Ch. 32

By 2001, the Hindu population of the U.S. was about

1 million.

In the 1960s, business spending on technology was about 3 percent. By the mid-1990s, it was

45 percent.

Barack Obama's main competitor in the 2008 Democratic primary elections was

Hillary Clinton.

Among Asian immigrants to the United States, those from ______ have more easily adapted to American society because many had college degrees and previous knowledge of English.

India

After the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq,

Iraq fractured along religious and ethnic lines.

Why was Afghanistan an obvious target of the war against the "radical network of terrorists"?

It was the seat of the Taliban.

Fulfilling his promise to provide opportunities for women to participate in his administration, Bill Clinton appointed ______ as his attorney general.

Janet Reno

In the 2004 presidential election, George W. Bush defeated Democrat ______, who was burdened with a reputation for "flip-flopping" on issues.

John Kerry

The Republican presidential candidate in the 2008 election was

John McCain

What initiative, signed into law in January 2002, attempted to make schools more accountable through the use of standardized tests?

No Child Left Behind

By the early 2000s, the largest number of Muslim immigrants to the U.S. came from

Pakistan and South Asia.

The debate over immigration in the mid-2000s revealed a split particularly among

Republicans.

In May 2017, the Justice Department appointed ______ as special counsel with the authority to investigate Russian meddling in the election and any potential collusion with the Trump campaign.

Robert S. Mueller

People from what nation promised "dirt" on Hillary Clinton to members of Trump's campaign team?

Russia

Bill Clinton appointed ______ to the Supreme Court

Ruth Bader Ginsburg

The United States invaded Afghanistan in 2001 in part to capture Osama bin Laden, who was affiliated with the Afghanistan group the

Taliban.

What caused a spike in emigration out of Mexico in the 1980s?

economic downturn

A key component of the Clinton health care reform effort was

health care coverage for all Americans.

Which of the following was not a power given to the government under the USA Patriot Act?

the right to arrest U.S. citizens without a warrant

Which of the following did Trump promise during his presidential campaign?

to repeal the Affordable Care Act to protect gun rights

George W. Bush's foreign policy sought to engage the world on its own terms and not through consensus, an approach known as

unilateralist.

The Paris Agreement

was a climate accord designed to limit emission of greenhouse gases.

After 1994 the proposals from the "Contract with America"

were largely passed in the Republican-controlled House but were less successful in the Republican-controlled Senate.

By 2012, the chief executive officers of the 350 largest corporations earned ______ times more, annually, than the average worker.

273

The war in Vietnam (and its aftermath) was responsible for more than ______ refugees between 1975 and 1990.

500,000

In the presidential election of 2000, who led in the popular vote nationwide?

Al Gore

Trump's tariff increases resulted in trade wars with which of the following?

China

What measures were taken to address income inequality during Obama's second term?

Congress passed a slight increase in tax rates for incomes over $250,000.

Which of the following statements regarding global warming is true?

Conservatives and industry leaders continued to express skepticism over global warming.

When natural disasters such as Hurricane Katrina occur, the government agency assigned to help is the Federal

Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).

The presidential election of 2000 was ultimately decided by the U.S. Supreme Court because of an electoral stalemate in the state of

Flordia

Which of the following was among the countries to which U.S. troops were deployed in the early 1990s?

Haiti

Which of the following correctly describes candidate Donald Trump?

He had faced dozens of lawsuits for nonpayment of debts. He had at least four bankruptcies. He had never held political office.

Which of the following accurately describes Bill Clinton?

He was the first baby boomer president. He called for reform of the welfare and health care systems. His wife, Hillary, had a full-time career.

The Clinton administration's health care proposal was created by a task force headed by

Hillary Rodham Clinton.

How did efforts to impeach presidents Bill Clinton and Richard Nixon differ?

The impeachment of Clinton was largely a partisan effort.

Why did Afghanistan become an important base for Islamic terrorists?

Western nations trained and armed Muslim radicals there to fight the Soviet Union in the 1980s.

Donald Trump stated, "There were fine people on both sides" in reference to what event?

a white supremacist rally in Virginia

Osama bin Laden was dismayed that his home country of Saudi Arabia

allowed the United States to stage attacks on Iraq from Saudi lands.

President George W. Bush hoped to impose conservative values on judicial rulings by

appointing John Roberts to the Supreme Court.

In the 1990s, young Mexican immigrants gathered to listen to what type of music?

banda

Lehman Brothers filed for bankruptcy protection in September 2008. This was a sign of the problems in the ______ industry.

banking

Why can the profile of Asian immigration to the United States be described as resembling an hourglass?

because most of the immigrants are either relatively well off or extremely poor

Proposition 209, passed in California in 1996, eliminated racial and gender preferences in which of the following?

college admissions hiring

When President Obama called for reform of the health care system in 2009, around 40 million Americans

did not have health insurance.

In the 1980s, Central Americans joined the northward flow of Mexican illegal immigrants because of ______ in their home countries.

economic issues

After the attacks on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, the U.S. economy

entered a serious recession.

What has been most effective in changing the Affordable Care Act during the Trump administration?

executive orders

Once in office, Donald Trump issued executive orders to stem immigration through the use of

extreme vetting.

After their initial success in Iraq, U.S. forces

faced difficulty in creating a viable Iraqi government while striving to contain violence.

The appeal of Obamacare

has not yet happened, as of December 2018.

The 1992 election results made it difficult for Bill Clinton to get legislation passed by Congress without making compromises because

he did not win more than 50 percent of the popular vote and had only narrow Democratic majorities in Congress.

When George W. Bush took office, he pushed for an agenda that appealed to

his political base on the right.

Immediately following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the United States worried about attacks from

hostile groups who disagreed with U.S. policies.

Latin American immigrants tended to settle in enclave communities where

immigrants from the same country supported each other.

By 1992, the currency flow of the global oil trade was the largest in volume. The currency flow of what was second largest?

immigrants sending funds

Although Latino voters in California had opposed Proposition 187, which denied benefits to illegal immigrants, they supported Proposition 227 because

it mandated that schools teach their children to read and write English.

One of the biggest global effects of illegal immigration to the United States was the

large amount of funds sent by immigrants back to their home countries.

In 1995, the Republicans' decision to force the government to shut down rather than compromise on the budget

led the public to turn its back on the Republican revolutionaries.

After serving less than a month, Donald Trump was forced to fire his national security advisor, Michael T. Flynn, for

lying about his contacts with the Russian ambassador.

The Immigration and Control Act of 1986 did which of the following?

made American employers responsible for determining whether employees were legal residents granted legal residency status to illegal immigrants who had arrived before 1986 granted amnesty to illegal immigrants who had arrived in the country before 1986

In September 2002, George W. Bush urged the United Nations to expand its inspection program in Iraq for dangerous weapons, such as nuclear weapons. His administration referred to these kind of weapons as weapons of

mass destruction.

During the Clinton/Lewinsky scandal, special prosecutor Kenneth Starr said that Bill Clinton should be put on trial for

obstruction of justice. perjury.

One of the strongest indicators of Internet access in the home is

parents' education level.

The Bush administration argued that United States should invade Iraq before the United States itself was attacked. This policy was known as the doctrine of

preemption.

During the administration of George W. Bush, many conservatives supported tax cuts because they believed that depriving the government of tax revenues would

prevent it from initiating new policies.

Following his reelection in 2004, George W. Bush unsuccessfully pushed for

privatizing Social Security and extending his earlier tax cuts.

Under Scott Pruitt, the Environmental Protection Agency began

promoting the use of coal.

Although the U.S. Supreme Court case of Gratz v. Bollinger did not allow the University of Michigan to use a point system to provide minorities preference in admissions, the Court did allow

race to be used as a consideration in the admissions process.

What emerged as a primary foreign policy problem of the Clinton administration?

regional ethnic conflicts

By the end of the twentieth century, Latino immigrant communities in the United States were

spread across urban and suburban areas.

In 1990, Lawrence Auster revived old nativist arguments in his book The Path to National Suicide in which he warned of

the "browning of America."

In the 2006 midterm elections,

the Democrats took control of the House and Senate.

The financial meltdown of 2008 was the nation's worst financial crisis since

the Great Depression.

The idea of Net neutrality states that

the Internet should be free for all to use and not dominated by large companies.

By the twenty-first century the biggest economic divide was between

the college-educated and noncollege-educated.

The "new debate" over immigration in 2006 centered upon

the fate of 11 million illegal immigrants who were living in the U.S.

Republican Mitt Romney had established a health care plan while serving as

the governor of Massachusetts.

The Paris Agreement called for limitations on greenhouse gases to keep global temperatures from rising by more than 2 degrees Celsius. Most climate scientists considered this goal

the minimum that was necessary.