chapter 12

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amicus curiae

"Friend of the court," briefs coming from individuals, interest groups, or government agencies claiming to have information useful of the Court's consideration of the case

stare decisis

A Latin phrase meaning "stand by past decisions," a principle that judges often use in deciding cases. Ruling based on precedents.

per curiam opinion

A brief, unsigned opinion issued by the Supreme Court to explain its ruling

majority opinion

Expresses the views of the majority of the justices on a case

writ of certiorari

Order by the Supreme Court directing a lower court to send up the records of a case for review

judicial review

Power of US Supreme Court to declare an act of the President, Congress, or state unconstitutional

precedent

a model on which to base later decisions or actions

advisory opinion

a ruling on a law or action that has not been challenged

brief

a written statement setting forth the legal arguments, relevant facts, and precedents supporting one side of a case

bloc

coalition that promotes a common interest

impound

refuse to spend

swing vote

the deciding vote

dissenting opinion

the opinion expressed by the a minority of justices in a court case


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