Ch. 1 Study Quiz Rad Protection
.953 rem is equal to __________ mSv
9.53
Use of radiation within the healing arts did not occur until after Dr. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered x-ray energy on _________?
November 8, 1895
The term as low as reasonable achievable (ALARA) is synonymous with the term
Optimization for radiation protection (ORP)
In a hospital setting, which of the following professionals is expressly charged by the hospital administration with being directly responsible for the execution, enforcement, and maintenance of the ALARA program?
Radiation Safety Officer
In a hospital setting, who is directly responsible for the execution, enforcement, and maintenance of the ALARA program?
Radiation Safety Officer
Ionizing radiation is
Radiation that produces positively and negatively charged particles when passing through matter
The millisievert (mSv) is equal to
1/1000 of a sievert
In a team approach to patient care, various participants 1. Assume responsibility for their areas of expertise. 2. Emphasize the importance of communication throughout the team 3. Rotate as the person in charge of the team
1 and 2 only
48.64 mrem is equal to _____ rem
.04864
16 rads is equal to _________ gyt
.16
X-rays and gamma rays have a radiation weighting factor of?
1
Why is a question concerning the amount of radiation a patient will receive during a specific x-ray procedure difficult to answer? 1. Because the received dose is specified in a number of difficult units of measure 2. Because the scientific units for radiation dose are normally not comprehensible by a patient 3. Because the patient should not receive any information about radiation dose
1 and 2 only
Effective protective measures take into consideration: 1. both human and environmental physical determinants. 2. technical elements. 3. procedural factors.
1, 2 and 3
Radiology departments or individual radiologic technologists can "pledge" to image gently. The pledge includes which of the following? 1. Make the image gently message a priority in staff communications each year. 2. Review the protocol recommendations and, when necessary, implement adjustments to practice processes. 3. Communicate openly with parents.
1, 2 and 3
The cardinal principles of radiation protection include which of the following? 1. Time 2. Distance 3. Shielding
1, 2 and 3
Diagnostic efficacy includes 1. determining if an imaging procedure is justified. 2. obtaining images with minimal radiation exposure. 3. adhering to radiation safety guidelines. 4. revealing the presence or absence of disease in a patient.
1, 2, 3 and 4
Which of the following are required by The Joint Commission for CT? 1. Annual education of staff in dose reduction techniques 2. Minimum qualifications for medical physicists 3. Documentation of CT radiation doses 4. Management of CT protocols to minimize radiation dose
1, 2, 3 and 4
1. Roentgen 2. Rem 3. Rad 4. Coulomb per Kilogram
1. Air Kerma/Gray (a) 2. Sievert 3. Gray (t) 4. Roentgen
1. Amount of radiation intensity produced in air when ionizing radiation is present. 2. Attempts to measure the magnitude of effects radiation has on the human body. 3. Amount of kinetic energy per unit mass that has been absorbed in a material
1. Exposure 2. Effective dose 3. Absorbed dose
256 Sv is equal to _______ rem
25600
BERT is based on an annual U.S. population exposure of approximately _____mSV per year.
3
What organization was founded in 2007 that continues their pursuit to raise awareness of the need for dose reduction protocols by promoting pediatric-specified scan protocols to be used for both radiology and nonradiology users of CT?
Alliance for Radiation Safety in Pediatric Imaging
Which of the following is a method of explaining radiation to the public?
BERT
Why should the selection of technical exposure factors for all medical imaging procedures always follow ALARA?
Because radiation-induced cancer does not appear to have a dose level below which individuals would have no chance of developing this disease
Which unit measures the amount of radiation intensity produced in air when ionizing radiation is present?
Coulomb per kilograms
All of the following are consequences of ionization in human cells except for
Creation of new biologic molecules that are not harmful to a living cell
Which of the following provides the basis for determining whether an imaging procedure or practice is justified?
Diagnostic efficacy
Which of the following radiation quantities is intended to be the best overall measure of the biologic effects of ionizing radiation?
Effective dose
BERT is used to imply radiation risk: it's not just a means for comparison.
False
Half-life is a term that describes the time it takes for the radiation activity to reduce to 25% of its original activity.
False
What unit is used to measure radiation absorbed dose in the metric International System of Units?
Gray
Typically, people are more willing to accept the risk if they perceive that the potential benefit to be obtained is
Greater than the risk involved
X-rays are a form of which of the following kinds of radiation?
Ionizing
Which of the following is a form of radiation that is capable of creating electrically charged particles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of normal matter through which it passes?
Ionizing radiation
The altered atoms or molecules that make up the charged particles are called ______.
Ions
Which of the following statements below is true?
It appears that no safe dose level exists for radiation-induced malignant disease
What is it called when unstable atoms spontaneously emit particles and energy from the nucleus in an effort to reach stability.
Radioactive disintegration
The ALARA principle provides a method for comparing the amount of radiation used in various health care facilities in a particular area for specific imaging procedures. This information may be helpful to many
Regulatory agencies
If a patient asks a radiographer a question about how much radiation he or she will receive from a specific x-ray procedure, the radiographer can
Respond by using an estimation based on the comparison of radiation received from the x-ray to natural background radiation received
When first developed, the branch of medicine using x-rays was called:
Roentgenology
Regarding exposure to ionizing radiation, patients who are educated to understand the medical benefit of an imaging procedure are more likely to
Suppress any radiation phobia and be willing to assume a small chance of biologic damage
Communication is very important when working as a team?
True
Ionization causes unstable atoms
True
The curie and the becquerel measure the rate of nuclear disintegration or decay of a material
True
Which of the following is not a fundamental property of x-rays?
X-rays are positively charged
Which of the following are fundamental properties of x-rays? Select all that apply.
X-rays can penetrate the human body. X-rays form a polyenergetic and heterogeneous beam. X-rays can produce secondary radiation. X-rays are invisible. X-rays can cause some substances to fluoresce.