Chap 4, Administering Parenteral Medications

A (hypotonic dehydration)

0.45% NaCl has been hung for which of the following conditions? A) hypotonic dehydration B) calorie replacement C) Gastric fluid loss due to nasogastric suctioning or vomiting D) hypernatremia

Most common (needle gauges)

20,21,23, and 25

1,1.5,21,23,90

A ___ to ____ inch needle is used for an intramuscular injection. The size of the needle is ___ to ___ gauge and the angle of the injection is _____°

5/8,25,45,90

A _______ inch needle is used for a subcutaneous injection. The size of the needle is ______ gauge and the angle of the injection is ______ to _____°.

3/8, 25,26,5,15

A ________ inch needle is used for an intradermal injection. The size of the needle is _____ to _____ gauge and the angle of the injection is _____ to _______°.

B (Thrombophlebitis)

A patient develops redness and edema at the IV site. You should report this as which of the following? A) Circulatory overload B) Thrombophlebitis C) Air embolism D) Local infiltration

D (Local Infiltration)

A patient with an intravenous solution has edema at the IV site. What complication of IV therapy do you suspect? A) speed shock B) air embolism C) pyrogenic reaction D) local infiltration

date, time, initials

After reconstituting a powdered drug in a multiple dose vial, write the _______, _________, and _________ on the label.

Date, Time, initials

After reconstituting a powdered drug in a multiple dose vial, write the _________, ________ and your ______ on the label.

Blood vessel

Aspiration is a safety measure to ensure the needle is not inserted into a _________ ___________.

Parts of a syringe

Barrel and plunger

air

Before drawing up a measured amount of medication from a vial, inject an equal amount of _____ into the vial.

Air

Before drawing up a measured amount of medication from a vial, inject an equal amount of ______ into the vial.

Parts of a needle

Bevel, point, lumen, shaft, hilt, gauge number, and hub

Intracellular, interstitial

Hypertonic solutions cause fluids to be pulled out of the _____ and _____ compartments into the blood vessels, raising serum osmolarity.

intracellular, interstitial

Hypertonic solutions cause fluids to be pulled out of the _____ and _________ compartments into the blood vessels, raising serum osmolarity.

sciatic

Injections in the buttock area must be placed very carefully to avoid the gluteal arteries and the __________ nerve.

Sciatic

Injections in the buttock area must be placed very carefully to avoid the gluteal arteries and the _____________ nerve.

Skin

Intradermal is injected into the ________

Deep Muscle

Intramuscular is injected into the _________ _________ layer.

Phlebitis

Redness, warmth, and discomfort along the vein are symptoms of _________.

Blood

Remove the needle, discard, and repeat the procedure if you find _________ when aspirating.

Subcutaneous

Sites include: anterior thigh, upper outer arm, abdomen, upper back under shoulder blades

Intradermal

Sites include: inner lower arm, upper chest, upper back under shoulder blades

Intramuscular

Sites include: vastus lateralis, deltoid, dorsogluteal, ventrogluteal (full name, not abbreviated)

Intravenous

Sites include: veins of arms and legs

Adipose Tissue

Subcutaneous is injected into the _______ ______ under the skin.

intravenous

The five classifications of _______ solutions are: colloid, hydrating, hypertonic-hyperosmolar, and blood or blood components.

tip

The front part of a syringe is called a _____

shaft

The long part of the needle is the ______

barrel

The middle part of a syringe that the plunger fits into is called the ___________

snapped

The neck of an ampule muse be _______ before use.

Snapped

The neck of an ampule must be _________ before use.

plunger

The part that inserts into the barrel of a syringe that pushes the medication through is called the _______

hub

The plastic part that the needle is connected to and fits onto the syringe is the _______

needle cover

The plastic sheath that covers the needle is called a __________ __________

Tuberculin

The type of syringe used for an intradermal injection is the _____________ syringe.

Parenteral Route

These are reasons for _________ ________ Certain drugs are destroyed by digestive enzymes Patients may not be able to swallow Patient may be nauseous or vomiting Patient may be unconscious Patient may have and obstruction

Insulin

This type of syringe comes in: U25,U30,U50, or U100

True

True or False: (Lactated Ringer) solution is administered with burns and gastrointestinal losses. If false, what is the correct answer.

True

True or False: (Potassium chloride) is a medication that may be irritating to the vein when infused intravenously. If false, what is the correct answer.

True

True or False: Dispose of injection equipment into a (puncture-resistant) container. If false, what is the correct answer.

False, hypotonic

True or False: The most common (hypertonic) intravenous solution is 0.45% NaCl. If false, what is the correct answer.

True

True or False: (Circulatory overload) occurs when too much of an IV solution is administered. If false, what is the correct answer.

A (iron dextran - Imferon)

What drug must you administer by Z-track intramuscular injection? A) Iron dextran - Imferon B) Meperidine - Demerol C) Enoxaparin - Lovenox D) Cobalamin - vitamin B12

IM (Injection Sites)

What type of injection site is this? Dorsogluteal, ventrogluteal, deltoid and vastus lateralis; 90° angle

ID (Injection Sites)

What type of injection site is this? Lower arm, upper chest, back between shoulder blades; 5° to 15° angle

Subcut (Injection Sites)

What type of injection site is this? Outer upper arm, front of thigh, abdomen, upper back below shoulder blades; 45° angle

up

When you are holding the needle and syringe at the proper angle to the skin, the bevel should be facing ____.

Up

When you are holding the needle and syringe at the proper angle to the skin, the bevel should be facing ______.

Indications

__________ of intravenous therapy are: *Fluid volume maintainence and replacement therapy *Patient is not allowed to have oral fluids or for a short period of time duringa minor surgical procedure *When a patient has suffered a loss of blood, body water, electrolytes, and nutrients.

Intravenous Therapy

administration of fluids, electrolytes, medications, blood, or nutrients through a vein

Acromion Process

an extension of the shoulder blade that can be felt at the point where the upper arm meets the shoulder; a landmark for locating the deltoid injection site

Tracking

backing up of medication in the channel through which a needle enters tissue

Hub

broad part of an injection needle that attaches to the syringe

Necrosis

death of tissue in a living body

Syringe

device used to inject or withdraw fluids from the body; consists of a plunger, barrel, and hub

Gauge(G)

diameter (width) of the lumen of a needle; the smaller the gauge number, the wider the lumen; selection of gauge depends on the viscosity of the solution to be injected

Flange

flared part of a syringe barrel; used to steady the syringe while pulling or pushing the plunger

Induration

hardening of a tissue caused by inflammation or edema

Iliac Crest

highest point on the hip bone; one landmark used to locate the ventrogluteal injection site

Barrel

hollow cylinder with graduated markings on it that makes up the body of a syringe

Lumen

hollow part of a needle through which medication flows

Greater Trochanter

knob on the upper leg bone (femur) that can be felt where the leg joins the hip; one of the landmarks used for locating the dorsogluteal injection site

Gluteal Arteries

large arteries that supply the muscles of the buttock area

Sciatic Nerve

largest nerve in the body; pierces the buttocks and runs down the back of the thighs

Viscous

liquids that are thick and sticky

Aqueous

liquids that are thin and watery

Abscess

localization of pus in any part of the body

Z-Track

method of injection that minimizes tissue irritation by sealing the drug within muscle tissue

Plunger

plastic rod of a syringe that fits inside the barrel and pushes medication out under pressure

Standard Precautions

primary strategies for prevention of infection transmitted through blood, body fluid, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes

Needle Cover

protective cover on a disposable injection needle; never put it back on the needle after administration

Sloughing

shedding of dead tissue from a wound or sore

Precipitate

solid particles that separate out from a solution as a result of a chemical reaction

Shaft

the long portion of a needle that extends from the point to the hub and through which the medication passes

Reconstituting

the process of adding the recommended amount of fluid to dissolve; usually with a powdered drug

Aspirate

to draw by suction; the process of pulling back on a syringe plunger to check for entry into a blood vessel during an injection