Chapter 13- test questions for test 3

Bill is very conscious of his attraction to other men. He realizes this may mean he is gay and realizes how his family is likely to respond to this knowledge. He is also aware that he will be on the "outside" of many social norms. Cass would describe Bill as being in which stage of identity formation?

Identity comparison

How did the NHSLS approach issues of sexual orientation?

It asked questions about desire, behavior, and self-identification.

Which of the following statements about the Kinsey Scale of Sexual Behavior is accurate?

It classified sexual behavior into seven categories.

Why was the Kinsey Scale of Sexual Behavior considered so important?

It described sexual expression as a continuum.

Marian has related sexually to both women and men to an equal degree during her adult life. According to the Kinsey Scale of Sexual Behavior, her behavior would be classified as

3

Which description most accurately represents the modern psychological conception of same-gender orientation?

A normal variation on human sexual expression

The typical family background assumed by the traditional psychodynamic model of same-gender sexual orientation did NOT include which of the following?

An overprotective father.

Which of the following is NOT a physical difference studied relative to same-gender and other-gender sexual orientations?

Cerebral cortex of the brain

Around 400 C.E., ___________________ began to introduce a new sexual code that focused on maintaining purity and equated some sexual behaviors with the fallen state of the human soul.

Christianity

The first stage in Cass's theory of identity formation is

Confusion

Which of the following was NOT a finding of the classic Bell, Weinberg, and Hammersmith study on sexual orientation?

Most gay men and lesbians have never had heterosexual experiences.

Which of the following is NOT true regarding stereotypical gay and lesbian behavior?

Most lesbians dress in a masculine style

What is the general conclusion of contemporary researchers regarding the effects of hormone levels on sexual orientation?

Prenatal hormones appear to influence later gender identity.

The Torah

Prohibits male-male sexual behavior

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the conclusions of the researchers who conducted the National Health and Social Life Survey (NHSLS) regarding sexual orientation?

Sexual orientation is a multidimensional concept and cannot be described by a single number.

Which of the following was NOT a finding of the classic Bell, Weinberg, and Hammersmith study?

Sexual orientation seems heavily related to the quality of one's relationship with one's father rather than with one's mother.

Regarding genetic influences on sexual behavior, which of the following has NOT been shown to be true?

Studies of identical twins find that both twins are lesbian or gay in only 48 to 52 percent of the cases.

Ralph enters psychotherapy for support while coping with the recent death of both his parents. When he offers his life history, Ralph mentions to the therapist that he is gay. How is the therapist most likely to respond to this information?

The therapist will focus on Ralph's problems of grief and parental loss and accept his orientation as normal.

How do modern theologians in the Judeo-Christian-Muslim religious traditions view same-gender sexual behavior?

They vary, with some accepting and others condemning such behavior.

What was the overall purpose of the classic Bell, Weinberg, and Hammersmith study?

To identify the possible causes of same-gender sexual orientation

Which of the following has NOT been a focus of biological models of homosexuality?

Viral or bacterial infections

Which of the following was NOT demonstrated by the NHSLS research?

Women who desire and have had sex with other women are more likely than men to identify themselves as gay or bisexual.

One controversy regarding sexual orientation centers on the accuracy of Kinsey's findings on the

actual prevalence of same-gender sexual behavior.

Harriet is experiencing anxiety after accepting a very stressful job. As a lesbian who is selecting a counselor to help her, she needs to be

alert to professionals who are not aware of their own prejudices in working with clients with a same-gender orientation.

To date, research on the possible biological bases of same-gender orientation suggests that

among identical twins, the rate of both having same-gender orientation is 48 to 52 percent.

Late in his career, Freud declared that same-gender sexual orientation is the result of

arrested sexual development

Paul was a respondent in Kinsey's 1953 survey. His sexual behavior was classified as "1." This classification indicates that he has

engaged in heterosexual behavior and incidental same-gender behavior.

Agnes describes herself as lesbian, even though she has never been sexual with either a man or a woman. Such self-identification

illustrates the subtleties involved in classifying individuals by their sexual orientation.

A weakness of the Kinsey Scale of Sexual Behavior is that it

implied that the more heterosexual one was, the less homosexual one was.

Examination of various cultures and subcultures suggests that among those with a same-gender orientation,

interest in forming an identity based on sexual orientation varies.

The term homophobia refers to

irrational fears and strong negative attitudes toward gays and lesbians.

A weakness of the Kinsey Scale of Sexual Behavior is that it

measured sexual behavior using an inadequate bipolar linear scale.

Research suggest that hormonal levels in the prenatal period

might influence later gender identify

Most contemporary theorists and researchers perceive same-gender sexual orientation as a

natural form of sexual expression less prevalent than heterosexuality.

Most psychodynamic theorists now view same-gender sexual orientation as a

normal, mature developmental state.

The NHSLS study found that

same-gender sexual contact in females is more likely to occur after the age of 18.

One recent study of gay males who have brothers found that

the greater the number of older brothers, the higher the likelihood that a man will be gay

While the "Don't ask, don't tell" policy was active in the U.S. military,

the number of people discharged annually from the U.S. armed forces because of their sexual orientation or behavior increased.

A somewhat intriguing finding regarding same-gender orientation is that it is more common among individuals who grew up in

urban centers.

Bell, Weinberg, and Hammersmith's study

was based on data gathered in 3- to 5-hour, face-to-face interviews.