BOC Domain II Task 4
Following a football play, one of the linemen remains down on the field. The athlete ' s thigh is slightly flexed, internally rotated and adducted, and resting on the uninvolved knee. The athlete complains of intense pain in the hip and buttocks and is unwilling to move the joint. What is the role of the athletic trainer who has not been trained in the reduction of suspected hip joint dislocations in managing this condition? A. Activate emergency medical services (EMS), and check sensory and vascular status of the limb B. Splint the limb in the position in which it is found and remove the athlete from the field C. Activate EMS and then gently straighten the leg while supporting the limb D. Attempt to reduce the suspected dislocation and then transport for x-rays and evaluation
A. Activate emergency medical services (EMS), and check sensory and vascular status of the limb
You elect to perform the Spurling test in an effort to confirm your differential diagnosis of cervical nerve root compression. With your hands interlocked over the crown of the patient's head, you first passively extend the patient's head. As no symptoms are produced, you then add lateral flexion. Again no symptoms are produced. What is your next step? A. Add axial compression to see if pain radiates down the patient's arm. B. Grade the test as negative and proceed with your evaluation. C. Add rotation of the head toward the ceiling to see if pain diminishes or centralizes. D. Ask the athlete to take a deep breath and hold it to see if pain radiates down the patient ' s arm.
A. Add axial compression to see if pain radiates down the patient's arm.
An athlete presents with flu-like symptoms and a cluster of cutaneous vesicles on an erythematous base. The vesicles are tightly clustered and appear to have developed into pustules and ulcers. Several of the vesicles have ruptured, releasing a serous material that has formed a yellowish crust. How is this condition best treated pharmacologically? A. An oral antiviral medication such as acyclovir B. An oral antiviral medication such as erythromycin C. An antibiotic medication such as amoxicillin D. An antifungal medication such as terbinafi ne hydrochloride (Lamisil) E. An antifungal medication such as zanamivir (Relenza)
A. An oral antiviral medication such as acyclovir
One of your gymnasts calls you to tell you that she is very worried about her roommate, who is also on the team. She shares that her roommate sleeps a lot, does not want to leave the room or do anything with friends, and has increased her use of alcohol. She notes that she always talks about being a burden to her family, and tonight she posted a concerning message on social media saying goodbye to friends. What action should you take? A. Ask to speak to the athlete, screen for suicidal ideation, and ask for campus emergency medical services (EMS) to conduct a welfare check. B. Encourage the athlete who called you not to leave her roommate alone and to bring her to the athletic training room in the morning. C. Call the gymnastics coach and inform her that you will be asking for the athlete to be transported to the emergency department for a psychiatric evaluation. D. Call the athlete ' s parents and ask them to come get their daughter so she can be evaluated by a mental health provider.
A. Ask to speak to the athlete, screen for suicidal ideation, and ask for campus emergency medical services (EMS) to conduct a welfare check.
You suspect that an athlete has sustained a spontaneous pneumothorax. While palpating tactile fremitus, which of the following findings would confirm your suspicions? A. Decreased fremitus is palpable unilaterally. B. Decreased fremitus is palpable bilaterally. C. Increased fremitus is palpable unilaterally. D. Increased fremitus is palpable bilaterally. E. Fremitus is absent bilaterally.
A. Decreased fremitus is palpable unilaterally.
Which of the following should be noted during the observation portion of the injury evaluation? A. Demeanor, posture, and deformity B. Movement, swelling, and mechanism of injury C. Abnormal end-feels, crepitus, and asymmetry D. Posture, sensation, and swelling E. Movement, asymmetry, and reflexes
A. Demeanor, posture, and deformity
What type of approach is recommended for managing psychological concerns at the secondary school level? A. Interdisciplinary team to include the athletic trainer, team physician, school nurse, school counselor, and local mental health professionals. B. As high school athletes are minors, parents must be called first and allowed to manage the care of the athlete. C. Team physician must be consulted on every situation that involves a secondary school athlete. D. An athletic trainer should be well versed on the state laws and direct the care of the athlete
A. Interdisciplinary team to include the athletic trainer, team physician, school nurse, school counselor, and local mental health professionals.
An athlete sustains a direct blow to the ilium resulting in pain at the site of injury and also with trunk flexion away from the injured side. The patient also notes paresthesia over the anterolateral thigh. Which nerve do you suspect has also been impacted by the injury? A. Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve B. Obturator nerve C. Superior gluteal nerve D. Inferior gluteal nerve
A. Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
An athlete on your soccer team sustains two seizures of unknown etiology within a span of 1 week. Which of the following is the most appropriate health-care provider to evaluate this athlete? A. Neurologist B. Rheumatologist C. Endocrinologist D. Hematologist
A. Neurologist
A member of the women's swim team presents with suprapubic discomfort she has been feeling for the past 2 days. She also reports pain and burning when urinating, increased frequency of urination, and foul smelling urine. What urinalysis result would indicate need for referral? A. Positive for hematuria B. Positive for ketones C. Negative for leukocyte esterase D. Specific gravity reading greater than 1.00
A. Positive for hematuria
You are treating a patient with chronic tendinopathy that is not responding to typical conservative treatment. In discussions with your team physician, you determine that it may be effective to increase the inflammatory reaction to enhance the healing process. Which of the following therapeutic interventions would meet this goal? A. Prolotherapy B. Corticosteroid injection C. Electrical stimulation D. Immobilization
A. Prolotherapy
An athlete with systemic lupus erythematosus needs to be referred to a specialist. Which of the following specializations would be most appropriate? A. Rheumatology B. Pathology C. Endocrinology D. Dermatology E. Neurology
A. Rheumatology
An adolescent softball pitcher with a history of neurological symptoms in her throwing shoulder and elbow has been diagnosed with neurapraxia of her radial nerve. What is neurapraxia? A. Stretching of the nerve, epineurium, and myelin sheath B. Complete disruption of the nerve C. Disruption of the axon and myelin sheath of the nerve D. Disruption of blood flow to the nerve
A. Stretching of the nerve, epineurium, and myelin sheath
To palpate the rotator cuff muscle responsible for initiating shoulder abduction, how should the patient be positioned? A. With the glenohumeral joint in maximal internal rotation B. With the glenohumeral joint in maximal external rotation C. With the glenohumeral joint in 90° of abduction D. With the glenohumeral joint in 30° of forward flexion E. With the glenohumeral joint in 30° of extension
A. With the glenohumeral joint in maximal internal rotation
In the process of bone healing following injury, what immediately follows the phase in which a fi brocartilage soft callus forms? A. A fracture hematoma forms. B. A bony callus made of spongy bone is formed. C. Osteoclasts remove excess tissue. D. Blood vessels grow into the fracture site.
B. A bony callus made of spongy bone is formed.
An adolescent athlete sustains a fall on an outstretched hand and is seen by his pediatrician. He returns the next day and reports that the x-ray in the pediatrician's office was negative, and he can play as tolerated; however, he still presents with exquisite pain in the anatomical snuff box. You are hesitant to allow him to return to play because you feel he may have a fracture. How would you best communicate to the athlete's parents your concern that yesterday's x-ray may be a false-negative? A. The navicular bone is too dense for x-rays to pass through. B. A fracture line may not show on x-rays for several weeks. C. The wrist cannot be stabilized because of a chronic or acute irritation of the proximal radial condyle. D. It may take several months for a fracture line to show on x-rays. E. The navicular bone is too small to be seen by x-ray.
B. A fracture line may not show on x-rays for several weeks.
To determine accuracy, clinical results are measured against a predetermined diagnostic gold standard, which is also known as the reference standard. For the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, what is considered to be the gold standard? A. Lachman's test B. Arthroscopy C. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) D. Slocum test
B. Arthroscopy
What postconcussion metabolic changes, which may assist in the diagnosis of a concussion, can put a patient with a concussion at risk of further brain trauma if he is allowed to return to activity and suffers another head injury? A. Brain cells have a suppressed metabolism despite enhanced blood flow to the cells. B. Brain cells have an increased demand for glucose, but blood flow decreases. C. Brain cells have an increased demand for glucose and an associated enhanced blood fl ow to the cells. D. Brain cells have a suppressed metabolism and an associated blood fl ow decrease.
B. Brain cells have an increased demand for glucose, but blood flow decreases.
A 19-year-old male collegiate athlete with a history of chronic groin pain that is exacerbated with physical activity and prolonged sitting has been diagnosed with a Cam lesion, a type of femoral acetabular impingement. Which of the following statements regarding Cam lesions is accurate? A. Cam lesions are the most common hip disorder in adolescents and are more common in females than males. B. Cam lesions result from an abnormally shaped femoral head repetitively contacting the acetabulum and labrum. C. Patients with a Cam lesion present with limited hip external rotation when the hip is in 90 degrees of flexion. D. Cam lesions are bony outgrowths of the acetabulum that compress the femoral head during hip motions.
B. Cam lesions result from an abnormally shaped femoral head repetitively contacting the acetabulum and labrum.
You are assessing shoulder flexion range of motion using a goniometer with the patient in a supine position. Which of the following indicates appropriate positioning of the goniometer? A. Fulcrum: lateral to the acromion process; stationary arm: parallel to the length of the torso; moving arm: midline of the anterior humerus B. Fulcrum: lateral to the acromion process; stationary arm: parallel to the thorax; moving arm: midline of the lateral humerus C. Fulcrum: lateral to the olecranon process; stationary arm: parallel to the tabletop; moving arm: centered on the long axis of the ulna D. Fulcrum: anterior to the acromion process; stationary arm: parallel to the long axis of the thorax; moving arm: centered over the midline of the anterior humerus
B. Fulcrum: lateral to the acromion process; stationary arm: parallel to the thorax; moving arm: midline of the lateral humerus
A patient reports for evaluation of foot pain that is centralized to the medial calcaneal tubercle but spreads out toward the toes. The pain increases with weight-bearing and is heightened with weightbearing after prolonged sitting or first steps in the morning. Pain is increased with active and passive dorsiflexion and toe extension. Based on this information, which of the following would be your differential diagnosis? A. Tarsal fracture, Sever's disease, posterior tibialis tendinopathy, calcaneal stress fracture B. Heel spur, calcaneal stress fracture, fat pad syndrome, plantar fasciitis C. Tarsal coalition, metatarsal fracture, interdigital neuroma D. Tarsal tunnel syndrome, Achilles tendinopathy, sesamoiditis
B. Heel spur, calcaneal stress fracture, fat pad syndrome, plantar fasciitis
For which passive joint motion is the physiological end-feel for most persons soft? A. Hip extension with the knee extended B. Knee flexion C. First metatarsophalangeal joint extension D. Elbow extension
B. Knee flexion
Based on outcome data, which of the following statements regarding knee special tests is the most accurate? A. The anterior drawer test is the best indicator of an isolated anterior cruciate ligament tear. B. Lachman's test is the best indicator of anterior cruciate ligament injury, especially the posterolateral band. C. The active drawer test is a better indicator of anterior cruciate insufficiency than of posterior cruciate insufficiency. D. The pivot shift test may be the most sensitive and accurate test for assessing posterior tibiofemoral instability. E. The jerk test is more sensitive and accurate than the pivot shift test.
B. Lachman's test is the best indicator of anterior cruciate ligament injury, especially the posterolateral band.
An athlete with a 3-week history of knee pain and mild joint effusion develops a Baker ' s cyst. After discussions with the team physician, which test would best reveal the cause of the cyst? A. X-ray B. Magnetic resonance imaging C. Bone scan D. Diagnostic ultrasound E. Complete blood count
B. Magnetic resonance imaging
Why should an athletic trainer promptly refer any athlete suspected of having Marfan's syndrome to the appropriate specialists? A. Marfan's syndrome may cause myopia so the athlete will need corrective lenses. B. Marfan's syndrome commonly results in major cardiovascular system abnormalities that can lead to sudden death. C. Marfan's syndrome often leads to joint hypermobility and increased risk for osteoarthritis. D. Marfan's syndrome is associated with a high arched oral palate leading to dental crowding requiring corrective oral devices
B. Marfan's syndrome commonly results in major cardiovascular system abnormalities that can lead to sudden death.
A pitcher on your baseball team recently underwent surgery to repair a tendon laceration in his throwing hand. The athlete is having difficulty regaining dexterity and fine motor skills, which are inhibiting his activities of daily living. Which of the following providers might best assist you in the rehabilitation of this athlete? A. Orthotist B. Occupational therapist C. Massage therapist D. Osteopath
B. Occupational therapist
A 12-year-old basketball camper reports anterior knee pain focused at the inferior insertion of the patellar tendon. What apophyseal injury should you suspect? A. Sever's disease B. Osgood-Schlatter disease C. Salter-Harris II fracture D. Larsen-Johansson disease E. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
B. Osgood-Schlatter disease
Which of the following correctly identifies the most appropriate intervention strategy for a medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury that occurs concurrently with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury? A. The MCL should be surgically repaired when the ACL is reconstructed, as its blood supply is inadequate for healing. B. The MCL can be managed nonoperatively with a functional rehabilitation plan, as it has adequate blood supply for healing. C. The patient should be fitted with a derotation brace that will allow the MCL and ACL to heal nonoperatively. D. The MCL should be surgically repaired if there is associated patellar lateral instability, as the joint is unable to maintain enough inherent stability to allow healing to occur
B. The MCL can be managed nonoperatively with a functional rehabilitation plan, as it has adequate blood supply for healing.
If a normal eye is shaped like a basketball, which of the following best describes the presentation of astigmatism? A. The eye is shaped more like a boomerang. B. The eye is shaped more like a football. C. The eye is shaped more like a teardrop. D. The eye is shaped more like a hockey puck. E. The eye is shaped more like a flying disc.
B. The eye is shaped more like a football.
A patient sustained an ankle injury and was seen in the emergency department, where he was provided with a nonfunctional stirrup brace and crutches, which he has been using for the past 2 weeks. During your evaluation you assess his ankle joint play as 1 = considerably decreased. What conclusions can you draw from this finding? A. The patient's joint is hypermobile secondary to ligamentous injury. B. The patient's joint is hypomobile secondary to the immobilization. C. The patient ' s joint play is normal, and the brace and crutches can be discontinued. D. The patient ' s joint play should be assessed compared with the uninjured ankle in a close packed position.
B. The patient's joint is hypomobile secondary to the immobilization.
When auscultating the heart, the first sound or "lub" is heard coinciding with ventricular systole. What physiological action occurs during ventricular systole? A. The aortic and pulmonary valves close. B. The semilunar valves open. C. The atrioventricular valves open. D. The ventricles finish pushing out the blood and begin to relax. E. The mitral and tricuspid valves open.
B. The semilunar valves open.
A plant worker falls from the top of a 12-ft ladder, landing on his right foot before falling to the ground. The worker is transported to the facility ' s medical clinic, and plain film x-rays are obtained of his foot, ankle, and lower leg. He is diagnosed with a comminuted fracture of his right calcaneus. What is a comminuted fracture? A. A fracture with an "S" shape B. A fracture in which the bone splits along its length C. A fracture consisting of three or more fragments at the fracture site D. A fracture that occurs at right angles to the bone shaft
C. A fracture consisting of three or more fragments at the fracture site
Vital signs should be assessed and repeated at regular intervals during the physical examination of an athlete who has sustained head trauma. What measurement of blood pressure (BP) may be a sign of intracranial bleeding? A. Pulse pressure less than 40 mmHg B. BP that decreases after a high post exercise measurement C. BP that continues to increase over time D. Negative pulse pressure
C. BP that continues to increase over time
Which of the following terms is consistent with an increased carrying angle of greater than 14° in a male subject? A. Cubitus varus B. Genu recurvatum C. Cubitus valgus D. Genu varum
C. Cubitus valgus
An athlete has been diagnosed with mallet finger. Which tendon is involved in this condition? A. Flexor digitorum profundus B. Central extensor tendon C. Extensor digitorum longus D. Extensor pollicis brevis E. Extensor digitorum communis
C. Extensor digitorum longus
When assessing your patient's anterior glenohumeral (GH) joint play using the load and shift technique, you note that the humeral head translates over the glenoid rim, but the head spontaneously reduces. Using the three-point grading scale for load and shift testing, how should you document your findings? A. Trace (0) B. Grade I C. Grade II D. Grade III
C. Grade II
Just as the football leaves the foot of the punter he is rushed by opposing players, and with his hip in 90° of forward flexion he sustains an axial load along the femur. The athlete has fallen to the ground and is expressing extreme pain. On inspection of this injured athlete, you note his involved leg is slightly flexed, adducted, and internally rotated at the hip joint. What condition should be included in your initial differential diagnosis? A. Hip pointer B. Athletic pubalgia C. Hip joint dislocation D. Trochanteric bursitis
C. Hip joint dislocation
While your patient performs active external rotation of the glenohumeral joint, he stops his movement before he reaches the end of this motion due to pain. You then ask him to relax while you apply overpressure in the direction of passive glenohumeral joint external rotation. The integrity of which of the following structures was being assessed during the patient ' s active motion, but not during the passive motion? A. Anterior glenohumeral ligament B. Subscapularis C. Infraspinatus D. Posterior glenohumeral ligament
C. Infraspinatus
Winging of the scapula could result from injury to which nerve? A. Median B. Axillary C. Long thoracic D. Suprascapular E. Spinal accessory
C. Long thoracic
Although clinical tests for thoracic outlet syndrome may be effective at reproducing symptoms, they are ineffective in determining causative factors. Which assessment is required to identify causative factors so that those can be addressed? A. Angiography B. Ultrasonography C. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) D. Electromyography (EMG) conduction testing
C. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
You are evaluating an adolescent athlete complaining of anterior knee pain at the insertion of the patellar tendon on the tibial tuberosity. You observe a bony deformity at the tibial tuberosity. Pain is exacerbated with eccentric loading of the tendon when landing from jumping and descending stairs. What condition do you suspect? A. Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease B. Synovial plica C. Osgood-Schlatter disease D. Patellofemoral pain syndrome
C. Osgood-Schlatter disease
What foot position allows for the maximum amount of rigidity at initial contact during the stance phase of the gait cycle to allow the limb to accept the impact of body weight loading? A. Foot flat and knee in 20° of flexion B. Foot supinates toward neutral, weight shifts over metatarsal heads, and heel begins to rise into plantar flexion C. Subtalar joint is in supination, and tibia is externally rotated D. 20° of plantar flexion combined with up to 40° of knee flexion
C. Subtalar joint is in supination, and tibia is externally rotated
A beach volleyball player complains of blurred vision, light sensitivity, and the sensation of "having something in her eye" after diving in the sand. Evaluation reveals no visible foreign objects, but similar sensations remain after flushing the eye with sterile saline solution. Examination utilizing a fluorescein strip reveals a possible corneal abrasion. How should this condition be managed? A. The eye should be patched, and the athlete should be instructed to return in 24 hours for reevaluation. B. The athlete should be provided with nonprescription contact lenses to protect the healing area. C. The athlete should be referred to an ophthalmologist for topical antibiotic and anesthetic treatment as needed. D. The eye should be patched, and the athlete should be referred to the emergency department for evaluation.
C. The athlete should be referred to an ophthalmologist for topical antibiotic and anesthetic
An athlete asks you to look at a mole on her back that she has had her whole life but that she thinks has changed over the past several months. To rule out melanoma, you screen for the ABCD characteristics. Which of the following characteristics would necessitate referral for evaluation by a dermatologist? A. The mole is symmetrical all the way around. B. The mole is bordered by skin that is red and scaly. C. The mole varies in color in different areas. D. The mole's diameter is smaller than a dime.
C. The mole varies in color in different areas.
Pulse oximetry provides a rapid and noninvasive technique to estimate peripheral oxygen saturation (Sp O 2) of hemoglobin. What Sp O2 measure falls within the "normal" range? A. 45% B. 75% C. 85% D. 95%
D. 95%
During a doubles tennis match, the player nearest the net fails to quickly react to an opponent's shot and is struck in the eye by the hard hit tennis ball. During inspection of the player's traumatized eye, noting which of the following would indicate immediate referral to an ophthalmologist? A. Blood in the sclera of the eye B. Periorbital hematoma C. Laceration of the eyelid D. Blood in the anterior chamber of the eye
D. Blood in the anterior chamber of the eye
An equestrian rider reports for evaluation of a head injury after being thrown from her horse. The athlete is having difficulty talking, swallowing, and sticking out her tongue. Which cranial nerve is most likely impaired? A. Cranial nerve VII B. Cranial nerve V C. Cranial nerve VIII D. Cranial nerve XII E. Cranial nerve I
D. Cranial nerve XII
A youth ice hockey player receives a violent check into the boards by an overly aggressive opponent. He comes off the ice complaining of shortness of breath and right side chest pain. If this athlete has sustained a tension pneumothorax, what are other signs and symptoms that he could experience? A. Anoxia, dyspnea, coughing up of frothy blood, and a right tracheal shift B. Difficult and painful breathing, coughing up of frothy blood, signs of shock C. Purple discoloration of the upper trunk and head, bright red conjunctiva of eyes, cessation of breathing D. Cyanosis, absence of breath sounds, distention of neck veins, and a left tracheal shift
D. Cyanosis, absence of breath sounds, distention of neck veins, and a left tracheal shift
Which of the following adaptations might occur as a result of hyperlordotic posture? A. Adaptive shortening of anterior chest musculature B. Increased compressive forces on posterior hip ligaments C. Soft tissue shortening and increased compressive forces in posterior upper thoracic and cervical regions D. Elongation of the anterior lumbar spine ligaments and posterior hip ligaments
D. Elongation of the anterior lumbar spine ligaments and posterior hip ligaments
A postoperative patient reports to your clinic for rehabilitation. You note that her knee appears more swollen and is warm to the touch. You encourage the patient to schedule an immediate follow-up appointment with her surgeon to rule out an infection in the surgical site. What implications might infection have on the healing process? A. Fibroplasia and collagen synthesis may be inhibited. B. Nutrition to the healing structures may be inhibited. C. Tissue separation may occur. D. Excessive production of granulation tissue and excess scar tissue may occur.
D. Excessive production of granulation tissue and excess scar tissue may occur.
You are evaluating a swimmer who is experiencing low back pain. The pain is least in the morning and worsens as the day goes on. Movement is guarded, as most motion exacerbates the pain. The patient also notes a tingling sensation across the anterolateral thigh and down the medial aspect of the knee into the medial lower leg. Some weakness is noted with resisted dorsiflexion and reduced patellar tendon reflex. The femoral nerve stretch test is positive for pain in the anterolateral thigh, and Milgram's test is positive as well. Based on these findings, what injury do you suspect? A. Spondylolysis B. Sciatica C. Lumbar disc involvement at the L5-S1 level D. Lumbar disc involvement at the L4 level E. Facet joint dysfunction
D. Lumbar disc involvement at the L4 level
A diver who recently sustained a tympanic membrane rupture, which was treated with activity restriction and antibiotics, continues to complain of a sensation of air moving during a Valsalva maneuver. Visual evaluation reveals healing with a small fissure remaining in the membrane. What would be your next step? A. Continue with current treatment plan and reevaluate in 2 weeks to allow additional time for healing B. Allow the athlete to return to activity as long as the ear is covered to minimize water intrusion while healing continues C. Educate the athlete about strategies for minimizing water collection in the ear, signs and symptoms of possible infection, and prognosis of living with a permanent tympanic membrane fissure D. Refer the athlete to an otolaryngologist for evaluation and possible grafting
D. Refer the athlete to an otolaryngologist for evaluation and possible grafting
A freshman tennis player from Florida moves to Seattle, Washington, to attend college. The athlete comes to see you in February complaining of malaise, fatigue, difficulty paying attention in class, and feeling sleepy especially in the afternoon. She notes the symptoms have gotten worse as the school year has gone on, but have been particularly bad since December. What condition would you suspect? A. Adjustment disorder B. Clinical depression C. Anxiety D. Seasonal affective disorder
D. Seasonal affective disorder
You are evaluating a patient who complains of a "squeaky" sensation along the back of the lower leg into the foot. A palpable nodule can be felt along the distal tendon. Plantar flexion is painful and weak, and passive dorsiflexion is limited by pain at the end range. Which of the following is the most appropriate differential diagnosis for this patient? A. Heel spur, calcaneal stress fracture, fat pad syndrome, plantar fasciitis B. Os peroneum syndrome, lateral ankle, syndesmotic ankle sprain C. Osteochondritis dissecans, medial tibial stress syndrome, deep vein thrombosis D. Subcutaneous calcaneal bursitis, insertional Achilles tendonitis, Sever's disease
D. Subcutaneous calcaneal bursitis, insertional Achilles tendonitis, Sever's disease
You observe a patient with an altered gait characterized by the thorax listing toward the involved limb during the stance phase of gait. What type of gait are you observing, and what is the most common cause of this gait pattern? A. Steppage gait; weakness of the dorsiflexors B. Calcaneal gait; pain with forefoot weight-bearing or plantar flexor weakness C. Gluteus maximus gait; gluteus maximus muscle weakness D. Trendelenburg gait; gluteus medius weakness
D. Trendelenburg gait; gluteus medius weakness
In a contusion of the medial epicondyle of the humerus, which nerve is most likely to sustain a compressive force? A. Median B. Radial C. Brachial D. Ulnar E. Musculocutaneous
D. Ulnar
A high school pitcher complains of medial elbow pain in the late cocking and early acceleration phase of throwing. He also notes a decrease in velocity and accuracy as well as a decrease in the total number of pitches he is able to throw before he gets tired. What condition is likely to result in this type of functional impairment? A. Supinator muscle strain B. Distal biceps tendon rupture C. Forearm compartment syndrome D. Ulnar nerve sprain
D. Ulnar nerve sprain
Which of the following pain patterns is radicular pain? A. Right shoulder, right upper quadrant, and bilateral inner thigh pain attributed to gallbladder pathology B. Left shoulder, left upper quadrant, and left side low back pain attributed to spleen pathology C. Neck, left chest, left scapula, and left forearm pain attributed to cardiac pathology D. Unilateral sciatic nerve pain attributed to L5 nerve root pathology
D. Unilateral sciatic nerve pain attributed to L5 nerve root pathology
The physician is presenting a staff in-service on head injuries. The physician states that when the brain loses autoregulation of its blood supply, vascular engorgement within the cranium results. This engorgement leads to herniation either of the medial surface of the temporal lobe or lobes below the tentorium or of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum. This condition leads to rapid brainstem failure within 2 to 5 minutes. What injury is being discussed? A. Antegrade amnesia B. Transient ischemic attack C. Skull fracture D. Cerebral concussion E. Second impact syndrome
E. Second impact syndrome
Which bones will you encounter when palpating the distal row of carpal bones from the radius to the ulna? A. Scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform B. Trapezoid, trapezium, lunate, scaphoid C. Scaphoid, capitate, trapezoid, hamate D. Trapezium, trapezoid, triquetral, pisiform E. Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
E. Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
