chap 17 GR
what did merchant capitalists complain bitterly about
complained bitterly about their lack of control over rural labor because thier own livelihood depended on thier ability to meet orders on time
Within the family, the operation of the loom
Was considered a man's job reserved for the male head of the household
in the eighteenth century what did advocates for agricultural innovation argue.
advocates argued that innovating agriculturalist needed to enclose and consolidate scattered holdings into fenced-in fields.
What was a competitive advantage of the rural putting-out system?
an advantage was abundant underemployment labor, peasants and landless laborers worked for low wages
identify the cause for the industrious revolution
causes include households reducing leisure time,stepped up pace of work and redirected women and children labor away from production of goods for household consumption and toward wage worth.
Who provided the labor force for Britain's initial colonization of Australia?
convicted prisoners frocibly transported from britain, provided the lbor force from britains initial colonization of australia.
Wealthy Spanish landowners kept indigenous workers on their estates through a system of:
debt peonage
between 1700-1863 what happened to europes population.
europes population doubled in size
what was the belief at the center of adam smiths arguments in the wealth of nations
freedom of enterprise and free competition was the belief t the center of adam smiths arguments
From 1701 to 1763, what was at stake in the wars between Great Britain and France?
great britain and france were in war to decide which nation would become the leading maritime power and claim the profits of europes overseas expansion.
what can hollands leadership in farming methodology be attributed
hollands leadership can attribute to the dense population
what was he status of jews in european colonies in the eighteenth century
jews status was establishing mercantile communites . they were unequal with the christians but since they were white they could not be slaves
identify the wests largest and richest city
london was the wests largest and richest city
what was the out come of the proletarianization of peasants in the eigtheenth century.
peasant farmers became landless rural wage earners
in the eighteenth century what was the significance of the european public health measures
public health measures declined mortality
identify they regions that recieved a vast number of slaves from africa to the americas
region that recieved a vast number of slaves were brazil and carribean colonies
describe the role of women in guilds in the eigtheenth century
role of women in guilds was needlework and textile production
why did european slave traders. in africa adopt the "shore method" of trading in the eighteenth century
slave traders adopted the "shore method" because it was less expensive
who came to believe that their circumstances gave them different interest and characteristics from those in spain
teh colonial elite came to believe that thier circumstances gave them different interest than those in spain
in the eighteenth century where did the biggest increase in british foreign trade come from
the biggest increase in british foreign trade came from colonial exports
Why did the Dutch fail to maintain their dominance in Asia?
the dutch failed to maintain dominance in asia because they were unable to diversify to meet changing consumption had fierce competition from british
what was the result of the war of austrian sucsession
the seven years war
what led to more wars and likely fewer people in africa
the transatlantic slave trade led to more wars and fewer africans
How did the problem of food shortages change in the eighteenth century?
there was an increase in food supply of new foods (potatoes) introduced famines severity moderated.
What was Jethro Tull's contribution to English agriculture in the eighteenth century?
using selective breeding and the seed drill