Chapter 1: Overview of Graphic Communications

List five examples of products that are printed in the graphic communications industry

(combination of 5) - textbooks - manuals - magazines - journals - printed advertisement - books - newspaper - greeting cards - packages - stamps - labels - fabrics - order forms

What are the eight segments of the graphic communications industry?

- book printing - newspaper printing - package printing - financial printing - forms printing - in-plant printing - periodical printing - commercial printing

What are the five major printing processes in the graphic communications industry?

- relief - porous - impactless - intaglio - planography

What are the steps of binding?

1) Scoring - creasing of a heavier sheet of material to assist in folding 2) Folding 3) Gathering - bringing several signatures together in proper order 4) Collating - placing pages in correct sequence 5) Stitching - a stapling process by which pages of a signature are held together 6) Trimming - cutting of the material after printing to produce even edges

Any material on which printing can be done is called a(n) ________.

Substrate

What is embossing?

A finishing process that produces a raised design on paper or other material

Which of the following is the most common way of generating copy for printing? A. Computer B. Hot type C. Scanning D. Photocomposing

A. Computer

Why are graphic images considered important compared to verbal communication?

Because with verbal communication you can completely misinterpret the message or forget it

Which of the following is not a process color used in printing a full-color photograph? A. Magenta B. Yellow C. Green D. Cyan

C. Green

_____ printing uses ink viscosity, rather than a dampening solution, to keep the image and nonimage areas of a plate separate. A. Impactless B. Screen C. Waterless D. Flexographic

C. Waterless

_____ is a term that refers to the exchange of information in any form.

Communications

Which platemaking method uses an image setter to prepare the plate?

Computer-to-plate (CTP)

_____ assures that the printed image conveys the intended message

Design

True or False? Line art is a type of drawing consisting of continuous tones?

False

The _____ segment of the graphic communications industry consists of plants that are designed primarily to print magazines.

periodical printing

What process is usually used in book production?

web-fed offset lithography

Explain the term 'halftone'

A screened photo made up of tiny dots to mock the look of a continuous tone when printed

The process of joining together multiple pages of a printed product by various means is called _____. A. Binding B. Scoring C. Folding D. Trimming

A. Binding

_____ is the process of bonding plastic film to a sheet of paper to protect its surface and improve its appearance.

Lamination

True or False? One one separation is needed to produce a four-color illustration.

False

In your own words, describe the following types of printing: flexography, gravure, screen printing, impactless printing.

Flexography is a relief printing process that uses flexible plates. Gravure is an intaglio printing process where the image carrier is a cylinder. Screen printing is a type of porous printing where ink is forced through a screen mesh. Impactless printing is where there is no pressure needed between the image carrier and substrate.

_____ is a term that describes the things that we see.

Graphic

Explain the difference between the terms 'graphic communications' and 'printing'

Graphic communications is the message and printing is the process where you print the message on something.

What type of printing is ink-jet printing?

Impactless printing

What segment of the graphic communications industry is responsible for printing owner's manuals, repair manuals, and parts lists?

In-plant printing

Explain the process of electronic page composition

The initial design is made with thumbnail sketches. Then a rough layout is made; an actual size visual that shows the space for type & position of the illustrations. Then the detailed sketch shows the style, size, & format. Then the text, line art, & photos, in digital form, are arranged to make the design.

What are specifications?

They are guidelines used to determine the format and cost of the final product

What are the two basic types of presses used in printing?

Web-fed and Sheet-fed

What is numbering?

a finishing process of printing numbers in sequence on each piece

What is perforating?

a finishing process that cuts a series of holes or slits in the stock to allow part of it to be torn off easily (exp. coupons)

What is die-cutting?

a finishing process that uses rulers or blades to cut paper or other sheet materials into designs

What is stamping?

a finishing process where the application of a metal foil to almost any type of material, such as leather, paper, or cloth

What is photoconversion?

a general term for processes that use light to place the original image onto a light-sensitive material

_____ is the printing process used most extensively in the commercial printing segment of the graphic communications industry.

offset lithography

Name at least three steps that are considered part of the binding process

combination of 3 out of 6 -folding -scoring -gathering -collating -stitching -trimming

Material with gradations of tones or shades from light to dark is called _____ copy.

continuous tone

What are the two types of images that make up most printed products?

copy and artwork

What are the two classifications of editing?

copy and content editing

What are the common finishing operations?

embossing die-cutting stamping punching drilling round cornering padding perforating numbering lamination coating

Various processes that enhance the final printed product are considered _____ operations.

finishing

What are the two types of relief printing?

flexography and letterpress

An electronic _____ is used to convert the light and dark values of the original to digital form and store the image as an electronic file.

scanner

A quote lists the _____ and ______ for production of printed goods and services.

price; quantities

A(n) _____ is a traditional piece of equipment used to make enlargements, reductions, and same-size reproductions for use in page composition or stripping.

process camera

What subdivision of commercial printing specializes in rapidly completing short-run printing and photocopying work?

quick printing

What is coating?

taking a type of varnish (gloss, matte, etc.) to "coat" a specific part of the page to attract attention to the area usually

What is the difference between copy and lineart?

the copy is the written material in a printed product while line art is a type of visual artwork.