Chapter 10
If a sprinkler system is to be supplied at the fire department connection and no specific information is available, the general guideline is to discharge _____ into the FDC.
150 psi
To create an effective fire stream during drafting operations, a lift of no greater than _____ is recommended.
20 feet
In order for a pumper to approach its rated capacity using a traditional strainer, there must be at least _____ of water over the strainer.
24 inches
Explain the difference between a forward lay and a reverse lay.
A forward lay involves laying the hose from the fire hydrant to the fire location and a reverse lay involves laying the hose from the fire scene to the water source.
When shutting down a drafting operation, why should the positive displacement primer be operated for several seconds until primer oil or fluid comes out of discharge from the priming pump?
Aids in lubrication of priming pump
Which is the MOST likely problem during drafting if the discharge pressure gauge begins to fluctuate with a corresponding loss of vacuum on the intake gauge?
Air is coming into the pump along with water
What is the purpose of a four-way hydrant valve in making a lay?
Allows a second arriving pumper to be connected without interrupting the flow of water to the original supply line
Which is the MOST important factor in choosing a draft site?
Amount of water available
What is the most common cause of an inability to prime?
An air leak that prevents primer from developing enough vacuum to successfully draft water
What residual pressure should be maintained on the master intake gauge during pumping operations when operating from a pressurized supply source?
At least 20 psi (140 kPa)
What is used to prevent the pump from overheating during fire attack if water is not flowing for an extended period of time?
Booster cooling valve
From what location is the procedure for making the pump operational performed for most apparatus?
Cab of the vehicle
During drafting operations, what can occur when water is being discharged faster than it is coming into the pump?
Cavitation
What can occur when pumping at a low residual pressure while being supplied by other apparatus?
Cavitation of the pump
Which is a step the driver/operator takes when transitioning to an external water supply?
Connect supply line into an appropriate intake of the fire pump
Which is a characteristic of "dead end mains" when referring to hydrants?
Contain higher amounts of sediment and deterioration
After a drafting site has been selected, which is a step in connecting to the pump?
Couple strainer and required lengths of hose and make them airtight.
Which determines the additional water available from a hydrant?
Difference between static pressure and residual pressure
Which standpipe system must be charged with water from a source such as the fire department pumper?
Dry pipe systems
When should occupancies with automatic sprinkler systems be identified?
During preincident planning
Which hose lay is made from the hydrant to the fire location?
Forward lay
When initiating standpipe operations, why should fire attack crews bring attack lines when house hose is installed?
House hose has not been manufactured or tested to the same standard as fire department hose.
Which is an indication that a pump is cavitating?
Lack of reaction on the pressure gauge to increases in the throttle
What should a driver/operator do immediately upon indication that the water supply or pumping ability may be unattainable or interrupted?
Notify officer or Incident Commander
Who should a driver/operator notify if there is an indication that the water supply or pumping ability may be unattainable or interrupted?
Officer or Incident Commander
When drafting, what should be done when positioning the intake hose if the bottom slopes steeply from the water's edge?
Place a roof ladder in the water and lay intake hose on it.
What should be done if priming has not been achieved within the acceptable time period for a particular situation?
Priming attempt should be stopped and the problem traced
Where is a driver/operator MOST likely to find suggested discharge pressures for a sprinkler system?
Printed on a plate at the FDC
What should be done each time nonpotable water is pumped through an apparatus?
Pump and piping should be thoroughly flushed with fresh water soon afterwards.
Which hose lay is made from the fire to the water source?
Reverse lay
Which hose lay would be used when the driver/operator first reports to an incident location in order to size up the scene before laying a supply line?
Reverse lay
Which is the first consideration in establishing a drafting operation?
Site selection
What should be done first when preparing to shut down a drafting operation?
Slowly decrease engine speed to idle
Which method is used to determine additional water available from a hydrant?
Squaring-the-lines method
Which statement about hydrant selection is MOST accurate?
The closest hydrants may not be the most prudent choice because of safety or fire fighting needs.
Which is the MOST likely scenario if a supply line loses water but the supply line is intact?
The hydrant or water main has failed.
Which is the MOST likely scenario if a supply line that was charged suddenly loses water
The supply line has burst.
Which statement about dry pipe systems is MOST accurate?
They must be charged with water from a source such as the fire department pumper.
When shutting down the hydrant, why should all changes in flow be made smoothly?
To avoid water hammer and pressure surges on water systems
If water is not flowing for an extended period of time during fire attack, why might a circulator, bypass, or booster cooling valve be opened on a pump?
To prevent the pump from overheating
How does water temperature affect drafting?
Water temperatures may adversely impact the ability of the pump to reach capacity.
When is residual pressure shown on the intake gauge of a pumper that is connected to a hydrant?
When a pumper is discharging water
Which BEST describes when the driver/operator is ready to operate the pump to generate sufficient pressure to create an effective fire stream?
When the fire pump has been made operational
Which problem is MOST likely to cause an inability to prime?
Which problem is MOST likely to cause an inability to prime?
The two basic pressurized water supply sources are a fire hydrant and:
a supply hose from another pumper.
The process of making a fire pump operational begins:
after the apparatus is properly positioned and the parking brake is set.
If an apparatus features a vacuum-type primer, the engine rpm should be kept:
as low as possible without causing the engine to stall.
When a dry standpipe system is charged, water will be discharged:
at all points where caps are off and valve is open.
When supporting standpipe operations, fire attack crews should:
bring attack lines to initiate standpipe operations.
After transitioning to an external water supply, the driver/operator should:
close the tank-to-pump valve.
In drafting operations, the amount of friction in the intake hose is MOST affected by the:
diameter and length of the hose.
Most apparatus are designed so that the procedure for making the pump operational is performed:
entirely from the cab of the vehicle.
It is recommended that wheels be chocked:
every time the driver/operator exits the cab.
An inability to prime is MOST likely caused by:
insufficient fluid in the priming reservoir.
If discharge flow volume is increased too much when operating from a pressurized water source:
intake pressure from the supply source may be reduced to a point that may damage the pump.
During drafting operations, the ability to overcome losses in pressure is:
limited to atmospheric pressure at sea level.
Wet standpipe systems that contain water under pressure:
may be used as soon as the hoseline is stretched and the valve opened.
When the pump is in operation, the driver/operator must:
monitor all gauges associated with the engine as well as with the operation of the fire pump.
When priming the pump and beginning drafting operations, a two-stage pump:
must have the transfer valve in the parallel (volume) position.
During pumping operations, driver/operators should maintain a residual pressure on the master intake gauge:
of at least 20 psi (140 kPa).
The automatic water supply for a sprinkler system is designed to supply:
only a fraction of total fire sprinklers at any given time.
When a pumper is discharging water, the intake gauge displays:
residual pressure.
After successfully priming the pump, the throttle setting should:
slowly be increased before attempting to open any discharges.
Friction loss in standpipes is generally:
small unless flow is very large.
When a pumper is connected to a hydrant and not discharging water, pressure shown on intake gauge is:
static pressure.
One indication that a pump is cavitating is that:
the pump itself may make noises described as sounding like gravel passing through the pump.
The water supply from an onboard water tank is:
the sole source of supply for many incidents.
In general, pumps supplying a relay operation or master stream are used to supply large amounts of water, and therefore require:
use of a parallel (volume) setting of the transfer valve.
During drafting operations, what are the main considerations when selecting a drafting site?
· Amount of water available · Type or quality of water · Accessibility of water
During drafting operations, what are the three primary factors that determine friction loss in the intake hose?
· Diameter and length of the hose · Intake strainer · Any adapters in use
When a supply line that has been charged suddenly loses water during drafting operations, what are some possible causes?
· Supply line may have burst · A vehicle may have parked on it · A hydrant or water main may have failed A portable folding tank or tender may need to be replenished
