Caste System/Ancient India

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Brahma

A single spiritual power that Hindus believe lives in everything

monsoon

A strong wind in India which brings heavy rains in the summer and drought conditions in the winter

Harappan civilization

Ancient settlements in the Indus River Valley

karma

Hindu concept that the sum of good and bad in a person's life will determine his or her status in the next life

Harappan/Mohenjo Daro technologies

Plumbing and sewers. They also planned their cities on a grid (like NYC)

Indus River

Unpredictable Flooding

Enlightenment

Wisdom

Mohenjo - Darro

an ancient Indian city along the Indus River well organized

Vaisyas

commoners ; artisans, merchants, and farmers 3rd in the caste system

meditation

focusing the mind on spiritual ideas.

fasting

going without food

Untouchables

outcasts of ancient Indian society did the unclean jobs Very bottom of the caste system

Aryans

people of Indo-European language family who migrated in India Conquered the Indus River Valley

Brahmans

priests top of the caste system

Vedas

sacred Aryan texts

Sudras

servants and unskilled workers 4th in the caste system

nonviolence

the avoidance of violent actions

Sanskrit

the most important language of ancient India

caste system

the social classes system of ancient India in which are born into a certain varna, which determines the job, friends, marriage partner they will have

Kshatriyas

warriors (who controlled the government and the army) 2nd in the caste system

reincarnation

In Hinduism and Buddhism, the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding

Himalayan Mountain Range

Natural Barrier between India and Asia *largest in the world*

dharma

Duty

Buddha

"Enlightened One"

Caste System

1. Brahmins (priests) 2. Kshatriyas (warriors) 3. Vaisyas (Merchants) 4. Sudras (unskilled workers) 5. Untouchables

Buddhism

A belief system based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, which stress freeing oneself from worldly desires.

subcontinent

A large area of land separated from the rest of a continent by geographic features.

Siddhartha Guatama

A prince who founded Buddhism, and gave up his power to become enlightened.

Hinduism

A religion native to India, featuring belief in many gods and reincarnation


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