Chapter 14 and Thirty Years war
Bartholomew Diaz
Rounded the Cape of Good Hope
Danish phase
Ruler of Denmark tried to intervene and support Protestants, but was crushed.
Prince Henry the Navigator
1394-1460 organized voyages along west coast of Africa
Treaty of Tordesillas
1494 agreement giving Spain everything to the West of an imaginary line drawn down the Atlantic and giving Portugal everything to the East
When did transatlantic slave trade begin
1518
Spain's golden century
16 century - silver mined in America's
Thirty years war causes
1618-1648 Peace of Augsburg began to deteriorate and Calvinism began to spread. Protestant Union formed and Catholic league formed.
Factors that encouraged European overseas exploration
Renaissance spirit of individualism Search for spices and profit Desire to cultivate cash crops Desire to spread Christianity Ability to use new technology
Four phases of thirty years war
Bohemian phase Danish phase Swedish phase French phase
Bohemian phase
Civil war in Bohemia, Catholics won
Consequences of thirty years war
Decline of papal political influence Rise of religious toleration Devastated Germany's economy Peace of Westphalia left Germany politically fragmented - more than 300 sovereign states with own rules Fragmentation ended holy roman empire in Germany Habsburgs weakened France emerged as strongest Growth in size of national armies
Colombian exchange
Exchange of animals, plants and diseases between the old and the new worlds
French phase
France takes side of protestants - tipping balance
Swedish phase
Gustavus Adolphus supported provinces and gained victory in Sweden. Swedish victories prevented the Habsburgs from uniting the German states
1453 Ottoman capture of Constantinople meant what for slaves
Halted the flow of white slaves from the eastern Mediterranean to western Europe - so they turned to Sub-Saharan Africa
Peace of Westphalia
October 1648 peace achieved. Rulers allowed to decide religious faith in territory - Calvinism acceptable
Consequences of Spain's silver
Population increase - higher demand Population caused inflation
Economic hegemony in trade order of nations
Portugal then Spain then Dutch
Caravel
Small, slow and maneuverable 3-mast sailing ship
Ecomendia system
System where the crown granted the conquers the right to forcibly empty groups of Indians in exchange for providing food, shelter and Christian teachings - basically slavery
Vasco de Gama
Trade with east via cape route
Pedro Cabral
accidentally discovered Brazil
