Ch. 4&5 study test
Storage of high-energy molecules and minerals. Lends support Transport of nutrients, gases, enzymes and hormones. Attachment of one tissue to another
Functions of Connective Tissue
2nd degree burn
The type of burn involving all of the epidermis and part of the dermis would be categorizes as ______.
Chondrocytes
Cells that secrete cartilage
Thin skin
Covers most of the body Has four layers of keratinocytes
Thick skin
Covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet Has five layers of keratinocytes
Classification of burns is based on ______
Depth of the damage Extent of the surface area involved
Scar
A large amount of granulation tissue converted to dense irregular collagenous connective tissue during tissue repair
Langerhan cells
immune cells
Melanocyte
promotes skin color (melanin)
Skin touches the:
tips of toes finger tips soles of feet palms of hands
Regeneration
In _____, the new cells are the same type as those that were destroyed.
Integumentary system function
Sensation of environmental stimuli Resistance to infection Thermoregulation
Arrector pili
"Goosebumps" are caused by the action of ______.
Fibrocartilage
Between vertebrae
Neurons Glia
2 cell types found in nervous tissue
Fluid, ground substance, protein fibers
3 components for extracellular matrix
elastic, fibrocartilage, hyaline
3 types of cartilage
adipose, reticular, areolar
3 types of loose connective tissue
collagen, reticular, elastic
3 types of protein fibers in fibrous connective tissue
Epithelial, Muscular, Connective, Nervous Tissues
4 primary tissue types
Inflammation or edema
A normal tissue response to injury that involves redness, swelling, heat, pain, and altered functioning of the affected area is called
Tissue
An aggregation of cells and extracellular materials which performs a discrete function is known as a(n) ______. Collections of specialized cells and extra-cellular substances around them are known as a(n)
Cuboidal
An epithelial cell who's the height and width are about equal, is referred to as being
Simple
An epithelium consisting of a single layer of cells in which all cells rest directly on the basement membrane is ______.
Simple; Stratified
An epithelium consisting of one layer of cells is classified as ___, and an epithelium consisting of multiple layers is classified as ___.
Statements about calluses
Are localized thickenings in the stratum corneum Develop in areas subject to heavy friction or pressure
loose; dense
Areolar tissue is a type of ____ connective tissue whereas tendons and ligaments are comprised of ____ regular connective tissue
Components of the dermis
Blood vessels Fibers Glands Nerve fibers
Eccrine
Body temperature regulation is a function of the _____ glands
loss of elasticity and flexibility
Changes in the cells, extracellular materials and tissues in older adults cause a ______.
Merkel cells
Detect touch and pressure
Calluses
Develop in areas subject to heavy friction or pressure Are localized thickenings in the stratum corneum
False
Epithelial tissue is highly vascular.
increase
Erythema is caused by a(n) _____ in blood flow to the skin which makes the skin appear more red or pink in color.
During inflammation blood vessels dilate, increasing the delivery of white blood cells to the area. Clotting that occurs helps to isolate injurious agents. Blood vessels become more permeable and allow white blood cells to move into damaged tissue more easily.
Explain how inflammation protects the body
Elastic
Frame of the ear
3rd degree burn
Full thickness burn
Exocrine; endocrine
Glands that release their secretions via ducts onto a body surface are ____ glands, while glands that release their secretions into the blood are ____ glands
Dilation of blood vessels Increased capillary permeability
Identify the effects of chemical mediators released during the inflammatory response
Collagen
Identify the fiber type of connective tissue that is strong, flexible, and resists stretching.
Dense collagenous Reticular Dense elastic Adipose Areolar
Identify the types of connective tissue proper
Blood Hemopoietic tissue
Identify the types of fluid connective tissue.
Nonvascular
In regard to the presence of blood vessels, epithelial tissue is ______.
Exposure to sunlight leads to which of the following?
Increased melanin and darkening of the skin
Increased permeability of blood vessels
Increased movement of white blood cells from the blood to the damaged tissue
Vasodilation
Increases speed of delivery of white blood cells to damaged tissue
Macrophage
Ingests foreign and injured cells
Clotting
Isolates foreign particles and microorganisms from the rest of the body
Describe erythema.
It can be caused by emotions such as anger or embarrassment. It results from an inflammatory response. It may occur in response to exposure to the cold.
Subcutaneous tissue
Loose connective and adipose
Dermis
Loose connective and dense irregular The strongest layer of the skin is the ______.
Osteocytes
Maintain bone
Describe partial thickness burns.
May involve only the epidermis Are subdivided into first- and second-degree burns
stratum corneum
Most superficial layer of the Epidermis Which layer of the epidermis is composed of about 25 layers of dead keratinized cells?
pseudostratified epithelium
Multiple layers due to difference in cell height but are really one layer.
Elongated fibers (cells) that are specialized to contract
Muscular tissue consists of what type of cells or fibers?
Arrangement of dermal papillae
Name the feature of the skin that creates your fingerprints.
Sebum
Name the oily component of the secretion of the sebaceous glands.
Regeneration and Replacement
Name the two processes that result in the repair of injured tissue.
Muscle tissue
Of the four classes of tissues, the tissue that consists of elongated fibers that are specialized to contract in response to stimulation is
Mast cell
Releases chemicals in response to injury
Epidermis
Stratified squamous epithelium Layer associated with the integument that is avascular.
Neuron
The conducting cells of nervous tissue are called
Pseudostratified
The epithelial type that has both tall and short columnar cells, where not all reach the free surface, thus creating a false appearance of stratification, is ____ columnar epithelium.
Areolar tissue
The loose connective tissue that is the "loose packing" material of most organs and attaches epithelial tissue to deeper tissue is called
Histology
The microscopic study of tissues is called
Hyaline
Tip of the nose
Cardiac, skeletal, smooth
The three types of muscle tissue are
Regular
The type of connective tissue that helps to tightly bind bones together, resist stress, attach muscle to bone, and transfer muscular tension to bones is called dense
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
The type of epithelium that makes up the epidermis is ______.
Reticular protein
Thin collagen fibers coated with glycoprotein that form networks of fibers are called
Neurons
What are the conducting cells of nervous tissue?
Act as a barrier Secretion of substances
What are the functions of epithelial tissue?
Shape of epithelial cells Number of cell layers
What are the two criteria used to classify the different types of epithelial tissue?
Connective tissue proper
What class of connective tissue does areolar, adipose, dense collagenous and elastic collagenous represent?
Fluid connective tissue
What class of connective tissue does blood and hemopoietic tissue represent?
Supporting connective tissue
What class of connective tissue does bone and cartilage represent?
connective tissue
What class of tissue is comprised of widely spaced cells and abundant extracellular material?
Matrix
What is the extracellular material of a tissue called?
Framework for lymphatic organs
What is the function of reticular tissue?
Glia
What nervous tissue cells protect and insulate neurons?
Dense irregular
What type of connective tissue contains thick bundles of collagen that run in random directions?
Dense Regular
What type of connective tissue forms tendons that help to tightly bind bones together?
Adipose
What type of connective tissue is the storage location for triglycerides?
Reticular
What type of fibers form a spongelike framework for such organs as the spleen and lymph nodes?
Elastic fibers
What type of protein fibers account for the ability of the skin, lungs, and arteries to spring back after they are stretched?
Epithelial
What type of tissue covers body surfaces and lines body cavities? The type of tissue capable of continuous regeneration is?
Has a perichondrium
Which is a characteristic of cartilage?
Cardiac
Which muscle tissue is composed of cells which are branched, striated, uninucleate and under involuntary control?
Smooth
Which muscle tissue is composed of cells which are fusiform, uninucleate, nonstriated and under involuntary control?
Arteries, lungs
Which organs or structures are able to return to their original shape due to the presence of elastin fibers?
muscle
Which tissue can exert physical force on other tissues and organs?
neuroglial
Within nervous tissue, a variety of cell types that, as a group, are called ____ cells protect and insulate neurons
Cyanosis
bluish discoloration of the skin
Osteoclasts
break down bone
The cells in the most superficial layer of the skin are dead because _______.
cells die as they move away from their nutrient supply in the dermis
Cells in the stratum spinosum are nourished by blood vessels located in the ______.
dermis
2 types of sweat glands
eccrine and apocrine
Osteoblasts
form bone tissue
Fibroblasts
form fibrous connective tissue
1st degree burn
involves damage to the epidermis
Fibrocytes
maintain fibrous connective tissue
2 zones of dermis
papillary layer and reticular layer
Chondroblasts
produce cartilage
Melanin function
protection from UV radiation
Keratinocyte
reduce water loss
stratified epithelium
several layers of cells
simple epithelium
single layer of cells
Adipocytes
store lipids
layers of epidermis
stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum