Chapter 14 questions
Which of the following diseases is the most virulent? A. Hep B B. Herpes simplex C. HIV D. TB
A
All of the following should be considered high-priority transport, EXCEPT: A. patients with difficulty breathing but who are responding to treatment B. patients with difficulty breathing C. patients with circulatory compromise D. patients with altered mental status
A
As you are taking the SAMPLE history, it is important to ask about which of the following? A. all are correct B. herbal medications C. over-the-counter medications D. prescriptions
A
Human immunodeficiency virus is an example of infection with which type of organism? A. virus B. Fungi C. Bacteria D. Helminth
A
In addition to obtaining a SAMPLE history and asking questions related to the chief complaint, what else should you specifically inquire about when assessing a patient with a potentially infectious disease? A. Recent travel B. HIV status C. Sexual practices D. Drug allergies
A
The greatest danger in displaying a personal bias or labeling a patient who frequently calls EMS is: A. overlooking a potentially serious medical condition. B. making the entire EMS system look unprofessional. C. demeaning or humiliating the patient and his family. D. discouraging the patient from calling EMS in the future
A
Typical chief complaints in patients with an infectious disease include: A. fever, rash, nausea, and difficulty breathing. B. crushing chest pain, vomiting, and weakness. C. headache, low back pain, and arm numbness. D. joint pain, muscle aches, and blurred vision.
A
What mnemonic is used to determine a patient's chief complaint? A. OPQRST B. AVPU C. TACOS D. SAMPLE
A
Which of the following conditions often requires transport to a hospital with specialized capabilities that may not be available at the closest hospital? A. Seizures and infection B. Cardiac arrest and shock C. Stroke and heart attack D. Diabetes and migraines
A
Which of the following is NOT considered a critical aspect in the management of a medical patient? A. route driven to hospital B. Destination selection (specialty hospitals) C. Type of transport (air vs ground) D. Scene time (10 minutes or less for critical patients)
A
most patients with infectious diseases will have a(n) _______ of unexplained origin or mild _______ problems A. fever, breathing B. ulcer; gastrointestinal C. headache; temperature D. fever; gastrointestinal
A
the most important part of the scene size-up is to make sure that: A. the scene is safe enough B. there are enough EMTs to handle the emergency C. you are wearing all protective gear necessary D. you address the chief complaint
A
Medical patient assessment focuses on which of the following? A. Chief complaint B. Physical injuries C. NOI D. MOI
A and C
A patient who presents with a headache, fever, confusion, and red blotches on his or her skin should be suspected of having: A. hepatitis B. meningitis C. MERS-CoV D. tuberculosis.
B
A(n) _____ can be spread from one person or species to another. A. contamination B. Communicable disease C. infectious disease D. Virulence
B
An anaphylactic reaction constitutes what type of medical emergency? A. Hematologic B. Immunologic C. Toxicologic D. Cardiovascular
B
An index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as: A. the EMT's prediction of the type of illness a patient has based on how the call is dispatched. B. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illness. C. ruling out specific medical conditions based on the absence of certain signs and symptoms. D. determining the underlying cause of a patient's medical condition based on signs and symptoms.
B
During the management of a patient with a possible infectious or communicable disease, the EMT must complete which of the following? A. notify other EMTs that the patient has an infectious disease B. clean equipment according to you agency's exposure control plan, properly dispose and disposable supplies, and wash any linens C. properly discard any disposable supplies and linens D. clean equipment according to exposure control plan
B
HIV is caused by what type of organism? A. Fungus B. Virus C. Protozoa D. Bacteria
B
In contrast to the assessment of a trauma patient, assessment of a medical patient: A. almost exclusively focuses on physical signs that indicate the patient is experiencing a problem B. is focused on the nature of illness, the patient's chief complaint, and his or her symptoms. C. requires a thorough head-to-toe exam that involves a detailed assessment of all body systems. D. is not as complex for the EMT because most patients typically present with classic symptoms.
B
The time on scene should be limited to_________ minutes for critical patients? A. 15 B. 10 C. 30 D. any of these could be appropriate
B
Which of the following best describes a communicable disease? A. A disease that is transmitted through contaminated drinking water B. A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another C. presence of infectious organisms on or in objects D. the growth and spread of small harmful organisms within the body
B
Which of the following is an example of a common urologic emergency? A. Testicular torsion B. Kidney stones C. Priapism D. Acute urinary retention
B
Which of the following questions would be the MOST pertinent to ask a patient who recently returned from Europe and is now ill? A. What was the purpose of your travel? B. Is anyone else in your travel party sick? C. Will you be traveling again in the future? D. How much time did you spend in Europe?
B
Which of the following serious communicable diseases is spread by airborne transmission A. syphilis B. TB C. Hep A D. HIV
B
Which of the following statements regarding medical emergencies is correct? A. Medical emergencies always take priority over traumatic injuries. B. Medical emergencies can appear to be traumatic in nature. C. Medical emergencies and traumatic injuries always have distinctive presentations. D. Medical emergencies rarely precipitate traumatic injuries.
B
Which of the following will MOST reliably allow you to determine the nature of a patient's illness? A. Trending of the patient's vital signs over time B. Asking questions related to the chief complaint C. Refraining from asking open-ended questions D. Focusing solely on how the call is dispatched
B
You have just completed your primary assessment of a 48-year-old man with crushing chest pain and difficulty breathing. The patient has been given 324 mg of aspirin and is receiving supplemental oxygen. As you begin your secondary assessment, you note that his mental status has deteriorated and he is now bradycardic. You should: A. continue with your secondary assessment. B. prepare the patient for immediate transport. C. insert a nasal airway and assist his breathing. D. request an ALS unit to respond to the scene.
B
You should wear a HEPA respirator during all of the following procedures, EXCEPT: A. performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation B. all are correct C. assisting with endotracheal intubation D. suctioning of airway secretions
B
if you have a conscious medical patient, what type of secondary assessment should you perform? A. secondary assessment of the entire body B. detailed physical examination of chief complaint C. examine the head, scalp, and face D. no secondary assessment
B
what is an important difference between treating a trauma patient and treating a medical patient? A. only trauma patients have endured traumatic situations B. the condition of a medical patient may not be as apparent as a trauma patient C. you do not need to contact medical control when treating medical patients D. Medical patients do not have to be transported to the ED as quickly
B
your best approach to treating a medical patient is to keep calm, use your__________, treat the patient's symptoms, report to medical control, and transport the patient safely. A. index of suspicion B. patient assessment skills C. all are correct D. HEPA respirator
B
At what point should you make a preliminary transport decision? A. After secondary assessment B. During reassessment C. Once the preliminary assessment is complete D. During scene size-up
C
The primary prehospital treatment for most medical emergencies: A. typically does not require the EMT to contact medical control. B. focuses on definitive care because a diagnosis can usually be made. C. addresses the patient's symptoms more than the actual disease process D. .involves transport only until treatment can be performed at the hospital.
C
Three months after returning home from West Africa, a 50-year-old man begins experiencing a fever, cough, and muscle aches. The EMT should suspect: A. Ebola. B. hepatitis. C. influenza. D. whooping cough.
C
Upon initial contact with a patient who appears to be unconscious, you should: A. assess breathing depth and determine the respiratory rate. B. squeeze the trapezius muscle to see if the patient responds. C. attempt to elicit a verbal response by talking to the patient. D. direct your partner to apply oxygen via nonrebreathing mask.
C
What is an index of suspicion? A. The ability to determine how contagious an infectious disease is B. An outcome of scene size-up that indicates whether law enforcement should be called C. An awareness that unseen life-threatening injuries or illness may exist D. level of understanding whereby you can determine multiple NOIs
C
Which of the following statements regarding the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is correct? A. HIV is far more contagious than hepatitis B and is easily transmitted in the health care setting. B. The risk of HIV infection is high, even if an infected person's blood comes in contact with your intact skin. C. The risk of HIV infection is greatest when deposited on a mucous membrane or directly into the bloodstream. D. Most patients who are infected with HIV experience chronic symptoms that vary in duration and severity.
C
You are dispatched to a home where you find a 45-year-old woman in apparent respiratory distress. She is using accessory muscles to help breathe and can only respond with short answers. What is the first step in your assessment process? A. Manage the airway B. Obtain vital signs C. Determine scene safety D. Perform a secondary assessment
C
Your patient's symptoms include high fever, cough, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and shortness of breath. Which of the following should you suspect? A. Influenza B. Hepatitis B C. MERS-CoV D. Whooping cough
C
a one-celled microscopic organism that might cause disease is the description for which type of organism? A. helminth B. bacteria C. protozoa D. virus
C
which of the following is an example of a common hematologic emergency? A. heart attack B. all are correct C. sickle cell disease D. congestive heart failure
C
"Tunnel vision" occurs when ___________. A. there appears to be no explanation for the patient's condition B. you have confirmed the field impression for your patient C. all but one possibility for the patient's condition has been eliminated D. you exclude certain possibilities for the patient's condition
D
Early signs and symptoms of viral hepatitis include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. loss of appetite and a cough. B. vomiting, fever, and fatigue. C. pain in the muscles and joints. D. jaundice and abdominal pain.
D
Factors that increase the risk for developing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) include: A. prior exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. B. failure to be vaccinated against any strain of hepatitis C. a history of a respiratory illness within the past 6 to 8 weeks. D. prolonged hospitalization, especially in an intensive care unit.
D
Jaundice is a sign of which disease? A. meningitis B. HIV C. Herpes simplex D. Hepatits
D
Medical patient assessment is focused on which of the following observations? A. chief complaint B. Symptoms C. Nature of illness (NOI) D. All are correct
D
The acronym "TACOS" is used to _________. A. rule out certain medical conditions B. determine the nature of the patient's chief complaint C. confirm your patient's priority for transport D. identify factors that may complicate the patient's condition or your treatment
D
Which of the following statements is not true about a pandemic? A. people have little or no immunity to the virus B. it can be found in multiple countries simultaneously C. it spreads easily from person to person D. the vaccine is often available quickly
D
Which type of hepatitis has a vaccine available? A. Toxin-induced hepatitis B. Hep C C. Hep D D. Hep B
D
Why is tuberculosis not more common than it is? A. Droplet nuclei that spread the infection have a very short lifespan B. Human beings have natural immunity C. The BCG vaccine is 95% effective D. Infected air is easily diluted with uninfected air, so transmission is inefficient
D
Your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illness is called the A. Nature of illness (NOI) B. scene-size up C. secondary assessment D. index of suspicion
D