Block 3 All Quizzes
Identify a true statement about injecting and freebasing cocaine.
Injecting and freebasing cocaine are not only dangerous in themselves but are also more likely to generate frequent, heavy, chronic use.
Street names such as "speed," "crank," "meth," and "crystal" are used commonly to refer to _____.
amphetamines
Identify the true statements about Adderall, an amphetamine derivative. (Check all that apply.)
Its generic, amphetamine salts, appeared at number 143 in the top 200 prescription drugs in the United States in 2011. Its manufacturers claim that it produces smoother, more gradual, and less abrupt effects than do other amphetamine derivatives
Match the years (in the right column) in which the following drugs (in the left column) burst onto the national scene.
Marijuana matches 1930s LSD matches 1960s PCP matches 1970s Methamphetamine matches 1980s
Identify a true statement about methamphetamine.
Methamphetamine, in powder form, is injected, snorted, or smoked.
Traffickers bring cocaine into the United States most often through _____.
Mexico
Which of the following is a true statement about methamphetamine use in the United States based on systematic evidence?
Most social categories have little or no experience with the drug.
Match the period in time (in the left column) with the drug (in the right column) that surfaced during that time.
1930s matches Marijuana 1960s matches LSD 1970s matches PCP 1990s matches Crack cocaine
In which year did the widespread use of crack emerge in the United States?
1985
Amphetamines are used therapeutically in tablet or capsule form; _____ milligrams constitutes a typical dose.
2.5 to 10
In the context of drug dependence, identify a viewpoint of David Smith, a physician and founder of the Haight-Ashbury Free Medical Clinic, on cocaine use.
A person who is addicted to cocaine responds differently the very first time he or she uses it.
Identify the drug that produces the most powerful psychological dependence.
Amphetamine
Which of the following drugs was first synthesized in a laboratory in 1887 and marketed over the counter in the United States in 1932 as an inhalant for nasal congestion?
Amphetamine
Identify the conditions for which amphetamines have medical and psychiatric utility according to reference guides such as the Physician's Desk Reference (PDR). (Check all that apply.)
Attention deficit and hyperactive disorder (ADHD) Narcolepsy Short-term weight loss for obese patients
During World War II, substantial numbers of American, Japanese, and German soldiers were issued _____ to make them more effective and alert fighting machines.
Benzedrine
Which of the following statements is true about cocaine?
Both users and researchers assert that cocaine's appeal is greater than that of any other drug, licit or illicit.
Which of the following drugs, according to Grinspoon and Bakalar, has the greatest immediate sensual appeal?
Cocaine
_____ is one of the factors that contributed to decreased amounts of cocaine being transported to the United States.
Cocaine flow to non-U.S. markets
Identify an accurate statement about the effects of cocaine.
Cocaine users often experience increased energy and suppression of fatigue.
Identify an accurate statement about the brief history of cocaine.
Cocaine was extracted from coca leaves in 1860 and much of the medical profession hailed it as a wonder drug.
Identify a true statement about amphetamines.
Currently, amphetamines have very few widely accepted medical uses.
Which of the following is most likely to happen following discontinuation of heavy, long-term use of cocaine?
Depression
True or false: Because of its potential as a topical anesthetic, in spite of its extensive abuse, cocaine remains a Schedule III drug.
False
True or false: Discontinuing the use of amphetamine after taking it in quantity over a period of time produces withdrawal symptoms that closely resemble those associated with withdrawal distress from using heroin or the barbiturates.
False
True or false: In spite of smoker variability in use, however, snorters nearly always consume more cocaine than smokers.
False
Match the methods of administering freebase or crack cocaine (in the left column) with their features (in the right column).
IV administration matches It produces a high that takes only 12-15 seconds to appear, and the rush is a major attraction.It produces a high that takes only 12-15 seconds to appear, and the rush is a major attraction. Smoking matches It produces an intense, orgasmlike high that takes only 6-8 seconds to appear.It produces an intense, orgasmlike high that takes only 6-8 seconds to appear. Intranasal administration matches It produces a high that takes roughly 3 minutes to occur and lasts perhaps a half hour; there is no real rush.It produces a high that takes roughly 3 minutes to occur and lasts perhaps a half hour; there is no real rush.
Which of the following is an effect of stimulants when administered in low doses?
It improves mental and physical performance.
In the context of the route of administration for cocaine, identify an accurate statement about freebase.
It is a substance that is the product of dissolving cocaine in an alkaline solution and boiling it.
Identify a true statement about the addictive property of cocaine.
It is possible for a sizable proportion of cocaine users to develop a craving so intense that they will give up many of the things they value to continue taking the drug.
Which of the following is most likely to happen when a person takes a substantial amount of a strong stimulant combined with chronic sleeplessness?
It produces a state of hyper-excitement.
In Ronald Siegel's 8-year study of cocaine users, the negative effects of cocaine use were reported in 40 percent of episodes for social-recreational users. Identify these effects. (Check all that apply.)
Perceptual disturbances An inability to concentrate Lassitude
Which of the following are the three main coca-growing countries? (Check all that apply.)
Peru Bolivia Colombia
Which of the following methods of administering freebase or crack cocaine produces a quicker and more intense rush in comparison with other methods?
Smoking
Most users of powdered cocaine _____ the drug.
Sniff
Which of the following statements is true of the trends in the use of amphetamines?
The drug inhibits appetite, but weight loss tends to be modest and temporary.
In the context of the addictiveness of cocaine, which of the following was an observation put forward by Van Dyke and Byck?
The drug, if taken occasionally and moderately, causes little if any physical or mental damage.
Which of the following facts about crack usage was verified by a Monitoring the Future (MTF) study?
The national incidence of crack use among eighth-, tenth-, and twelfth-graders remains at a fairly low level.
Identify the trends associated with the price or purity of methamphetamine in the United States. (Check all that apply.)
The price per pure gram of the drug dropped from $207 in 2006 to $127 in 2009. In 2017, street meth was 93 percent pure.
Identify an accurate statement about cocaine and amphetamines.
They are powerfully reinforcing.
Identify an accurate statement about stimulants.
They speed up signals passing through the nervous system.
In low doses, the typical bodily and mental effect of amphetamine includes _____.
a heightened competence in motor skills
Indians living in the Andes Mountains of South America _____ to offset fatigue and hunger, and they can work long hours without stopping as a result of the drug's effects.
chew the leaves of the coca bush
According to Johanson, if experimental animals receive _____ as a result of engaging in an activity, like pushing a bar, and the researchers then discontinue administering the drug, these animals will continue engaging in that previously rewarded activity—thousands of times an hour—at a higher rate and for a longer period of time than will animals deprived of any other drug they've previous self-administered.
cocaine
If researchers administer _____ to subjects without their knowledge of what they have been given, in comparison with other drugs, the subjects enjoy the effects of this drug and are most likely to say that they want to take it again.
cocaine
Laboratory animals will give up food, sex, and water for self-administered doses of _____, and they will even starve themselves to death to continue receiving the drug instead of food.
cocaine
According to an observation made by Gerald Ford's White House (1974-1977), cocaine _____.
does not usually result in serious social consequences, such as crime, hospital emergency room admissions, or death
The immediate subjective effect of cocaine and amphetamines (including methamphetamine) is _____.
euphoria and a sense of confidence and well-being
Ronald Siegel's most remarkable finding was _____.
how closely method of consumption and quantity of use were related
An accurate statement about crack is that it is _____.
impure by its very nature
A statement that correctly highlights the distinction between cocaine and amphetamines is that unlike amphetamines, cocaine _____.
is a local or topical anesthetic
An accurate statement about methamphetamine is that _____.
its current form is considerably more potent than its older version
An accurate statement about cocaine is that _____.
its effects last no more than half an hour
The coca plant grows in the Andes Mountains of South America, and its leaves contain from _____ cocaine.
less than 1 percent to as much as 1.8 percent
Ronald Siegel, a psychologist who conducted an 8-year study of cocaine users, states that _____.
most social-recreational users do not change their long-term pattern of cocaine use and do not appear to develop toxic crisis reactions
Scholars in the seventies and early eighties reflected a widespread view that cocaine was _____.
not a terribly dangerous drug if snorted in powdered form and taken in moderation
In the context of the origin, quality, availability, price, and usage of cocaine, in 2001, a research group called the Abt Associates estimated that the _____.
price of a gram of cocaine in 1981, at less-than-gram-level purchase, declined from $423 nationwide to $211.70
Another feature of heavy amphetamine use is the development of certain behavioral fixations, which are repeated over and over again, such as picking at bits of dust in a rug or spending a whole night counting the cornflakes in a cereal box. This repetitive activity is called _____.
punding
A major reason for cocaine's legal downfall in the United States, some observers argue, was _____.
racism
A diminishing number of physicians prescribed amphetamines for weight loss because of the growing consensus that the drug _____.
was neither effective nor safe