chapter 14
Which of the following teenagers with family difficulties has an especially high risk of substance abuse
Ken, whose friends use and provide drugs
Which of the following teens is more likely to have early sex or frequent teenage sexual activity
Ryan, whose parents do not monitor his activities
___ is linked to delayed initiation of sexual activity and to reduced teenage pregnancy
School involvement
Which of the following teens is most likely to have an adolescent pregnancy
Selena, a low-income Hispanic American
Kyla's grandma recalls menarche as a traumatic experience. She would like things to be different for Kyla. What advice can you give her
She should prepare Kyla in advance and treat it as an important milestone
Which of the following statements about the role of physical attractiveness and the timing of puberty in Western society is true
The ideal male image is a muscular shape that favors the early developer
Haeata lives in a tribal society and just experienced menarche. Which of the following is probably true
The tribe will celebrate the onset of puberty with an initiation ceremony
Trevor just experienced spermarche. Which of the following is likely to be true
Trevor's first ejaculation occurred earlier than he expected
Which of the following statements about preventing sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is true
Using a needle, syringe, or drug liquid previously used by others can spread STIs
Anna Freud viewed the teenage years as
a biologically based, universal "developmental disturbance"
Mr. Linden wants to discuss sex with his teenage daughter. Which of the following approaches would you recommend to him
a give-and-take conversation between parent and child
Suzanne responded to her daughter's coming out positively. She is understanding and accepting of the teenager's same- sex romantic relationship. However, Suzanne is concerned about her daughter's self-acceptance. Suzanne should know that
a key predictor of favorable adjustment for gay and lesbian youths is parental understanding
Maggi is a later-maturing girl. She is most likely to be regarded as
a leader at school
The number of American teenage births is lower than it was 50 years ago because
about one-fourth of adolescent pregnancies end in abortion
In most tribal and village societies
adolescence is only a brief intervening phase between childhood and full assumption of adult roles
Brad's parents provide him with information on sex and contraception and convey their values. As a result, Brad is likely to
adopt his parents' views
Menarche takes place
after the peak of the height spurt
The production of ____ in young people of both sexes leads to an increase in sex drive
androgens
Sexual maturation is controlled by
androgens and estorgens
Janelle, a teenager, is chronically tired and frequently irritable, but she appears to be growing normally. She should have a medical checkup because she might be suffering from
anemia
Renae has a compulsive fear of getting fat. As a result, she is starving herself. Renae has
anorexia nervosa
As a result of school courses and media campaigns, about 90 percent of U.S. high school students
are aware of basic facts about HIV and AIDS
Many young people with anorexia
are emotionally inhibited
Spermarche occurs
around age 13½
The leading killer of U.S. teenagers
automobile accidents
Brad is a teenager who has experimented minimally with alcohol. Brad is likely to
be a healthy, curious young person
As humans and mammals become more sexually mature, neurons
become more responsive to excitatory neurotransmitters
Casey repeatedly engages in out-of-control binge eating but does not purge afterwards. Casey probably suffers from
binge-eating disorder
Gregor, a high school senior, has begun taking creatine to enhance his performance on the basketball court. Which of the following side effects are possible
brain siezures
Connie's teenage daughter follows a strict diet during the day, exercises excessively, binge eats in the evening, and often takes laxatives. Connie should be concerned that her daughter has
bulimia nervosa
Sleep rebound on weekends
can lead to difficulty falling asleep on subsequent evenings
During puberty, the hands, legs, and feet accelerate first, followed by the torso. This is a reversal of the _____ trend
cephalocaudal
Which of the following sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can lead to infertility and sterility if left untreated
chlamydia
Researchers who followed a large, representative sample of U.S. youths from ages 9 to 17 found that
daily free-time physical activity declined with age, more so for girls than boys
Julianna is obese. She is likely to experience menarche ____ the average girl
earlier than
Brooke has been experiencing a period of rapid pubertal change. Brooke is in which phase of adolescence
early adolescence
Follow-ups reveal that ____-maturing _____, especially, are at risk for lasting difficulties
early, girls
Early sexual activity is more common among young people from ____ homes
economically disadvantaged
Teenagers at greatest risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are
economically disadvantaged young people who feel a sense of hopelessness
Fathers of daughters with anorexia nervosa tend to be
emotionally distant
Franca, age 11, recently started contradicting and disagreeing with her parents. She is self-conscious and often goes to her room and closes the door. Franca is a head taller and several pounds heavier than most girls in her sixth-grade class. Franca has probably
entered adolescence
In contrast to young people with anorexia, those with bulimia nervosa
feel depressed or guilty about their abnormal eating habits
Which of the following accurately characterizes the three-phase sequence that many gay and lesbian adolescents and adults move through in coming out to themselves and others
feeling different, confusion, self-acceptance
By the time a child of adolescent parents starts school
fewer than one-fourth have regular paternal contact
___ is strongly associated with greater intake of fruits, vegetables, grains, and calcium-rich foods
frequency of family meals
Studies involving genetic influences on sexual orientation indicate that
gay brothers often have an identical segment of DNA on the X chromosome
Compared to teenagers of previous generations, today's teenagers
get much less sleep
Secretions of ___and ___ increase during puberty, leading to tremendous gains in body size and to attainment of skeletal maturity
growth hormone (GH); thyroxine
Research shows that about half of adolescent fathers
have been incarcerated
Research shows that sex education programs focusing on abstinence _____ delaying teenage sexual activity
have little or no impact on
Kevin, a sexually active teen, has fluid-filled blisters on his genitals, a high fever, and a severe headache. Kevin's doctor will probably find that Kevin has
herpes simplex 2
Which of the following common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) of adolescence is caused by a virus
herpes simplex 2
Hormonal changes during puberty are initiated and regulated by the ____, a structure located near the ____
hypothalamus, pituitary gland
In adolescence, the number of red blood cells ____ in ____
increases, boys but not girls
In the United States, the most controversial aspect of adolescent pregnancy prevention efforts is
increasing access to contraceptives
Primary sexual characteristics
involve the reproductive organs directly
Contemporary research suggests that the storm-and-stress notion of adolescence
is greatly exaggerated
Gemma eats very little. She is likely to experience puberty ________ the average girl
later than
According to the most recent, nationally representative survey of U.S. high school students, 39 percent of tenth graders have tried at least one illegal drug, usually
marijuana
Vegetarian adolescents
may have diets that are deficient in certain nutrients
Alyssa has anorexia nervosa. Which of the following symptoms will she likely display
menstrual cycle disruptions
Boys typically respond to spermarche with
mixed feelings
Higher pubertal hormone levels are _____ linked to ____ moodiness
modestly, greater
Reduced educational and occupational attainment
often persists well into adulthood for both teenage mothers and fathers
Compared with adult mothers, adolescent mothers
perceive their infants as more difficult
Findings that a secular trend exists for pubertal timing lends added support to the role of
physical well-being in adolescent growth
____ is a modern substitute for the physical departure of the adolescent from the home.
psychological distancing
The beginning of adolescence is marked by
puberty
Sexual attitudes in North America are
relatively restrictive
When children's safety and security are at risk, it is adaptive for them to
reproduce early
Ethan is an early-maturing boy. He is probably perceived by both adults and peers as
self-confident
____ is a strong predictor of the onset of an eating disorder in adolescence
severe dieting
In Freud's genital stage
sexual impulses reawaken, triggering psychological conflict and volatile behavior
Of all age groups, adolescents are the most likely to
skip breakfast
Teenage alcohol and drug use rates in the United States have ____ since the mid-1990s
substantially declined
Girls commonly react to menarche with
surprise
Which of the following fosters high physical self-efficacy during adolescence
sweating and breathing heavily, during exercise
Mr. Wellington wants to reduce drug experimentation among the teens in his community program. He should
teach students skills for resisting peer pressure
Fourteen-year-old Phil experiences muscle growth and notices the growth of body and facial hair. Which of the following hormones is responsible for this change
testosterone
Female puberty usually begins with
the budding of breasts
The first sign of puberty in boys
the enlargement of the testes
Treating individuals with anorexia is difficult because
they commonly deny the seriousness of their disorder
Compared with Caucasian-American families, African-American families
treat menarche as an important milestone
Natalie and James are fraternal twins. Their parents should expect that James will reach puberty _____ Natalie
two years later
In boys, the voice change
usually takes place at the peak of the growth spurt
Girls who ____ are more likely to develop lesbian or bisexual orientations
were exposed prenatally to very high levels of androgens and estrogen
Parents and teens quarrel more often
when there is a large gap between parents' and adolescents' views of teenagers' readiness for new responsibilities
Chinara is an early-maturing girl. She is most likely to be perceived as ____ by her peers
withdrawn
Which of the following teens is likely to have the most stable moods
19-year-old Jesse
Which of the following adolescent mothers is most likely to break the intergenerational cycle of adolescent parenthood
Prudence, who marries her daughter's father
Which of the following statements about concussion injuries is true
Concussions can have lasting effects on cognitive and emotional functioning
Which of the following adolescents is most likely to have parents with a permissive attitude about sex
Fau, a Papua New Guinean
Which of the following statements about body fat and puberty is true
Few studies report a link between body fat and puberty in boys
Which of the following statements about HIV and AIDS is true
One-fifth of U.S. HIV cases are young people between ages 13 and 24
Which of the following statements about adolescent sexual attitudes and behavior is true
About 70 percent of sexually active teenagers report that they first had sex with a steady dating partner
Which of the following statements about body proportions during puberty is true
Girls' hips broaden relative to the shoulders
Which of the following statements about automobile accidents and adolescent drivers is true
Graduated licensing laws greatly reduce adolescent traffic fatalities
Which of the following statements about brain development in adolescence is true
Adolescents react less strongly to stressful events than adults do and experience pleasurable stimuli less intensely
Which of the following statements about adolescent drug abuse treatment is true
Adolescents who are motivated from the start of treatment have better outcomes
Which of the following athletes is especially likely to continue her activity into adulthood
Alena, a cross-country runner
Which of the following statements about muscle-fat makeup in adolescence is true
Although both sexes gain in muscle, the increase is 150 percent greater in boys
Which of the following girls is likely to reach menarche first
Angelique, who is a middle-income African American
Which of the following girls is most likely to develop anorexia nervosa
Ashley, a Caucasian American
Which of the following statements about sex hormones is true
Both androgens and estrogens are present in boys and girls
Twins, Jake and Molly, age 15, are both athletic. Which of the following is probably true
By midadolescence, Jake will run faster and throw farther than Molly
Which of the following girls is most at risk for an eating problem
Caity, who reached puberty early
Early-maturing ____ girls tend to report a less positive body image than other girls
Caucasian
Which of the following statements regarding the intergenerational continuity of adolescent pregnancy and parenthood is true
Marriage may limit the negative impact of teenage childbearing on development by reducing family stress
Which of the following statements about firearms and adolescent injury is true
Metal detectors in schools have had little impact on youth violence
The Rourke's have a teenage son and daughter. Which of the following is most likely to be true
Mr. Rourke's conflict with his daughter will be more intense than conflict with his son