Chapter 13 AH1
The nurse is caring for a client with a serum sodium concentration of 113 mEq/L (113 mmol/L). The nurse should monitor the client for the development of which condition?
Confusion
An elderly client takes 40 mg of Lasix twice a day. Which electrolyte imbalance is the most serious adverse effect of diuretic use?
Hypokalemia
The nurse is participating in the care of a client who had a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placed in the right arm. After catheter placement, the nurse should complete which action?
Send the client for a chest x-ray.
A patient with diabetes insipidus presents to the emergency room for treatment of dehydration. The nurse knows to review serum laboratory results for which of the diagnostic indicators?
Sodium level of 150 mEq/L
A nurse is conducting an initial assessment on a client with possible tuberculosis. Which assessment finding indicates a risk factor for tuberculosis?
The client had a liver transplant 2 years ago.
A client with cancer is being treated on the oncology unit for bilateral breast cancer. The client is undergoing chemotherapy. The nurse notes the client's serum calcium concentration is 12.3 mg/dL (3.08 mmol/L). Given this laboratory finding, the nurse should suspect that the
malignancy is causing the lyte imbalance
When evaluating arterial blood gases (ABGs), which value is consistent with metabolic alkalosis?
pH 7.48
A nurse is reviewing a report of a client's routine urinalysis. Which value requires further investigation?
Urine pH of 3.0
The nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes type I who is having severe vomiting and diarrhea. What condition that exhibits blood values with a low pH and a low plasma bicarbonate concentration should the nurse assess for?
metabolic acidosis
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with bulimia. The client is being treated for a serum potassium concentration of 2.9 mEq/L (2.9 mmol/L). Which statement made by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
"I can use laxatives and enemas but only once a week."
Which solution is hypotonic?
0.45% NaCl
Which is considered an isotonic solution?
0.9% normal saline
A patient who is semiconscious presents with restlessness and weakness. The nurse assesses a dry, swollen tongue and a body temperature of 99.3°F. The urine specific gravity is 1.020. What is the most likely serum sodium value for this patient?
155 mEq/L
The nurse monitors a patient who is being evaluated for hyperkalemia. She is aware that ECG changes and serum potassium levels are diagnostic. Which of the following are the earliest changes that the nurse should report?
K+ = 7 mEq/L; peaked T waves
A client comes to the emergency department with status asthmaticus. His respiratory rate is 48 breaths/minute, and he is wheezing. An arterial blood gas analysis reveals a pH of 7.52, a partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) of 30 mm Hg, PaO2 of 70 mm Hg, and bicarbonate (HCO3??') of 26 mEq/L. What disorder is indicated by these findings?
Respiratory alkalosis
