Ch. 8 HW Quiz: Memory

________ is the activation of information that people already have in long-term memory storage; this can sometimes influence their actions and opinions without them being aware. A. Priming B. Procedural memory C. Episodic memory D. Skill memory

A. Priming

If I am looking at a snake and processing the fear caused by the snake, what part of my brain am I using? A. amygdala B. prefrontal cortex C. hippocampus D. cerebellum

A. amygdala

Which part of the brain is most involved in creating implicit memories? A. cerebellum B. amygdala C. hippocampus D. primary cortex

A. cerebellum

A public opinion poll was administered to 50 people before the election of President Barack Obama. Polls taken before election night showed 50% of the people polled believed Barack Obama would be elected president. After the election results, the same people were asked if they believed Barack Obama would be elected president, and this time 75% of the people said yes. This may be an example of ________ bias. A. hindsight B. egocentric C. transient D. stereotypical

A. hindsight

Dozens of people witness a purse snatching. One of the eyewitnesses loudly yells "the man with the blue shirt did it." Later, when questioned by police, several other eyewitnesses remember the purse snatcher wearing a blue shirt, even though the purse snatcher was a woman in flowered dress. This is an example of ________, or the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories. A. suggestibility B. recognition C. decay D. transience

A. suggestibility

What is episodic memory? A. our memories of books we've read, movies, tv shows, etc. B. information about events we have personally experienced C. type of implicit memory that stores information about how to do things D. knowledge about words, concepts, and language-based knowledge and facts

B. information about events we have personally experienced

Katya studies Spanish for three years, and then switches to Pashto. When asked to remember Spanish vocabulary she can't; instead she can only remember Pashto vocabulary. This is an example of ________ interference. A. proactive B. retroactive C. anterograde D. retrograde

B. retroactive

________ states that memory storage involves three separate systems: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. A. Parallel distributed processing (PDP) B. The Ebbinghaus curve C. The Atkinson-Shiffrin theory D. The triple-code hypothesis

C. The Atkinson-Shiffrin theory

When Benito was five he cut his leg on some glass and needed stiches. Years later, his mother mistakes his injury for one to his brother and tells him the scar came from being bit by a dog. Now, when people ask about his scar he distinctly remembers the dog biting him. This is an example of the ________. A. levels of processing B. equipotentiality C. misinformation effect D. proactive interference

C. misinformation effect

Chunking involves ... A. using Miller's framework for memory retrieval. B. quickly scanning information for relevant details. C. reorganizing large amounts of information into fewer, more meaningful, units. D. immediately forgetting relevant information.

C. reorganizing large amounts of information into fewer, more meaningful, units.

Which of the following pairs are INCORRECTLY matched? A. long-term memory : forever B. All of the other options are correct. C. sensory memory : 1 to 2 minutes D. short-term memory : 30 seconds without rehearsal

C. sensory memory : 1 to 2 minutes

Which of the following is not a way you can use what you know about memory to help you remember the names of all 50 states? A. memorize five states at a time—group the information into a more manageable size B. sing the names of the 50 states to the tune of "Happy Birthday" C. stay up the night before your exam to maximize the amount of time you have to study D. think of something you might do in each state if you were on a vacation in that state

C. stay up the night before your exam to maximize the amount of time you have to study

Which of the following is true of implicit memory? A. Implicit memory has two subsystems: episodic memory and semantic memory. B. Implicit memory is more easily forgotten than explicit memory. C. Implicit memory is also known as declarative memory. D. Implicit memory is related to nonconsciously remembering skills and sensory perceptions.

D. Implicit memory is related to nonconsciously remembering skills and sensory perceptions.

From a cognitive psychology perspective, why is getting plenty of sleep the night before an exam important? A good night of sleep inhibits the experience of retroactive interference. None of the other answer options are correct. It decreases the likelihood of experiencing transience of memories. It allows for consolidation of studied material in long-term memory.

D. It allows for consolidation of studied material in long-term memory.

The famous case of H.M. demonstrated ________ amnesia, a condition in which a person can remember previously encoded memories but cannot encode new ones. A. retroactive B. proactive C. retrograde D. anterograde

D. anterograde

Allie becomes very bored watching football games; she finds it very confusing watching all those players run around, and can't keep track of what's going on. Blake, however, has played football and learned various plays; he is able to consider several movements on the field as a single unit, so he is better able to understand what's going on. What do we call Blake's technique? A. separating B. grouping C. unifying D. chunking

D. chunking

Your memory of how to ride a bicycle is probably something that you don't actively think about while you're riding. You just sort of "do it" without thinking of how you do it. This is an example of a(n) ________ memory. A. semantic B. binary C. explicit D. implicit

D. implicit

Kenisha enjoys knitting. When she begins college, she has less time for knitting and finally stops altogether. After graduation, she wants to knit again, so she practices with her needles until she is good at it again. This is an example of ________, and is similar to _________________ in classical conditioning. A. the engram; extinction B. recall; generalization C. recognition; discrimination D. relearning; spontaneous recovery

D. relearning; spontaneous recovery

What kind of memory involves storage of brief events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes? A. retrieval B. procedural C. effortful D. sensory

D. sensory

Elaborative rehearsal involves ________. A. immediately applying new information to a practical problem B. sleeping immediately after learning new information to allow your mind to process it C. organizing information into manageable bits or chunks D. thinking about the meaning of new information and its relation to knowledge already in your memory

D. thinking about the meaning of new information and its relation to knowledge already in your memory