ch.7 section 4

Fungi

1. Are eukaryotes 2. have cell walls 3. are heterotrophs 4. use spores to reproduce 5. need moist warm places to grow

lichens

1.made of a fungus and an algae or autotrophic bacteria that live together in a mutualistic. 2. known as pioneer organisms because they are the first to appear after a volcanic eruption. 3. useful indicators of air pollution

fungi cell structure

Some unicellular some multicellular. cells arranged in structures called hyphae

budding

a form of asexual reproduction found in unicellular yeast cells. no spores are produced. instead, a small yeast cell grows from the body of a parent cell.

how fungi obtains food

absorbs food through hyphae. first, hyphae grow into a food source. second, digestive chemicals ooze from the hyphae into the food. Third, chemicals break down the food into small substances that can be absorbed by hyphae.

reproduction of fungi

by making spores that is surrounded by protective covering that can be carried easily through air or water.

fungi in recycling

decomposers, important in breaking down chemicals in dead plant matter, in doing so it returns important nutrients to the soil.

disease causing fungi

ex: athletes foot, ring worm. also many funguses attack crops.

sexual reproduction

fungi reproduce sexually when growing conditions become unfavorable. The hyphae of two fungi grow together and genetic material is exchanged. The spores develop into fungi different from the parent.

asexual reproduction

most fungi reproduce asexually when there is adequate moister and food. spores grow into fungi that is identical to parent

fungus plant root associations

most plants have fungal partners and it helps them grow larger and healthier.

disease fighting fungi

penicillium is a fungi used to make penicillin which is an antibiotic which kills bacteria.

fruiting bodies

reproductive structures where fungi produce spores

classification of fungi

sac fungi club fungi zygote fungi according to their reproductive structures.

hyphae

the branching thread like tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi. substances move quickly and freely through it. Its arrangement determines what a fungus looks like.

yeast

unicellular fungi. simplest form of fungi (dont have hyphae)

food and fungi

yeast, molds and mushrooms are important food sources. Yeast in breads, molds in cheeses, and mushrooms in food.