CH. 12 Review
Expandable extensions of the atrium are called
auricles
Intercalated discs consist of
desmosomes and gap junctions
Autoregulation of cardiovascular activity is stimulated by release of
local vasodilators.
Chordae tendineae originate at the
papillary muscles.
Increased inhalation during exercise pulls blood into the vena cava by a mechanism called
the respiratory pump.
Peripheral vasoconstriction is stimulated by
the vasomotor center.
During heavy exercise cardiac output increases approximately ________ and skeletal muscle blood flow increases ________.
three-fold; ten-fold
If the normal pacemaker of the heart fails, the job will be taken over by the
AV node
A recording of the electrical events in the heart is a
ECG
Central regulation of cardiovascular action by neural and endocrine mechanisms occurs
at any time that autoregulation is ineffective.
Blood flow in the coronary arteries originates
at the base of the ascending aorta
A common technique to improve blood flow and remove plaque in coronary vessels is
balloon angioplasty and stent placement.
Low pressure and slow flow rates are characteristics of favorable
capillary exchange.
44. Parasympathetic neurons that slow heart rate are contained in the
cardiac inhibitory center.
Sympathetic innervation travels to the heart via the
cardiac nerve.
Pressure gradient adjustments can be generated by changing
cardiac output and/or peripheral resistance.
Heart rate is stimulated by
cardioacceleratory center
Baroreceptors are located in
carotid arteries and the aorta.
Reduction in circulatory supply is called
coronary ischemia
During light exercise, the increase in cardiac output is mostly due to
increased venous return.
Baroreceptor stimulation is caused by blood pressure ________ and results in ________.
increasing; vasodilation
Julie's baroreceptors detect an increase in blood pressure. Which represents a normal homeostatic response?
inhibit sympathetic activity to the heart
If capillary blood flow is too fast, insufficient time for efficient diffusion occurs. The body can compensate by adjusting the capillary
pressure gradient.
Calcium channel blockers change stroke volume by
reducing contractibility.
Abnormally high blood volume is recognized by
stretch receptors in the heart wall.
Cardiac output depends on
stroke volume and heart rate.
An accelerated heart rate above 100 beats per minute is called
tachycardia
A typical bioprosthetic valve will provide service for approximately
ten years
A mid sagittal section through the trunk would divide the heart
unequally, with most lying on the left side.
Parasympathetic innervation travels to the heart via the
vagus nerve.
The amount of blood arriving at the right ventricle each minute is
venous return.
Relaxation of the lower chambers of the heart is called
ventricular diastole.
Blood circulates into the coronary arteries during
ventricular relaxation.
Blood flow is ________ proportional to blood pressure and ________ proportional to peripheral resistance
directly; inversely
A woman has lost her pacemaker and the AV node has taken over the excitatory role of the heart. An expected corresponding ECG would show
loss of p
