Chapter 13 SB: Obesity, Energy Balance, and Weight Management

Andy weighs 220 pounds and is 6 feet tall. His BMI reading would be about ______.

30

What mechanisms make energy balance complex?

adaptive thermogenesis and NEAT vary from person to person hormone levels influence weight loss metabolic rates differ

The following factor(s) can affect actual energy requirements ______.

age, weight, & height

When calculating your estimated energy requirement, you will need to incorporate your ______.

age,htheight, & weight

All of the following are examples of energy output EXCEPT:

calories consumed in a large meal

Choose the true statements about mindfulness.

has been shown to be moderately effective for weight loss may reduce emotional eating involves formal meditation practice and informal daily mindfulness practices

If fat is deposited in the ______ area, it poses a greater risk for chronic disease.

abdominal

A trendy weight-loss practice that has widespread appeal among the population as a "quick fix", often offering gimmicks or supplements, is called a _____ diet.

fad

Which hormone promotes glucose and fatty acid uptake, inhibits lipolysis, and promotes the production of new fat cells?

insulin

When compared to direct methods of measuring energy expenditure, indirect methods ______.

involve minimal equipment & are relatively inexpensive

All of the following will increase an individual's BMR except ______.

starvation

Select the most logical approaches to weight loss.

1. change problematic eating behaviors 2. increase physical activity 3. eat less

Obese individuals often have _______ medical care costs than people with healthy body weights.

greater

Choose factors that increase body fat accumulation.

high stress, hormonal imbalance, and sleep deprivation

The practice of living and responding to the present moment with an attitude of observance and nonjudgment is called

mindfulness

A person with central-body obesity has a body that is ______ shaped and a person with lower-body fat distribution has a body that is ______ shaped.

apple; pear

methods of measuring energy expenditure are generally complex and require sophisticated laboratory tools.

direct

When the energy intake is equal to the energy output, body weight is maintained and the person is in ______.

energy balance

Which of the following best describes the energy balance equation?

energy input= energy output

Genetic factors that can play a role in the development of obesity include:

hormone production, metabolic rate, & body frame

The method of estimating total body fat by weighing the individual on a standard scale and then weighing him or her submerged in water is known as ______.

hydrostatic weighing (underwater weighing)

The percentage of obese American adults has ______ from 2000 to 2017.

increased

Choose the factors that will increase a person's basal metabolic rate.

lactation, post-exercise recovery, and stress

Children are ____ likely to become overweight or obese if their mothers were overfat prior to becoming pregnant.

more

Choose factors that decrease body fat accumulation.

physical activity, mindful eating practices, and healthy sleep

Choose roles of insulin in energy balance.

promotes triglyceride synthesis in the liver promotes glucose and fatty acid uptake inhibits lipolysis in fat cells

The technique used to measure the difference between the weight on a standard scale and that during submersion in water is called

underwater weighting

Between 2017 and 2018, approximately ______ of American adults over age 20 years were either obese or extremely obese.

50%

The most costly conditions associated with obesity include ______.

- arthritis - type 2 diabetes - coronary artery disease

Factors of energy output include:

- physical activity - metabolism - digestion

Apple-shaped (central-body fat distribution) obesity is associated with ______.

-men with an "apple" body shape -increased risk for serious, chronic diseases

Identify the health problems associated with excess weight.

- hypertension - CVD - type 2 diabetes

Choose the serious health problems that are associated with obesity.

-metabolic syndrome -nonalcoholic fatty liver disease -vascular disease

medicine is the medical specialty that focuses on the treatment of obesity.

bariatric

Choose the true statements about hypothyroidism.

caused by the autoimmune destruction of thyroid tissue associated with reduced metabolic rate, weight gain, and increased risk of overweight and obesity testing should be done for individuals with an unexplained weight gain

The calories that cells use to carry out their activities is called ______.

energy output

Fad diets ______.

offer a 'quick fix' to your weight problem rely on testimonials for evidence of effectiveness limit food selections to a few food groups

______ is considered having extra weight from bone, muscle, body fat and/or body water; whereas, ______ is a condition characterized by excessive and unhealthy amounts of body fat.

overweight: obesity

The sense that enough food or beverages have been consumed to satisfy hunger is called

satiety

Which two variables are used to calculate a person's BMI?

weight & height

Choose the accurate statements that explain why energy balance is a complex process.

weight gain varies even with the same amount of overfeeding weight loss produces differing fat and lean mass losses