Chapter 11: Voting and Participation

What is the most common form of political participation in the U.S.? a. voting b. making financial donations to campaigns c. working for a party or candidate d. attending a political meeting

voting

economic model of voting wherin citizens weigh the benefits of voting against the costs in order to take the most personally beneficial course of action

rational voting

Oregon has had a very high rate of voting, in part due to its _______________________ system of voting, which enables voters to avoid long lines at the polling booth.

vote-by-mail

method of voting in an election whereby ballots are distributed to voters by mail, and voters complete and return the ballots by mail

vote-by-main system

lack of interest in voting and in politics generally

voter apathy

enrollment required prior to voting to establish eligibility

voter registration

Around what age does voter turnout peak in the United States? a. 45 b. 60 c. 25 d. 30

60

Which president needed to call upon federal troops to remove protesting army veterans from Washington? a. Herbert Hoover b. Bill Clinton c. George W. Bush d. Franklin D. Roosevelt

Herbert Hoover

Which Supreme Court case outlawed the practice of the white primary? a. California Democratic Party v. Jones b. Griswold v. Connecticut c. Smith v. Allwright d. Marbury v. Madison

Smith v. Allwright

Ironically, which state elected Joseph Rainey, the first African American member of the House of Representatives? a. West Virginia b. South Carolina c. Virginia d. North Carolina

South Carolina

right to vote; also called suffrage

franchise

Which historical protest involved the dumping of tea in opposition to the British government-backed monopoly? a. Tea Party Rally b. Shays's Rebellion c. Boston Tea Party d. Watts Riots

boston tea party

social forces that binds a person to actively participate in public and political life

civic duty

concern for the well-being of society and the nation as a whole

civic interest

Which of the following forms of political participation is continuing to rise dramatically, especially in the last decade? a. communicating directly with members of Congress b. recruiting for a political party c. working for a political candidate d. attending political meetings

communicating directly with members of Congress

In which type of voting system are citizens required by law to vote? a. compulsory voting b. preferential voting c. proxy voting d. plurality voting

compulsory voting

practice that requires citizens to vote in elections or face punitive measures such as community service, fines, or imprisonment

compulsory voting

According to the ___________ model, citizens consider the costs and benefits of voting; when the benefits exceed the costs, they turn out to vote.

economic

extent to which people believe their actions can affect public affairs and the actions of government

efficacy

Which amendment extended voting rights to African American males? a. Twelfth b. Nineteenth c. Fifteenth d. Eleventh

fifteenth

cycle whereby young generations replace older generations in the electorate

generational replacement

the concept of _____________________________ describes a trend in which older voters who pass away are replaced in the electorate by less reliable young voters.

generational replacement

election rules that exempted people from difficult literacy and interpretation tests for voting if their grandfathers had been eligible to vote

grandfather clauses

corrupt practice of using a dead person's name to cast a ballot in an election

graveyard voting

in the ________________ model, voting is understood to be shaped by the rules of the system, by political party behavior, by the ways candidates run their campaigns, and by the context of the election.

institutional

model of voting that focuses on the context of the election, including whether it is close and whether the rules encourage or discourage participation

institutional model

How does the average rate of voter turnout in the U.S. compare to that of other democracies? a. It is lower. b. It is much higher. c. It is slightly higher. d. It is about the same.

it is lower

southern laws that established strict segregation of the races and gave their name to the segregation era

jim crow

Which approach views participation in elections as a product of citizens' attitudes about the political system? a. institutional b. economic c. genetic d. psychological

psychological

required potential voters to prove they could read, and were applied differently to whites and blacks.

literacy tests

tests requiring reading and interpretation skills in order to vote

literacy tests

tax on voting; prohibited by the twenty-fourth amendment (1964)

poll taxes

The National Voter Registration Act did which of the following? a. required states to allow absentee ballots so voters could vote by mail b. required states to allow voters to register when they apply for or renew their driver's licenses c. required states to remove ineligible voters from their rolls d. required states to register all eligible voters, though the states could define "eligible"

required states to allow voters to register when they apply for a renew their driver's licenses

concern for one's own advantage and well-being

self-interest

right to vote; also called franchise

suffrage

Which women's suffrage advocate was arrested after her attempt to vote in 1872? a. Eleanor Roosevelt b. Elizabeth Cady Stanton c. Susan B. Anthony d. Victoria Claflin Woodhull

susan b. anthony

How do the Jeffersonian and Hamiltonian models of participation compare? a. Both the Jeffersonian and the Hamiltonian models held equality and citizen participation as important political values. b. The Jeffersonian Model held equality as an important political value, whereas the Hamiltonian Model emphasized efficient and effective outcomes. c. The Hamiltonian Model held equality as an important political value, whereas the Jeffersonian Model emphasized efficient and effective outcomes. d. Both the Jeffersonian and Hamiltonian models placed emphasis on efficient and effective outcomes, favoring a larger role for elites.

the Jeffersonian model held equality as an important political value, whereas the Hamiltonian model emphasized efficient and effective outcomes

Which of the following is true when it comes to the role of the Constitution and the states in regards to elections? a. The Constitution divides the responsibility for holding elections relatively equally between the federal government and the states. b. The Constitution is very specific about the dominant role of the federal government in holding elections, and the states play a limited role. c. The Constitution is nearly silent on the rules about voting in elections, leaving such choices to the states. d. The Constitution includes guidelines for all state and national elections, and requires the national government to establish eligibility requirements for the states.

the constitution is nearly silent on the rules about voting in elections, leaving such choices to the states

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between income and voting? a. The higher one's income, the more likely one is to vote. b. Those with a high income and those with a low income are equally likely to vote. c. The lower one's income, the more likely one is to vote. d. Those who represent the annual median family income in the U.S. are most likely to vote.

the higher one's income, the more likely one is to vote

The voting-age population measure has been in error, it is argued, because it does not take into account increases in the number of immigrants and convicted felons who are ineligible to vote. What new measure corrects for these trends? a. the voting-eligible population b. the legal voter c. the adjusted voter d. the available voter

the voting-eligible population

Roughly how many college-educated people vote in elections? a. one-third b. three-fourths c. one-half d. one-quarter

three-fourths

In recent years, after voting, what has been the most common nonvoting form of political participation in the United States? a. giving money to campaigns b. trying to influence others' votes c. working for a party or candidate d. attending political meetings

trying to influence others' votes

share all eligible voters who actually cast ballots

turnout

Which amendment set the voting age at 18? a. First b. Twenty-Sixth c. Nineteenth d. Second

twenty-sixth

used to calculate the rate of participation by dividing the number of voters by the number of people in the country who are 18 and over

voting-age population

used to calculate the rate of participation by driving the number of voters by the number of people in the country who are eligibe to vote rather than just of voting age

voting-eligible population

election rules that prohibited blacks from voting in democratic primaries

white primary