Chapter 14 Antineoplastic PrepU
A patient is diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Why is considered to be an aggressive form of cancer?
It is fed by the hormones produced by the ovaries.
An elderly man has been admitted to a residential care facility and the nurse has conducted a medication reconciliation. The man has taken numerous drugs in the past, including a course of bicalutamide (Casodex) several years earlier. The nurse recognizes this drug as being an antiandrogen and is consequently justified in presuming that the man has a history of what disease?
Prostate cancer
A 25-year-old female client is prescribed methotrexate to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The nurse should teach the client to: use an effective contraceptive. drink milk with the medication. expect a mild rash and itching. take a pain reliever for sore throat.
use an effective contraceptive.
After teaching a group of students about antineoplastic antibiotics, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which drug as an example?
Doxorubicin
A nurse administers ondansetron to a client receiving chemotherapy for which reason? a) Reduce vomiting b) Prevent hypersensitivity c) Decrease secretions d) Relieve inflammation
Reduce vomiting
A client with breast cancer is receiving goserelin (Zoladex). What aspect of the client's most recent laboratory results would suggest an adverse effect of this particular drug? Elevated serum calcium Decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit Increased international normalized ratio Increased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine
Elevated serum calcium Chapter 14: Antineoplastic Agents - Page 235 Goserelin is associated with a risk of hypercalcemia. Renal dysfunction is important to dosage management of almost all antineoplastic drugs and is not specific to goserelin. Changes in INR or red cell indices would not be directly associated with goserelin treatment.
A patient having chemotherapy is losing her hair. She asks the nurse if her hair will come back as it originally was. What is the best response by the nurse?
"Your hair will grow back, but the new hair may be a different color or texture."
A 42-year-old female with breast cancer has had a radical mastectomy. She will have radiation therapy and then begin chemotherapy. Drug therapy will consist of a combination of doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and paclitaxel. What will the nurse include in the teaching plan concerning the drug therapy?
Take special care when shaving or brushing her teeth.
A 49-year-old client is diagnosed with ovarian cancer. What is a characteristic of malignant cells that differentiates them from normal body cells?
Cancerous cells grow in an uncontrollable fashion.
A female client will soon begin targeted therapy as a component of her treatment plan for chronic leukemia. The nurse is conducting health education about this new aspect of the client's drug regimen and the client has asked about the potential side effects of treatment. How should the nurse best respond?
"Both classes of drugs have adverse effects, but targeted therapies tend to have less of an effect on healthy body cells."
A nurse on the oncology unit is caring for a client with an astrocytoma. The client has just been told that the tumor is growing very fast. The client asks the nurse how these tumors grow. What would be the nurse's best response?
"Brain tumors infiltrate the surrounding tissue."
A patient who will begin chemotherapy voices concern to the nurse about the accompanying nausea and vomiting. What is the best response by the nurse?
"We can relieve your nausea and vomiting with antiemetic drug therapy. You should ask for these medications whenever you need them."
A 54-year-old male patient with small-cell lung cancer is receiving etoposide. The nurse will carefully monitor for:
*hypotension
Which of the following cytoprotective agents can be given along with antineoplastic drugs to help prevent or lessen certain adverse effects? Select all that apply:
-Allopurinol -Amifostine -Leucovorin -Mesna -Dexrazoxane
The nurse is preparing a client who will begin chemotherapy in a few days. The nurse knows that which are the most common adverse effects encountered by most clients who receive chemotherapy? (Select all that apply.)
-Alopecia -Thrombocytopenia -Anemia
Which antineoplastic drugs are classified as antineoplastic antibiotics? (Select all that apply.)
-Dactinomycin (Cosmegen) -Bleomycin (Blenoxane) -Daunorubicin (DaunoXome)
A nurse is caring for a client who has received antineoplastic therapy. The client has developed inflammation of the oral mucous membrane, which is affecting his nutritional status. Which action by the nurse would be most appropriate? Select all that apply.
-Provide mouth care with normal saline every 4 hours. -Offer soft or liquid foods.
A client is being treated for cancer and dronabinol has been added to the client's current medication regimen. What assessment finding would indicate a therapeutic effect of this medication?
Absence of nausea
A client with acute myeloid leukemia has been receiving mitoxantrone IV as part of the chemotherapeutic regimen. When assessing the client for the effects of bone marrow suppression, the nurse should perform what assessment?
Assessment of the client's activity tolerance and energy level
A patient is experiencing antineoplastic-induced nausea and vomiting. The health care provider prescribes ondansetron. The nurse understands that this agent acts in which way?
Blocking serotonin receptors in the CTZ
A client is receiving bleomycin as part of his chemotherapy regimen. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to monitor? a) Chest x-ray b) Platelet count c) Electrocardiogram d) Serum electrolytes
Chest x-ray
A male client is receiving parenteral cytotoxic medications in the home. Adjunct therapy may include what substance?
Erythropoietin
A nurse educator is discussing the role of protooncogenes in the pathophysiology of cancer. What typically triggers protooncogenes to differentiate into oncogenes?
Exposure to carcinogens
Cancer cells can rapidly develop a resistance to alkylating agents.
False
No cancer cells have been identified that can remain dormant for more than 2 years. True or False
False
A client's chemotherapeutic regimen includes procarbazine. What is the client's most likely diagnosis?
Hodgkin lymphoma
Which drug would have the least effect on healthy human cells?
Imatinib
A client is being treated on the oncology unit and has developed worsening adverse effects over the past several days of chemotherapy. Administration of filgrastim may aid in achieving what desired outcome?
Increased leukocytes
A male patient has been on long-term bicalutamide (Casodex) therapy. In order to assess adverse effects of the drug therapy, the nurse will closely monitor: A. Visual function B. Pap test results C. Blood counts D. Liver function
Liver function
Which agent would the nurse expect to be administered orally? a) Fluorouracil b) Gemcitabine c) Methotrexate d) Cytarabine
Methotrexate
Which agent would the nurse expect to be administered orally? Cytarabine Fluorouracil Gemcitabine Methotrexate
Methotrexate Chapter 14: Antineoplastic Agents - Page 225
Which would the nurse identify as an antineoplastic antibiotic?
Mitomycin
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving a combination of antineoplastic agents. The patient will most likely lose her hair. Why would the nurse suggest that she get a wig or use appropriate head cover?
Most of the heat is lost through the head and it is important to cover it during extremes in temperature
A nurse is preparing to administer imatinib to a client. The nurse expects to administer this drug by which route?
Oral
In describing the action of alkylating agents, what would the nurse include?
React chemically with portions of RNA, DNA, and other cellular proteins.
An oncology nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client being treated for advanced prostate cancer. In addition to two chemotherapeutic agents, the nurse reads that the client has been ordered a cytoprotective agent. What is the goal of treatment with this agent?
Reduce the incidence or severity of adverse drug effects.
A nurse is providing client education to a 50-year-old woman who is taking methotrexate (MTX) for breast cancer. The nurse will instruct the client to avoid which drug?
Salicylates
What is the first action by the oncology nurse when observing extravasation with the patient receiving vincristine? a) Apply warm compresses. b) Consult the physician. c) Obtain a photograph of the site. d) Stop the infusion.
Stop the infusion.
A patient is to start with chemotherapy. The patient is worried about going bald in the course of the treatment. How can the nurse assist the patient in being comfortable with his or her body image? a) Explain it is not life-threatening. b) Forewarn about hair loss. c) Explain that hair preserves body heat. d) Suggest the use of a wig or cap.
Suggest the use of a wig or cap.
A client has chosen to receive palliative care after lung cancer metastasized to the bones and liver. Which is the most appropriate during palliative cancer care?
The use of chemotherapy to reduce pain
An adverse effect of tamoxifen therapy involves menopausal symptoms. a) True b) False
True
Cancer is considered the second leading cause of death in the United States. a) False b) True
True
A nurse is performing discharge teaching with a client who will soon return home. The client will continue taking imatinib for the foreseeable future, and the nurse is teaching the client about the safe administration of this drug. How should the nurse instruct the client to take imatinib?
With food and a large glass of water
Which agents would be considered cancer non-cell cycle specific agents?
alkylating agents
The mitotic inhibitors interfere with the ability of a cell to divide, and they block or alter DNA synthesis, thus causing cell death. For clients taking these drugs, the nurse should:
avoid any skin, eye, or mucous membrane contact with the drug.
A 79-year-old woman has recently moved to a long-term care facility, and the nurse at the facility is conducting a medication reconciliation. The nurse notes that the woman has recently been taking tamoxifen. The nurse is justified in concluding that the woman has a history of what malignancy?
breast cancer
When assessing a client for adverse effects related to methotrexate (MTX) therapy, the nurse should prioritize what diagnostic findings?
creatinine clearance
Many times combination of antineoplastic medications are used to:
decrease the development of cell resistance.
A female patient is taking oral cyclophosphamide therapy for breast cancer. Because of possible adverse effects of the drug, the nurse will instruct the patient to:
drink a lot of water.
A 63-year-old male patient has just begun treatment with IV paclitaxel. About 10 minutes into the infusion, the nurse becomes concerned about a possible anaphylactic reaction to the drug because the patient is experiencing:
dyspnea.
A client is receiving tamoxifen. Which adverse effect would be most specific to the action of this drug?
menopausal effects
What is the defining characteristic of a sarcoma?
originates from connective tissue
The nurse reviews the plan of care for a patient receiving antineoplastic therapy. The nurse notes a nursing diagnosis of risk for infection. Which adverse effect would the nurse expect the patient to exhibit?
pancytopenia
A female client prescribed methotrexate for meningeal leukemia is asking the nurse about adverse effects of the drug. What would the nurse tell this client should be avoided while taking methotrexate?
pregnancy
A client asks the nurse what cancer cell growth is called. What would the nurse tell the client?
proliferation
When preparing to administer ondansetron for a patient's nausea and vomiting, the nurse understands that this agent blocks:
serotonin
What health education topic should the community health nurse emphasize when planning care for a client who will be prescribed an oral chemotherapy drug for the next several months while recovering at home?
techniques for safely handling the drug
Which would the nurse expect to administer to counteract the effects of methotrexate?
Leucovorin
A male patient has been on long-term bicalutamide therapy. In order to assess adverse effects of the drug therapy, the nurse will closely monitor:
Liver function
A patient with a diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia has met with the oncologist, who has recommended treatment with the kinase inhibitor imatinib. What route of administration will the client receive?
Oral administration of imatinib in a home setting
A client is prescribed doxorubicin drug therapy for carcinoma of the breast. On the second day of drug therapy, she calls in to report reddish urine. What should the nurse do?
Reassure the client that it is a harmless and expected response to the drug.
Tamoxifen achieves a therapeutic effect by which means?
Slowing the growth of cancer cells
A parent hears the health care provider using the word extravasation. The parent asks the nurse what extravasation means. What would be a correct answer? A. "Extravasation is when blood vessels are severed." B. "Extravasation is when fluid is pooled in one part of the body." C. "Extravasation is a disease that causes shock." D. "Extravasation is when fluid escapes from a blood vessel into the surrounding tissue."
"Extravasation is when fluid escapes from a blood vessel into the surrounding tissue." -Extravasation is the escape of fluid from a blood vessel into surrounding tissues. Blood vessels are not cut for this to happen.
A client received an injection of doxorubicin and is now observing a reddish urine. The client reports blood in the urine to the nurse. How should the nurse respond?
"The reddish urine is an expected response to the drug."
Which of the following instructions would be most appropriate for a patient who is receiving temsirolimus?
Avoiding grapefruit juice
When describing the use of the various agents for combating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, the nurse understands that the majority of these agents block:
Chemoreceptor trigger zone
An elderly man has been admitted to a residential care facility and the nurse has conducted a medication reconciliation. The man has taken numerous drugs in the past, including a course of bicalutamide (Casodex) several years earlier. The nurse recognizes this drug as being an antiandrogen and is consequently justified in presuming that the man has a history of what disease? a) Lymphoma b) Prostate cancer c) Skin cancer d) Lung cancer
Prostate cancer
A postmenopausal woman with breast cancer will most likely be treated with which anti-estrogen drug?
Tamoxifen
A postmenopausal woman with breast cancer will most likely be treated with which anti-estrogen drug? a) Cyclophosphamide b) Tamoxifen c) Cisplatin d) Bleomycin
Tamoxifen
An older adult woman has been diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and her care team has identified potential benefits of imatinib. Which characteristic of this patient's current health status may preclude the use of imatinib?
The patient has chronic heart failure resulting in significant peripheral edema.
A 25-year-old female client is prescribed methotrexate to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The nurse should teach the client to:
use an effective contraceptive.
A middle-aged patient has received a diagnosis of GI stromal tumor following an extensive diagnostic workup. Imatinib has been recommended as a component of the patient's drug regimen. What patient education should the nurse provide to this patient? A. "If you experience significant nausea after taking a dose, stop taking the drug and schedule an appointment at the clinic." B. "You'll likely experience a lot of dry mouth while you're taking this drug, so it's helpful to chew ice chips." C. "It's important that you let us know if you develop any significant swelling or puffiness." D. "Try to keep your PICC line dressing as dry as possible at all times."
"It's important that you let us know if you develop any significant swelling or puffiness."
The nurse is preparing to administer a client's prescribed chemotherapy. The client has developed bone marrow suppression during treatment. What should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply. Implement falls prevention measures Administer anticoagulants as prescribed Place the client on protective isolation Monitor the client's laboratory values closely Allow sufficient time for rest between scheduled activities
Implement falls prevention measures Place the client on protective isolation Monitor the client's laboratory values closely Allow sufficient time for rest between scheduled activities Decreased platelets create a risk for bleeding if the client experiences an injury; anemia causes fatigue and activity intolerance; neutropenia creates a serious risk for infection. It is important for the nurse to monitor the client's laboratory values as closely as possible. Anticoagulants would be likely to exacerbate the risks associated with thrombocytopenia.
When describing the various effects of antineoplastic agents, the nurse explains that antineoplastic drugs primarily affect human cells that are rapidly multiplying, going through the cell cycle quickly. The nurse would identify which cells as an example?
Skin
A 54-year-old received a diagnosis of breast cancer several weeks ago and her current treatment regimen includes tamoxifen, a cell cycle-nonspecific antineoplastic drug. What is a characteristic of a cell cycle-nonspecific drug?
The drug is effective regardless of whether a cancerous cell is proliferating.
During which phase of the cell cycle would a nurse expect a mitotic inhibitor to act?
M
A patient has just received the first dose of imatinib and the nurse on the oncology unit is amending the patient's care plan accordingly. What nursing diagnosis is most appropriate in light of this addition to the patient's drug regimen?
Risk for Infection related to bone marrow suppression
client has been started on vincristine as part of treatment for cancer. What factor will the nurse need to assess with regard to interactions with this medication? Alcohol intake Sensory, motor, and perceptual functions Exposure to sunlight Cigarette smoking
Sensory, motor, and perceptual functions Chapter 14: Antineoplastic Agents - Page 232 Before drug administration, the nurse must determine the patient's sensory, motor, and perceptual functions, because of the potential dysfunctions associated with vincristine. The nurse must also consider bowel elimination patterns and food and fluid intake to assess for risk for constipation. Because the drug does not cause photosensitivity, the patient's exposure to sunlight need not be assessed. The drug is not known to interact with alcohol or nicotine; therefore, alcohol intake and cigarette smoking also need not be assessed.
What potential benefit is unique to biologic agent therapies?
They may affect cancer cells while leaving normal body cells unaffected.
An adult client who has been diagnosed with a rectal tumor is scheduled to begin treatment with cisplatin. The nurse has conducted client teaching about the possibility of nausea and vomiting. In order to reduce the client's risk of severe nausea, the nurse should:
administer a combination of antiemetics prior to the administration of the drug.
A 26-year-old man with testicular cancer is prescribed combination chemotherapy that involves using two drugs that are effective against testicular tumors. Combination drug therapy is superior to single-drug therapy because of:
Higher tumor response rates
A male client is diagnosed with prostate cancer. The treatment modality of choice includes both surgery and chemotherapy. What does the chemotherapeutic option include?
Hormonal therapies
A client's chemotherapy regimen has been deemed successful, but the client is experiencing debilitating nausea and vomiting. These adverse effects should signal the nurse to the possibility of what nursing diagnosis?
Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
Which antineoplastic drugs are classified as antimetabolites? (Select all that apply.) A. Mercaptopurine (Purinethol) B. Irinotecan (Camptosar) C. Etoposide (Toposar) D. Capecitabine (Xeloda) E. Fluorouracil (Adrucil)
Mercaptopurine, Capecitabine, Fluorouracil -Antimetabolite drugs are substances that incorporate themselves into the cellular components during the S phase of cell division .
A male client is informed that the latest tests indicate that his cancer has spread to his liver. The client receives capecitabine as part of his treatment regimen. What would the nurse expect the health care provider to do?
Monitor the client closely and repeat LFTs routinely. LFT=Liver Function Test!
An elderly man has been admitted to a residential care facility and the nurse has conducted a medication reconciliation. The man has taken numerous drugs in the past, including a course of bicalutamide (Casodex) several years earlier. The nurse recognizes this drug as being an antiandrogen and is consequently justified in presuming that the man has a history of what disease? A. Lymphoma B. Skin cancer C. Prostate cancer D. Lung cancer
Prostate Cancer -In male patients, antiandrogens are used to treat prostate cancer.
Fewer adverse effects are associated with monoclonal antibody therapy than those of cytotoxic drugs. However, some of the potential adverse effects of monoclonal antibodies can be life threatening, including which effect?
Heart failure and bleeding problems
An elderly man has been admitted to a residential care facility and the nurse has conducted a medication reconciliation. The man has taken numerous drugs in the past, including a course of bicalutamide (Casodex) several years earlier. The nurse recognizes this drug as being an antiandrogen and is consequently justified in presuming that the man has a history of what disease? Lymphoma Lung cancer Skin cancer Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer
A patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) will be starting a course of doxorubicin shortly. When planning this patient's care, what nursing diagnosis should the nurse prioritize?
Risk for Infection related to suppressed bone marrow function
A client develops leukopenia after receiving chemotherapy. Which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate?
Risk for infection
The oncology nurse understands that chemotherapeutic agents are most effective during a particular phase of the cell cycle. This means the agents are:
cell cycle-specific.
A nurse is caring for a 46-year-old female patient who is taking paclitaxel for ovarian cancer. Two or three days after the infusion of the drug, the nurse must closely monitor for:
neurotoxicity
A 25-year-old female client is prescribed methotrexate to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The nurse should teach the client to: A. use an effective contraceptive. B. drink milk with the medication. C. expect a mild rash and itching. D. take a pain reliever for sore throat.
use an effective contraception -Women of childbearing age should use an effective contraceptive during therapy with methotrexate. When taking methotrexate, the client should be instructed to notify the primary health care provider immediately at first sign of a rash or sore throat.
A client with a diagnosis of non-small-cell lung cancer is currently undergoing chemotherapy. At the encouragement of a family member, the client has announced to the nurse the intention to complement this treatment with a regimen of herbal remedies. How should the nurse respond to this client's statement? A. "It's likely best to begin taking herbal remedies after you've completed this round of chemotherapy." B. "Unfortunately, your current chemotherapy program will likely preclude the use of herbs." C. "It's important to discuss what herbs you'll be taking with your health care provider or the pharmacist to make sure there aren't any interactions." D. "If that's something in which you and your family see potential benefit, I'd encourage you to pursue it."
"It's important to discuss what herbs you'll be taking with your health care provider or the pharmacist to make sure there aren't any interactions."
A patient is diagnosed with a brain tumor. The patient is told that the cancer cells proliferate. The patient asks the nurse what this means. What is the nurse's best response?
"The proliferation is the growth of cancer cells and the rate of growth."
A client asks the nurse why the chemotherapy is often administered in cycles. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? A. "The cycles are the only way to guarantee a cure for the cancer." B. "The cycles help to prevent the drugs from destroying the healthy cells." C. "We want to attack the cells that might be dormant or moving into a new phase." D. "The drugs are highly toxic, so the body needs time to recover."
"We want to attack the cells that might be dormant or moving into a new phase."
The nurse may be asked to administer which medication to a client to counteract the increase in uric acid and subsequent hyperuricemia resulting from the metabolic waste buildup from rapid tumor lysis?
Allopurinol
An adult client has recently begun cancer treatment with methotrexate (MTX). When reviewing this client's laboratory work, the nurse should consequently prioritize assessment of which of the following?
BUN and creatinine
A client is receiving idarubicin. What is the nurse's priority assessment? Cardiac function Respiratory function Red cell indices Electrolyte levels
Cardiac function Chapter 14: Antineoplastic Agents - Page 229 The client's cardiac function needs to be monitored closely because idarubicin is specifically toxic to the heart. The pancytopenia that accompanies antineoplastics can cause decreased red cell indices, but this does not address the particular threat to the cardiac system posed by idarubicin. Respiratory function is not commonly impacted by idarubicin. Electrolyte levels should be monitored in clients receiving any antineoplastic study due to adverse effects impacting nutrition and kidney function, but are not specific to idarubicin.
A child is prescribed an anthracycline drug. The nurse would teach the parents to observe for signs and symptoms of what adverse effect?
Cardiotoxicity
When describing alkylating agents, the nurse would explain that this medication is seen as the prototype:
Chlorambucil
A patient who is receiving methotrexate is also receiving leucovorin. The nurse understands that this drug is being given for which reason?
Counteract effects of methotrexate
A patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is receiving imatinib on an inpatient basis. When planning the care of this patient, what assessment should be specified in the patient's plan of nursing care?
Daily Weights
A client on the oncology unit has begun chemotherapy with a regimen that includes bendamustine. The client has begun to experience alopecia. The nurse should prioritize assessments related to what potential nursing diagnosis?
Disturbed body image
A client with leukemia is being treated with a combination of antineoplastics, including methotrexate. The client's most recent laboratory results indicate the client is experiencing bone marrow suppression. What is the nurse's priority action?
Ensure that all staff and visitors adhere to infection control precautions.
After teaching a group of students about antineoplastic agents and their effect on cancer and healthy cells, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which drug as having the least effect on healthy cells?
Getitinib Chapter 14: Antineoplastic Agents - Page 239
A nurse is administering an antineoplastic extravasation occurs. How can the nurse best prevent tissue damage caused by extravasation?
Inspect the site frequently for redness or swelling
A patient is receiving carboplatin. The nurse would expect to administer this drug by which route?
Intravenous -Carboplatin is administered IV on day 1 every 4 weeks.
A female client is ending an extensive chemotherapeutic regimen that included cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs. What does the nurse understand about bone marrow toxicity in this client?
It is a common adverse effect of her treatment.
A patient is to start with chemotherapy. The patient is worried about going bald in the course of the treatment. How can the nurse assist the patient in being comfortable with his or her body image? Forewarn about hair loss. Explain it is not life-threatening. Suggest the use of a wig or cap. Explain that hair preserves body heat.
Suggest the use of a wig or cap.
A postmenopausal woman with breast cancer will most likely be treated with which anti-estrogen drug? Tamoxifen Bleomycin Cyclophosphamide Cisplatin
Tamoxifen
A postmenopausal woman with breast cancer will most likely be treated with which anti-estrogen drug? A. Bleomycin B. Cisplatin C. Cyclophosphamide D. Tamoxifen
Tamoxifen -Anti-estrogens are first-line therapy for treating breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Tamoxifin is the most widely recognized anti-estrogen.
What health education topic should the community health nurse emphasize when planning care for a client who will be prescribed an oral chemotherapy drug for the next several months while recovering at home? A. ways to match the dose to the severity of the symptoms B. appropriate herbal substitutes for the chemotherapy agent C. techniques for safely handling the drug D. techniques for self-monitoring of liver status
Techniques for safely handling the drug -All cytotoxic drugs are hazardous substances and require special handling and disposal, per safety guidelines, in the home. It is not possible for the client to independently monitor liver status in the home.
A patient is administered mesna (Mesnex) to prevent cystitis induced by ifosfamide. How will this medication combination prevent cystitis? The medications increase urine output related to ifosfamide. The medications decrease viral load related to ifosfamide. The medications increase white blood cells related to ifosfamide. The medication combines with the metabolite of ifosfamide.
The medication combines with the metabolite of ifosfamide Chapter 14: Antineoplastic Agents, box 14.3, p. 221. Mesna is used with ifosfamide, which produces a metabolite that causes hemorrhagic cystitis. Mesna combines with and inactivates the metabolite, thereby decreasing cystitis.
A client is undergoing a cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen for the treatment of stage III lung cancer. What effect will this regimen likely have on the client's hemostatic function?
The client's platelet count will decline.
What should the oncology nurse understand when administering a cell cycle-nonspecific chemotherapeutic agent about its effect?
The drug will be effective through all phases of the cell cycle.
What rationale should the nurse provide to the client when describing the necessity of recovery periods between treatment cycles of chemotherapy?
Time is needed to replace many of the healthy body cells killed by chemotherapy
When describing the process of cancer cell growth to a client, the nurse addresses angiogenesis. Which description would the nurse include?
The process of creating new blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to the cells
A client with a diagnosis of bladder cancer is started on a chemotherapeutic regimen that includes three agents. What is the rationale for using multiple antineoplastic agents?
The use of three agents decreases the development of cell resistance.
An adverse effect of tamoxifen therapy involves menopausal symptoms. True or False
True
Anemia from chemotherapy treatment is the result of bone marrow suppression. True or False
True
True or False: An adverse effect of tamoxifen therapy involves menopausal symptoms.
True
True or False: Cancer is considered the second leading cause of death in the United States.
True
The dosages of the chemotherapy agents that will be administered are based primarily on what client variable?
Weight
A client has been diagnosed with a brain tumor and is dealing with this diagnosis by seeking detailed information about cancer. The nurse would explain to the client that cancer is essentially a result of the disruption of the:
cell cycle