, b/t Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Serbia by Bill Clinton in 1995

What is a shatter belt?

A shatter belt is a region under continuous stress due to aggressive political or cultural rivalries. leading to borders constantly changing.

What is the Velvet Divorce?

A smooth split between Czech republic and Slovakia, formerly Czechoslovakia

which country has the nickname white Russia

Belarus

what does Montenegro mean?

Black Mountain

two countries with Muslim majority

Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Albania

Capital of Hungary

Budapest

Commonwealth of Independent States

Confederacy of independent states of the former Soviet Union that have united because of their common economic and administrative needs.

what is the Longest river in Europe

Danube river

What are the Baltic States?

Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania

smallest Eastern European country

Kosovo

Highest peak in the Balkans

Mount Musala (9,594 ft.)

what countries make up the Baltic region?

Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia

What is Balkanization?

Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities. Usually hostile towards eachother

what is the Northern European Plain?

Region of Europe with the most fertile farmland.

what is the more appropriate term for gypsies? Who are they?

Roma/Romani a minority group who was targeted by Hitler along with the Jews

what two countries does the Danube river form the border between?

Romania and Bulgaria

What is the Balkan Peninsula?

Southward of the Mediterranean Sea; triangular arm or land that juts from southeastern Europe; border Black Sea

What is mass privatization?

To get property back into the hands of the people, leaders handed out vouchers to private citizens in an experiment

biggest Eastern European country

Ukraine

what is the capital of Poland?

Warsaw

what is Yalta?

a Soviet resort on the Black Sea

Where is the Crimean Peninsula? why is it significant

a Ukrainian peninsula that extends into the Black Sea, Russia wants it because of its naval base. Ukraine isn't pleased that Russia annexed it in 2014. includes Yalta

What is Auschwitz and where is it located?

a famous Nazi concentration camp in Poland

what is a puppet leader

a leader who isn't actually in charge, but a bigger authority is pulling the strings in the background

where is the hill of crosses and what is it?

a place in Lithuania where residents showed their patriotism by constantly putting up crosses no matter how many times they got taken down

What is the Velvet Revolution?

a swift and peaceful revolution, overthrew communism in 1989. in Czech republic and Slovakia (formerly Czechoslovakia)

what is the Great Hungarian Plain?

fertile plains that extends from Hungary to Croatia, Serbia, and Romania. good farmland

What is the Soviet Bloc?

group of countries surrounding the Soviet Union that the Soviets took over after World War II. not actually part of the soviet Union, but under its control. usually led by puppet leaders

Who is Lech Walesa?

he was in Poland, and helped for, the solidarity- a labor union. He demanded changes that helped to bring about the end of communism in eastern europe

What is karst topography?

terrain dominated by limestone bedrock and characterized by rocky ground, caves, sinkholes, underground rivers, and the absence of surface streams and lakes

what groups were targeted in the holocaust?

the Jews and Roma

where was the orange revolution? what was it?

there was a rigged election in Ukraine, and due to the persistence of the people, they held a second non-rigged one. Yushchenko's supporters ( the candidate people wanted to win) wore orange, which is how the revolution attained its name


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