Chain of Infection
INFECTIONS -- Virus
smalled pathogens are intracellular parasites that take over the DNA or RNA of the invaded cell and are cannot be cured with antibiotics only palliative treatment -- treat symptoms
TYPES OF INFECTIONS -- LATENT INFECTIONS
Latent Infections is a persistent infection in which the symptoms cycle through periods of relapse and remission
INFECTIONS -- Rickettsia
Microorganisms that have characteristics of both bacteria and viruses but are larger than viruses so they can be viewed with a regular microscope. Transmitted by vectors
INFECTIONS -- INFLAMATORY RESPONSE
When trauma occurs to the body, it alerts protective mechanisms and the body responds in a predictable manner
INFECTIONS -- Bacteria
tiny, simple cells that produce diseases and can produce spores
INFECTIONS -- Protozoa
unicellular parasites transmitted by vectors bugs / animals
INFECTIONS -- IMMUNITIES
Humoral Immunity -- Produces Antibotics specific to antigen exposures
INFECTIONS -- INFLAMATION Signs and Symptoms
Inflamation Mediators (there are 3) 1. Histamine 2. Protaglandins 3. Kinins all three increase the WBCs at the site of injury
INFECTIONS -- INFLAMATION Signs and Symptoms
Inflamatory Responses: 1. Redness (erythema) 2. Edema (swelling) 3. Pain 4. Heat
CHAIN OF INFECTION (Transfer of Infection) (6 Steps)
1. Infectious Agent 2. Reservoir Host 3. Portal of Exit 4. Mode of Transmission 5. Port of Entry 6. Susceptible Host
CHAIN OF INFECTION (Pathogenic Agents or Microorganisms -- Infectious Agent) (5 Types)
1. Viruses 2. Bacteria 3. Protozoa 4. Fungi 5. Rickettsia
TYPES OF INFECTIONS -- ACUTE INFECTIONS
Acute Infections have a rapid onset of symptoms but last a relatively short time. The prodromal period is that time when the patient first exhibits vague, nonspecific symptoms of the disease
INFECTIONS -- IMMUNITIES
Cell Mediated Immunity -- Destroys Pathogens at the Site of phagocytosis -- site of entry
TYPES OF INFECTIONS -- CHRONIC INFECTIONS
Chronic Infections persist for a long period of time, sometimes for life and can be asymptomatic or without symptoms but the virus is dedtectible wwith blood tests
CHAIN OF INFECTIONS -- CONTACT
DIRECT CONTACT -- contact from an infected person or with discharges from an infected person such as feces or urine INDIRECT CONTACT -- transmission from droplets in the air expelled by coughing, speaking, sneezing, vectors, contaminated food or drink and contaminated objects (fomites)
INFECTIONS -- ABBREVIATIONS
OSHA -- Occupational Safety and Health Administration PPEs -- Personal Protective Equipment WBC -- White Blood Cells SHARPS -- needles and other sharp instruments CSF -- Cerebraospinal Fluid HSV -- Herpes Simplex Virus Types I and II HBV -- Hepatitis B Virus HCV -- Hepatitis C Virus ECP Exposure Control Plan MSDS -- Material Safety Data Sheet
TYPE OF INFECTIONS -- SLOW INFECTIONS
Slow Infections progress over very long periods and typically refer to viral infections of the brain
INFECTIONS -- CLEANING SOLUTIONS
The cheapest and most reliable solution for disinfection is the use of a 1:10 bleach solution.
INFECTIONS -- UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS
Treat all patients like they have an infectious disorder -- includes blood and all fluids -- protects both patients and health care workers prudent to do always
INFECTIONS -- Fungi
Unicellular or multicellular and include such organisms as mushrooms, molds and yeasts. Grow best in warm, moist environments
