CH 15 SOC

Project Adequate roads passed in 1950's-- authorizing _____ to be used to build highways

$32 billion

The average white resident lives in a census tract that is ___% white; the average black resident lives in a tract that is ___% black; ___% of hispanics neighbors are also hispanic

79%; 46%; 45%

Global warming affects-- increase frequency of ______; increase tropical _____ intensity; _______ increases in high latitudes and decreases in low ones

heat waves; cyclones; precipitation

Industrialized countries have a growth rate less than ___%—rates have leveled off since being high in the 18th and 19th centuries— Most developing countries have rates between ___ and ___ percent

0.5%; 2; 3

The global urban population is expected to grow by __% per year between 2025 and 2030

1.5%

CBR in the US is ___ per _____

14; 1000

In December 1997, delegates from ___ nations gatheres in Kyoto, Japan, to make an agreement to reduce _______

166; global warming

As of January 2014, ___ countries had ratified the agreement

192

In 2010, ___% of American children lived in poverty - ____% among children living in rural counties and ____% among children living in urban areas

22%; 26%; 12%

Within 50 years, if the trend is not reversed, obesity will cut the average life span by at least ____ to ____ years

2; 5

In 2011 roughly ____ people lived in cities-- more than ____% of people lived in urbanized areas

3.6 billion; 80%

In 1900, life expectancy at birth in the US was around ____ years-Today it has increased to over ___ years"

40; 78

Illnesses caused by obesity are already shortening the average U.S. life by at least _____ to _____ months

4; 9

The US makes up less than ___% of the global population yet uses about ____% of the worlds fossil fuels

5%; 25%

United States has the ____ highest life expectancy of ____ years old

5th; 78

Pollution reductions agreed to - US ___%; European Union; ___%; Japan ___%

7%; 8%; 6%

Rural area contains approx. ___% of the nations land yet holds only about ___% of the total U.S. population

72%, 15%

about ___% of the U.S. population lives in urban areas

80

of the 1,346 counties that shrank in population between 2000 and 2007- ___% were located outside metropolitan areas and ____% rely heavily on farming, mining and manufacturing

85%, 59%

The death rate in the US in 2013 was ____ per ______

8; 1000

____ Developed a theory for why large scale urbanism helps promote diverse subcultures

Claude Fischer

According to _________ space is continually restructured in modern urbanism

David Harvey

The study of the size, composition, distribution and changes in the human population

Demography

Growth in population is __________ not _________

Exponential; arithmetic

one that lies within the 100 largest metropolitan areas in the united states but less than 25% of its population lives in what the census bureau defines as "Urbanized" areas

Exurban county

The __________ provided assistance in getting mortgage loans for families to get houses in suburbs post war

Federal housing administration

________ is the most pressing environmental problem

Global warming

_______ wrote "The Death and life of great american cities"

Jane Jacobs

Country with highest life expectancy of 82

Japan

The average age to which people in a particular population live

Life expectancy

In europe when harvests are bad marriages were postponed and the number of conceptions fell while deaths increased

Malthusianism

___________ - fertility will stabalize at __ children per woman resulting in a world pop. of _____ bill. people in 2100

Medium fertility scenario; 2; 10.9

the massive development and inhabiting of towns surrounding a city, rapidly inc. during the 1950's and 60's

Suburbanization

means that growth should be carried on in such a way as to recycle physical resources rather than deplete them and keep levels of pollution to a minimum

Sustainable development

The higher the number of bystanders, the lower the chances that any of them would attempt to help

The bystander effect

A form of modern folklore consisting of stories that may or may not have been believed by their tellers to be true

Urban Legends

Necessity for city dwellers to respect social boundaries when so many people are in close physical proximity all the time

Urban interaction problem

Movement of increasing numbers of people from rural areas to cities

Urbanization

Demographic transition theory developed by _________________ ------ 3 stage process that 1 type of ___________ would eventually be replaced by another as society reached an advanced level of ________________

Warren S. Thompson; population stability; economic development

__________ argues that the problems of the urban underclass have grown out of this economic transformation

William Julius Wilson

Industrial development led to how many children a woman would have being in her own control and not ___________

a gift from god

Extra Mile, Zero Carbon, Trees for cars

apps to reduce global footprints

Population patterns governed by 3 things:

births, deaths, migrations

Two qualities to an urban legend- 1. They speak to our _____________________ about our social world 2. They inspire an ________ (anger, fear, disgust, amusement etc.)

concerns, fears, and anxieties ;emotional reaction

A _________ country has a high standard of living (other terms: more developed country) A __________ country has a lower standard of living (other terms: newly industrialized country)

developed; developing

Residential segregation is measured by the _________ ranging from 0 to 1

dissimilarity index

China is the largest consumer of ____ in the world, and the largest producer of ___________

energy; greenhouse gases

Industry leaders claim reaching the 7% reduction of emission levels is expensive and enviro. regulations required to achieve this would ______ economic growth

impede

Persian Myth- Same principle of the grains of rice apply to __________— means of __________

population growth; doubling time

China gov't gives incentives for ________ families and hardships for those with more than __ child

single child; 1

Global warming will threaten _____ supplies, increase danger of _____, adversely affect ________ in parts of the world, and reduce planetary _______

water; flooding; agriculture; biodiversity

Crude Birth Rate: the number of live births per ____ per _____ persons in the population

year; 1000

3 stages of demographic transition Stage 1- characteristics of most ______________ Stage 2- occurs when _______ rates fall when _______ rates are high Stage 3- __________- birth rates drop to the point that population is stable again

modern societies; death; fertility; industrial development