Ch. 10 Endocrine System
Hormones from the ___, which travel in tthe hyposeal portal vessels, alter the activity of the anterior pituitary.
Hypothalamus
The pituitary hormone that promotes testosterone release in males and ovulation in females is
LH
Hormone concentration levels are most commonly controlled by
Negative feedback
The hormone that causes the activation of osteoclasts is
Parathyroid hormone
The pituitary hormone that controls the release of glucocorticoids is
ACTH
The outer zone of the adrenal cortex produces
Androgens, glucocorticoids, or mineralocorticoids
The release of parathyroid hormone is controlled by
Blood calcium ion levels
Increased levels of the hormone ___ will lead to decreased levels of calcium ions in the blood
Calcitonin
Cells of the adrenal cortex produce
Corticosteroids
Hyperthyroidism in infants and can cause developmental delay
Cretinism
Caused by a prolong exposure to cortisol, and results in fat accumulation around the neck
Cushing's disease
Excessive urine production, which is a characteristic symptom of all forms of
Diabetes mellitus
One hormone that is released from the adrenal medulla is
Epinephrine
Primarily targets the gonads(ovaries and testes)?
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Melatonin is the hormone produced by the
Pineal gland
Hormones produced by the ___ are derived from molecules to which iodine atoms have been attached
Thyroid gland
Juvenile onset produces little or no insulin, insulin dependent
Type 1 Diabetes
This hormone is released from the anterior pituitary gland and travels to its target cells in the kidney to control water retention
ADH
Condition where the pituitary produces too much GH and individuals will exhibit enlarged peripheral parts of the body including head and face
Acromegaly
Hypocortisolism results in bronzed skin, dehydration, and craving salty foods
Addison's disease
What are the 3 stages of GAS, in order of occurrence?
Alarm, Resistence, exhaustion
Sex hormones that are produced by the adrenal cortex
Androgens
Thyroid hormone insuffiency in infancy results in
Cretinism
Hyper secretion of the glucocorticoids causes
Cushing disease
The hormone that dominates during the alarm phase of the General Adaption Syndrome (GAS) is
Epinephrine
This hormone is hypersecreted when the following symptoms occur, high blood pressure and rapid heart rate, palpitations, excessive sweating , high glucose levels, and hypertension
Epinephrine
When glucose levels fall,
Glucagon is released
The hormones that dominate during the resistance phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) are the
Glucocorticoids
The hormone secreted by the pancreatic alpha cells would result in
Increased synthesis and release of glucose by the liver
Pancreatic hormone that is released when blood glucose levels rise
Insulin
The hormone oxytocin
Is involved in the milk "letdown" reflex
The hormone that inhibits osteoblasts is
Parathyroid hormone
The endocrine system..
Relies on the release of chemicals that bind to target cells
Any condition that threatens homeostasis produces ____ in our bodies
Stress
Hormone-producing cells of the testes produce
Testosterone
Disease results from resistance of receptor cells to accept insulin
Type 2 diabetes
