Chapter 12
Tony has been drinking heavily at the bar and is drunk. Before going home, his friends give him a big cup of strong black coffee. After drinking the coffee, Tony can expect
B. the effects of alcohol to possibly worsen
Which of the following has the weakest stimulatory effect?
B. theobromine
The "gin epidemic" in England is considered to have been moderated by the popularity of
A. coffee houses
Xanthine-based medications are prescribed for the treatment of
A. congestive heart failure
Symptoms of caffeinism can resemble symptoms of a
A. heart attack
Adenosine is a(n) ___ neurotransmitter.
A. inhibitory
Theophyline is a preferred antiasthma medication to caffeine because
A. it has a stronger bronchodialting effect
Chocolate liquor is made up of
A. melted cocoa butter
The elimination half-life of caffeine in newborns is longer than adults because
A. newborns lack the enzyme that breaks down caffeine
Polyphenols are
A. plentiful in green tea and, to a lesser degree, black or pekoe tea
The major component of cocoa butter is a fatty acid called
A. stearic acid
Analogy: Coffee is to caffeine as
A. tea is to theophylline and caffeine
A one-ounce piece of milk chocolate contains about ___ milligrams of caffeine and a quantity of 44 mg of __.
B. 6; theobromine
Which of the following nations is a leading exporter of cocoa beans to the United States?
B. Indonesia
Some anitasthma medications contain a combination of theophyline and
B. a compound that helps theophyline absorption
Adenosine is
B. a inhibitory neurotransmitter
The individual most likely to be kept from going to sleep after ingesting caffeine would be
B. a nondrinker of coffee
Once chocolate liquor hardens, cocoa butter is removed by
B. a screw process
The DSM-IV TR manual recognizes caffeinism-like symptoms under this term.
B. acyte caffeine intoxication
Headaches caused by caffeine withdrawal occur due to
B. an increase in blood flow to the head
In effect, xanthines produce effects that
B. are the opposite from the effects of adenosine
The stimulating effect is approximately the same with equal amounts of
B. caffeine and theophyline
The clearest example of tolerance to the effect of caffeine is observed with respect to
B. cardiovascular responses
It is possible that research linking caffeine to heart disease in heavy coffee drinkers may actually not be due to caffeine, but rather due to
B. cigarette smoking
During the 1700s, __ helped moderate the widespread drunkenness in England.
B. coffee houses
Since 2001, the fastest growing segment of the soft drink market has been
B. colas or noncolas with a high level of caffeine
Chinese records indicate that the discoverer of tea was the same individual who
B. discovered ephedrine and marijuana
Mountain Dew is an example of
B. highly caffeinated noncola
Coffee houses in the 18th-century England were popular with
B. intellectuals
Women in late stages of pregnancy eliminate caffeine from their systems
B. more slowly than normal
Before the end of the 19th century the Chinese traded their tea with the British in exchange for
B. opium
By the standard if historical records, the world's oldest caffeine-containing beverage is
B. tea
Which of the following nations is a major importer of coffee?
D. United States
All of the following effects are observed as a result of caffeine withdrawal EXCEPT for
D. a tingling in the fingers
Robusta beans
D. all of the above
The ingestion of highly caffeinated energy drinks as mixers with alcohol
D. all of the above
According to the text, polyphenols may help prevent
D. all of the above (certain forms of cancer, heart disease, inflammatory disease)
Which of the following people would most benefit from a caffeine-free diet?
D. all of the above (pregnant women, those with a history of panic attacks, the elderly)
Coffee consumption began to dominate over tea consumption in the early history of the United States largely because
D. anti-British sentiment was associated with tea-drinking
Based upon current research, there is no association between caffeine and
D. bot A and B (the appearance of fibrocystic lesions, the development of infertility in women)
Analogy: Cocoa bean pods are to chocolate as coca leaves are to
D. cocaine
Most often, ___beans are used in the production of decaffeinated coffee.
D. coffea robusta
Adenosine produces all of the following effects excpet
D. dilation of bronchial passageways
Strangely enough, xanthines act upon plants as a natural
D. insecticide
Caffeine's effect on the urinary excretion of calcium increases the risk of
D. osteoporosis in the elderly
Which of the following condition has NOT been treated using caffeine?
D. panic attacks
Which of the following is NOT a natural source of caffeine?
D. sugar
The most striking cases in which caffeine improves performance are in tasks
D. that are boring and repetitive
The first recorded use of coffee beans came from
D. the Arab world
The primary method for decaffeination today is
D. the water method
The original coffee bean plant, as far as Westerners are concerned, is called
A. Coffea arabica
The first European to be introduce to chocolate was
A. Hernando Cortes
Which of two nations are the top tea consumers in the world?
A. Ireland and Great Britain
An example of a caffeinated noncola soft drink is
A. Mountain Dew
___ is the nation with the world's highest per capita consumption of soft-drinks.
A. The United States
___ constitute the family of stimulant compounds in which caffeine belongs.
A. Xanthines
According to the text, caffeine is a(n)___ inhibitor.
A. adenosine
Coffee became the American national drink in the 19th century especially after 1830 because
A. alcohol consumption was on the decline
Three to seven hours after drinking coffee
A. approximately half of it still remains in the bloodstream
In general, what is NOT affected by the ingestion of caffeine?
A. behavioral consequences of alcohol intoxication
Fibrocystic lesions are
A. benign lumps in the breasts
The xanthine content in coffee includes
A. caffeine only
Milton Hershey decided in 1903 to build his famous chocolate factory in
A. central Pennsylvania
Milk chocolate is made by combining
A. cocoa butter, cocoa liquor, milk, sugar, and vanilla
Approximately 70 percent of the world's coffee production comes from
A. coffea arabica
The caffeine content of a five-ounce cup of coffee is in the neighborhood of ___ milligrams, with instant coffee having___.
B. 100; less
Caffeine levels peak in the bloodstream in ___ hour(s), and reactions in the central nervous system peak in about ___ hour(s).
B. 1; 2
The lethal dose of caffeine in the adult ranges from
B. 5,000 to 10,000 milligrams
The lowest dose of caffeine on record that has been fatal in an adult human is
C. 3,200 mg
Caffeine from a cup of coffee or tea is absorbed
C. 30 to 60 minutes after drinking
The tea plant is referred to as
C. Camellia sinensis
Brazil is the source of
C. Coffea arabica and coffea robusta
Iced tea was introduced to the United States at the___.
C. Louisiana Purchase Exposition in 1904
The nation having the highest per capita chocolate consumption is (are)
C. Switzerland
According to the text, which of the following has the most caffeine content?
C. Twinning's English Breakfast tea
The first application of coffee beans was as
C. a stimulant
Caffeine in caffeinated soft drinks is
C. added by the manufacturer during production
Today's teas are dominated by commercial blends of
C. black tea leaves from India and Sri Lanka
Cocoa butter can separate from a milk chocolate mixture
C. but it is safe to eat
Hip fractures among the elderly are increased in frequency as a result of
C. caffeine intake from coffee or tea
Tolerance caffeine can generally be observed in terms of
C. cardiovascular changes
The effects of caffeine on the brain begin at the level of the
C. cerebral cortex
After 1830, as alcohol consumption ___, coffee consumption___.
C. decreased; increased
Eighty percent of the tea consumed in the United States is
C. iced tea
Typical doses of caffeine can sometimes be disruptive to users
C. in tasks that require motor coordination
The phrase. "a cup of java", comes from the fact that
C. java was the original source for the Robusta species of coffee bean
Currently, caffeine consumption is suspected to be linked to
C. low birthweight and miscarriage
Over-the-counter caffeine medications sold as stimulants contain caffeine levels roughly equivalent to
C. one-third cup to two cups of regular coffee
Caffeine increases the risk of Parkinson's disease in
C. post-menopausal women taking replacement estrogen
The current per capita consumption of coffee in the United States
C. ranks below most European countries
The major difference between chocolate preparations made by Aztecs in 1500 and chocolate preparations made by Europeans in 1800 was the addition of
C. sugar
Tolerance effect for caffeine can be observed with dosage levels as low as 100 milligrams when
C. the coffee drinkers are in the laboratory
Xanthine-based medication are effective in treating asthma because
C. they dilate bronchial passageways
An increases risk of cardiovascular disease due to caffeine consumption is more likely
C. when consumption levels are very high
The best way of describing caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline is as
C. xanthines
The total xanthine content of a one-ounce piece of chocolate is roughly equivalent to
D. 10 milligrams of caffeine
Smokers eliminate caffeine ___ percent faster than non-smokers.
D. 100
While it may be observed at a lower dose level, caffeinism is most frequently observed with a dosage of
D. 1000 milligrams
A five-ounce cup of medium brewed tea contains approximately __ milligrams of caffeine with a __ amount of theophyline.
D. 60; relatively smaller
Analogy: Tea is to China as coffee is to
D. Arabia
