Chapter 13-2 and 13-3 Biology
Bioprocess Technology
When microorganisms are provided with nutrients and advantageous conditions in which to grow, they can perform a process such as the breakdown of waste at treatment sites, or produce a product
Sticky Ends
When restriction enzymes make a staggered cut of DNA, it can produce these
Biological
Plasmid (Mechanical or Biological)
Agriculture
Produce Bt toxin from bacterial gene (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
Industry
Production of cheese and more effective laundry detergents (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
Medicine
Production of growth hormone to treat pituitary dwarfism and insulin to treat diabetes (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
Medicine
Recombinant DNA produces molecules to treat diseases (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
Industry
Recombinant DNA techniques that increase enzyme activity, stability, and specificity (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
Medicine
Recombinant DNA used to make human antibodies (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
Medicine
Studying transgenic animals provide understanding of the role that specific genes play (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
20,000-25,000
The amount of genes the human genome consists of
Gene of Interest
The first step of Recombinant DNA (The scientists must identify the __________ ___ ______________)
Linkage Map
The genetic map that shows the location of genes on a chromosome
Monoclonal Antibody Technology
The process of fusing cancer cells and cells that produce a particular antibody to produce that particular antibody
Replication of Origin
The region on plasmids that allow them to be replicated
Diagnosis of Genetic Disorders/Gene Therapy/DNA Fingerprinting
The three areas of current research that utilize chromosome maps
DNA Fingerprinting
The use of a sample of DNA to determine the identity of a person within a certain probability
Biotechnology
The use of living organisms to carry out chemical processes or to produce substances, combining biology with chemistry and science with industry
Transgenic Organism
These organisms contain foreign DNA
Gel Electrophoresis
This can be used to separate DNA fragments
Medicine
Transgenic sheep produce a protein that helps lungs inflate (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
Biological
Virus (Mechanical or Biological)
Genetic Disorders
What gene therapy is being performed on (broad)
DNA Ligase/Phosphiodester
What type of enzyme is added to join the plasmid and the gene at the complimentary sticky ends creating this type of bond
Identical Twins
What types of people have the same DNA sequence
Agriculture
Development of nonallergenic foods (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
Move
During gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments __________ in response to the field
Small
During gel electrophoresis, do large or small fragments move faster
Fragments of DNA
During gel electrophoresis, the first step includes placing ___________ __ ____ in a semiporous gel and an electrical field is turned on
Industry
Engineered bacteria produce indigo dye (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
Hybridomas
Fused cancer cells and cells that produce a particular antibody
Vector
General term for a carrier used to transfer a foreign DNA fragment into a host cell
Agriculture
Herbicide resistence (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
Agriculture
Higher yields of oil from canola (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
Endonucleases
How are genes isolated in Recombinant DNA; the second step of Recombinant DNA (this is a synonym of what you're thinking of)
Plasmid
A small ring of DNA found in a bacterial cell
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
A technique in which a known DNA sequence is synthesized at high temperatures by means of polymerase producing millions of copies for statistical analysis
Gel Electrophoresis
A technique used in DNA fingerprinting and other processes in which large molecules are to be identified
Bar Code
After a time, the fragments have separated enough to form a series of separated lines like a ______ __________ that characterizes the DNA
Human Genome Project
An international effort to completely map and sequence the human genome
Restriction Enzymes
Bacterial proteins that have the ability to cut both strands of the DNA molecules at certain points
Bioprocess Technology
Bread, cheese, and beer are products of this
Medicine
Corrected human hemophelia gene (Industry, Medicine, Agriculture)
Base Pairs
DNA fingerprinting is done by analyzing repeating patterns of ________ __________ in DNA sequences that are known to vary greatly among individuals
Sperm
Instead of examining actual offspring, scientists examine __________ cells to create linkage maps
Mechanical
Metal bullets coated with DNA
Mechanical
Micropipette (Mechanical or Biological)