Cellular adaptation, injury and death

The cellular change that is considered pre-neoplastic is A. Dysplasia B. Anaplasia C. Metaplasia D. Hyperplasia

A. Dysplasia

Coagulative necrosis is caused by A. Interrupted blood supply B. Lung tissue damage C. Dissolving of dead cells & cyst formation D. Trauma or pancreatitis

A. Interrupted blood supply

Following somatic death, __________ develops because of the accumulation of intracellular calcium in muscle cells A. Rigor mortis B. Postmortem autolysis C. Algor mortis D. Poikilothermia

A. Rigor mortis

The cellular component that is most susceptible to radiation injury is the A. Ribosome B. DNA C. RNA D. Membrane

B. DNA

Apoptosis is a process that results in cellular A. Mutation B. Death C. Proliferation D. Atrophy

B. Death

Extreme cold injures cells by all of the following except A. Crystallization of cellular components B. Decreased blood viscosity C. Ischemic injury from vasoconstriction D. Peripheral nerve damage from rebound vasodilation

B. Decreased blood viscosity

Of the statements below, the accurate statement regarding nutrition & cellular health is A. The body can generally produce elements essential for nutritional balance B. Deficient cellular uptake by one cell type may contribute to excess nutrient delivery to other cell types C. Obese individuals are generally nutritionally healthy D. A normal BMI indicates nutritional health

B. Deficient cellular uptake by one cell type may contribute to excess nutrient delivery to other cell types

The cellular response indicative of injury because of faulty metabolism is A. Metaplasia B. Intracellular Accumulations C. Lactate Production D. Hydropic Swelling

B. Intracellular Accumulations

Carbon monoxide injures cells by A. Promotion of free radicals B. Reducing oxygen level on hemoglobin C. Crystallization of cellular organelles D. Destruction of cellular membranes

B. Reducing oxygen level on hemoglobin

Metaplasia is A. An irreversible cellular adaptation B. The replacement of one differentiated cell type with another C. The transformation of a cell type to malignancy D. The disorganization of cells into various sizes, shapes, & arrangements

B. The replacement of one differentiated cell type with another

An increase in organ size & function caused by increased work load is termed A. Metaplasia B. Atrophy C. Hypertrophy D. Inflammation

C. Hypertrophy

Necrotic death of brain tissue usually produces _____ necrosis. A. Coagulative B. Fat C. Liquefactive D. Caseous

C. Liquefactive

Cell death by __________ often activates the inflammatory response. A. Viruses B. Ischemia C. Necrosis D. Radiation

C. Necrosis

The primary effect of aging on all body systems is A. Diseased function B. Senility C. Programmed senescence D. Decreased functional reserve

D. Decreased functional reserve

Reperfusion injury to cells A. Occurs following nutritional injury B. Results from calcium deficiency in cells C. Results in very little cellular damage D. Involves formation of free radicals

D. Involves formation of free radicals

All of these cellular responses are potentially reversible EXCEPT A. Atrophy B. Metaplasia C. Hyperplasia D. Necrosis

D. Necrosis

Somatic death refers to death A. Of a body organ B. Secondary to brain damage C. Of nerve cells D. Of the entire organism

D. Of the entire organism

Viruses differ from most bacteria in that they (select all that apply) Do not induce an immune response Do not produce toxins Directly produce free radicals Use the host's metabolic processes to survive & replicate Enter the host cell

Do not produce toxins Use the host's metabolic processes to survive & replicate Enter the host cell

Infectious injury often results from (select all that apply) Endotoxins Exotoxins Enzymes from white blood cells Anti-inflammatory reactions Self-destruction of cells

Endotoxins Exotoxins Enzymes from white blood cells Self-destruction of cells

Bacteria cause injury to cells by (select all that apply) Reproducing inside of host cells altering cellular function Producing destructive enzymes Evoking an immune reaction Producing endotoxins Producing exotoxins

Producing destructive enzymes Evoking an immune reaction Producing endotoxins Producing exotoxins