Chapter 12

Drive

A drive is an "excitatory state produced by a homeostatic disturbance", an instinctual need that has the power of driving the behaviour of an individual.

Instinct

an innate typically fixed pattern of behavior in animals in response to certain stimuli.

Cognitive Theory

Cognitive psychology is the study of mental processes such as "attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and thinking."

Expectancy Value Theory

Expectancy-value theory was originally created in order to explain and predict individual's attitudes toward objects and actions. Originally the work of psychologist Martin Fishbein, the theory states that attitudes are developed and modified based on assessments about beliefs and values.

Hunger

In contrast Satiety is the absence of hunger; it is the sensation of feeling full.

Drive Reduction Theory

In learning theory, drive reduction theory is a type of motivational theory. Drive Reduction Theory, developed by Clark Hull in 1943, was the first theory for motivation. According to such theorists as Clark Hull and Kenneth Spence, drive reduction is a major cause of learning and behavior.

Incentive

Incentive theory is one of the major theories of motivation and suggests that behavior is motivated by a desire for reinforcement or incentives.

Fundamental needs

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychologyproposed by Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in PsychologicalReview. Maslow subsequently extended the idea to include his observations of humans' innate curiosity.

Opponent Process Theory

Opponent-process theory is a psychological and neurological model that accounts for a wide range of behaviors, including color vision.

Instinct theory

The Instinct Theory of Motivation views biological or genetic programming as the cause of motivation.

James-Lange Theory

The James-Lange theory refers to a hypothesis on the origin and nature of emotions and is one of the earliest theories of emotion within modern psychology. It was developed independently by two 19th-century scholars, William James and CarlLange.

Incentive theory

The incentive theory is one of the major theories of motivation and suggests that behavior is motivated by a desire for reinforcement or incentives.

Emotion

emotion is often defined as a complex state of feeling that results in physical and psychological changes that influence thought and behavior.

Lateral hypothalamus

is a part of the hypothalamus gland and is the portion that controls hunger.

Need

is a psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a goal, giving purpose and direction to behavior.

Intrinsic motivation

performing an action or behavior because you enjoy the activity itself.

Extrinsic motivation

refers to behavior that is driven by external rewards such as money, fame, grades, and praise. This type of motivation arises from outside the individual

Homeostasis

refers to this tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state that is optimal for functioning

Ventromedial hypothalamus

stimulated, causes you to feel hunger

Motivation

the various psychological and physiological factors that cause us to do certain things.