Ch 2A
Which of the following is an example of a suspension?
blood
Blood is a
mixture
Define atomic number:
Number of protons in an atom
Define atomic symbol
Usually, the first one or two letters of an element's name
An atom with an atomic number of 10 and a mass number of 24 would have ________.
14 neutrons
What is the mass number of the helium atom?
4 amu
If atom X has an atomic number of 74 it would have which of the following?
74 protons
An atom of oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 18. How many of each type of subatomic particle does it contain?
8 protons, 8 electrons, and 10 neutrons
Define mass number of an element
Combined number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Which of the following statements is true concerning the differences between compounds and mixtures?
Compounds are all homogeneous.
Define colloids
Heterogeneous, will not settle.
Define suspensions
Heterogeneous, will settle.
Define solutions
Homogeneous, will not settle.
Think about a 10% saline solution (saline refers to salt.). Which of the following is a correct statement?
It contains 10% solute and 90% solvent.
Why can dehydration be such a life-threating event?
It significantly alters the ratio of body water (solvent) to dissolved substances (solutes), such as sodium ions.
Based on the general theme of conservation, which of the following is most likely to happen if an athlete breaks his arm and must wear a cast and not use that arm for six weeks?
Muscles in the injured arm will get smaller because they are not being used.
Which of the following elements is necessary for proper conduction of nerve impulses?
Na
Blood loss due to a moderate hemorrhage has several adverse effects on patient wellbeing. Why would administering IV fluids alone not be sufficient to return a patient to health?
Oxygen-carrying red blood cells lost along with the fluid component must also be replaced.
T/F Mixtures are combinations of elements or compounds that are physically blended together but are not bound by chemical bonds.
TRUE
T/F The atomic weight is an average of the relative weights (mass numbers) of all the isotopes of an element.
TRUE
What does CH4 mean?
There is one carbon and four hydrogen atoms.
Which of the following is a compound? a. carbon dioxide b. methane (natural gas) c. water d. oxygen gas
a. carbon dioxide, b. methane, c. water
Which of the following best describes an isotope?
an atomic structural variation in which atoms have differing numbers of neutrons
Which four elements comprise approximately 96% of our body weight?
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen
When your muscles contract to move your body, such as during walking, work is done, and work requires energy. Based on the Law of Conservation of Energy, from where does this energy come?
chemical energy
Dry ice (frozen carbon dioxide) is a
compound
Water is a
compound
Which of the following is NOT a compound? a. carbon dioxide b. methane (natural gas) c. water d. oxygen gas
d. oxygen gas
Carbon is an
element
The three atoms shown represent three unique __________.
elements
What can be measured only by its effects on matter
energy
The three atoms shown represent different __________.
isotopes
Although a man who weighs 175 pounds on Earth would be lighter on the moon and heavier on Jupiter, his _____ would not be different.
mass
What is anything that occupies space and has mass
matter
Which subatomic particles contribute to an atom's mass number but not its atomic number?
neutrons
Which particle is indicated by the arrow?
proton
Which type(s) of subatomic particles can be located within the nucleus of an atom?
protons and neutrons
Which of the following is the major positive ion outside cells?
sodium
Consider sweetened ice tea. Which of the following is a solute?
sugar
The superscript preceding each hydrogen atomic symbol (H) represents which of the following?
the mass number of the corresponding atom
What is a function of, and varies with, gravity.
weight
Define solutions
will not scatter light