chapter 14 review quiz

Unanswered Question 5 0 / 1 pts When did the term stress enter scientific literature?

1930s

Unanswered Question 36 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

A burst of energy enables Hassan to run fast when he sees a skunk in his path.

Unanswered Question 73 0 / 1 pts Who said, "The intensity and chronicity of human stress is governed largely by perceived control over the demands of one's life"?

Albert Bandura

Unanswered Question 60 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about the relationship between stress and performance is true?

As stress levels increase from low to moderate, performance also increases.

Unanswered Question 11 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of a stimulus-based definition of stress?

Caroline experiences stress because she is home alone and hears unusual noises outside.

Unanswered Question 67 0 / 1 pts Nawaz and his boyfriend break up. Nawaz makes an internal attribution for this outcome. Complete the sentence to show an internal attribution that Nawaz could make. My boyfriend broke up with me because ________.

I am unlovable.

Unanswered Question 77 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

Latricia has been lost in the woods for days. After such a long period of anxiety and fear, Latricia collapses by a tree.

Unanswered Question 51 0 / 1 pts How can a study that involves exposing people to live viruses demonstrate a link between stress and impaired immune function?

Stress weakens the immune system, so people with high stress levels should be more likely to get sick.

Unanswered Question 23 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a negative effect of extended cortisol release caused by chronic or prolonged stress?

The immune system is weakened.

Unanswered Question 76 0 / 1 pts What is one reason that more affluent individuals may experience better health?

They tend to believe they can personally control and manage their reaction to life's stressors.

Unanswered Question 18 0 / 1 pts Marcy is in a car accident. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.

acute

Unanswered Question 7 0 / 1 pts In Hans Selye's rat study, rats that were exposed to stressors over a long period of time showed signs of ________.

adrenal enlargement, thymus and lymph node shrinkage, and stomach ulceration

Unanswered Question 69 0 / 1 pts Which term refers to mental or behavioral efforts used to manage problems relating to stress, including the cause and the unpleasant feelings and emotions it produces?

coping

Unanswered Question 46 0 / 1 pts Which of the following do not contribute to tension headaches?

depression

Unanswered Question 43 0 / 1 pts Ehab is a high school science teacher. He recently received a Teacher of the Year award for his district, but he believes he only received it because no one else bothered to apply for it. He is a popular teacher, but he is convinced the students only pretend to like him so they will get better grades. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?

diminished personal accomplishment

Unanswered Question 38 0 / 1 pts ________ is the kind of stress that exceeds the optimal level, is no longer a positive force, and becomes excessive and debilitating.

distress

Unanswered Question 70 0 / 1 pts People who reach the ________ level of stress feel burned out; they are fatigued, exhausted, and their performance begins to decline.

distress

Unanswered Question 39 0 / 1 pts Oleksiy is an adjunct professor in the Department of Fine Arts. He applied for a full-time job recently, which he did not get. He tries to put this situation in a positive light, reminding himself that he will have more time to produce artwork if he is not working a full-time job. He also reminds himself that some of his friends from grad school can't find work related to art in any way. Which type of coping approach is Oleksiy using?

emotion focused

Unanswered Question 16 0 / 1 pts Jade hears a rattle. When she turns around she sees a rattlesnake inches from her leg. Her pupils dilate, her heart pounds, and she begins to sweat. This response is called the ________ response.

fight-or-flight

Unanswered Question 29 0 / 1 pts ________ is a state of intense engagement in an activity; it is usually experienced while participating in creative work and leisure endeavors.

flow

Unanswered Question 50 0 / 1 pts Paolo is a writer and when he sits down in front of his computer he can write for hours, forgetting to eat and ignoring his phone because he is intensely engaged in writing. While he is writing, Paolo is experiencing ________.

flow

Unanswered Question 79 0 / 1 pts Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease because it ________.

forces the heart to pump harder, which puts more physical strain on the heart

Unanswered Question 41 0 / 1 pts A ________ psychologist might investigate why people continue to smoke or eat high fat and processed food despite knowing the potential adverse health implications of such behaviors.

health

Unanswered Question 34 0 / 1 pts The Center for Investigating Healthy Minds conducts rigorous academic research on ________.

healthy aspects of the mind, such as kindness, forgiveness, compassion, and mindfulness

Unanswered Question 52 0 / 1 pts What triggers the secondary appraisal of a stressor?

how a threat is perceived

Unanswered Question 24 0 / 1 pts Over the past few years, research suggests that stress levels in the United States have ________.

increased

Unanswered Question 3 0 / 1 pts Taylor is a social worker. He is overworked, his caseload is overwhelming, and he no longer believes that what he does on a day-to-day basis has any real impact or improves anyone's life. Taylor is probably suffering from ________.

job burnout

Unanswered Question 28 0 / 1 pts Factory worker, supermarket cashier, and short-order cook are all examples of occupations with high levels of ________.

job strain

Unanswered Question 37 0 / 1 pts Optimism is a tendency toward a(n) ________.

positive outlook and positive expectations

Unanswered Question 42 0 / 1 pts Which kind of psychology seeks to identify and promote those qualities that lead to happy, fulfilled, and contented lives?

positive psychology

Unanswered Question 33 0 / 1 pts Researchers who studied people injured in the 9/11 attacks found that the injured later suffered from ________. These results demonstrate how stress is linked to the development and progression of a variety of physical illnesses and diseases.

significantly elevated rates of heart disease

Unanswered Question 4 0 / 1 pts Advice, guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and financial help are all examples of ________.

social support

Unanswered Question 78 0 / 1 pts Guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance are all examples of ________.

social support

Unanswered Question 56 0 / 1 pts A demanding or threatening event is often called a(n) ________.

stressor

Unanswered Question 10 0 / 1 pts A stressor would be appraised as a ________ if someone anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence; however, if someone believes that it carries the potential for gain or personal growth, it would be appraised as a ________.

threat; challenge

Unanswered Question 12 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of eustress?

training for a marathon

Unanswered Question 20 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is not one of the three aspects of job burnout?

wanting to quit

Unanswered Question 13 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of a secondary appraisal of a stressor?

Berkley believes she can end an argument with her wife by apologizing or buying her wife a gift. She decides apologizing is more effective.

Unanswered Question 26 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a good example of a response-based definition of stress?

Bruce experiences stress because his heart rate increased when he noticed Jack had a knife.

Unanswered Question 74 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a reason that depression is associated with heart disease?

Depression may increase the likelihood of living an unhealthy lifestyle, which increases the risk of heart disease.

Unanswered Question 55 0 / 1 pts Who developed biofeedback as a technique to treat combat stress?

Gary Schwartz

Unanswered Question 25 0 / 1 pts What do studies show about the relationship between stress and memory?

Moderate stress can enhance both immediate and delayed recall of educational material.

Unanswered Question 15 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? It is well established that long (aerobic) but not short (anaerobic) duration exercise is beneficial for both physical and mental health.

The phrase "but not" should be changed to the word "and."

Unanswered Question 64 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following statement true? In the general adaptation syndrome, the fight-or-flight reaction describes the body's immediate reaction upon facing a threatening situation or emergency.

The phrase "fight-or-flight" should be changed to the word "alarm."

Unanswered Question 8 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In high-stress humans, exercise has been shown to prevent telomere lengthening.

The word "lengthening" should be changed to the word "shortening."

Unanswered Question 65 0 / 1 pts Noomi seems to live by the "don't sweat the small stuff" concept. She is relaxed, laid-back, and never seems too concerned about meeting deadlines or finishing a to-do list. Noomi has a ________ personality.

Type B

Unanswered Question 71 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of the resistance stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

Tyrique almost falls out of the tree, but he grabs a branch, and now that the danger of falling has passed, he focuses his energy and attention on getting down from the tree safely.

Unanswered Question 35 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about the male and female experience of stress is true?

Women report experiencing more stress than men.

Unanswered Question 6 0 / 1 pts A(n) ________ attack is often triggered by environmental factors, such as air pollution, allergens, cigarette smoke, airway infections, cold air or a sudden change in temperature, and exercise.

asthma

Unanswered Question 17 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of a stressor?

being in car accident

Unanswered Question 80 0 / 1 pts Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.

chronic

Unanswered Question 61 0 / 1 pts ________ is the kind of stress associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance.

eustress

Unanswered Question 31 0 / 1 pts Angela transfers to a new high school for gifted children and has trouble making friends. She expected this and plans to change it by joining more after school clubs and sitting next to different people at lunch. She believes she has effective options for dealing with the stressor of having no friends; therefore, she experiences ________.

less stress than someone who has no effective options

Unanswered Question 30 0 / 1 pts The relaxation response technique is a stress reduction technique that combines elements of relaxation and ________.

meditation

Unanswered Question 1 0 / 1 pts Lydia is often described as having a positive outlook on life. She assumes the best of people and situations. Lydia exemplifies ________.

optimism

Unanswered Question 75 0 / 1 pts Brizan has just lost his job. He is proactive in trying to resolve this source of stress: He immediately uses the Internet to look up other jobs in his field and plans to eliminate non-essentials from his budget to make his savings last longer. Which type of coping approach is Brizan using?

problem focused

Unanswered Question 21 0 / 1 pts Ashaela is Black, and she is attending a college with a predominately White population. She is the only Black student in several of her classes; last week in her psychology class, another student muttered a racist slur as she passed Ashaela's desk. Ashaela is attempting to cope by talking to her parents about her heritage and joining the Black Student Union on campus. This exemplifies the ________ strategy for coping with racism.

racial identity

Unanswered Question 19 0 / 1 pts Which demographic category reported the least amount of stress during 1983, 2006, and 2009?

retired people

Unanswered Question 48 0 / 1 pts Who defined stress as, "the response of the body to any demand, whether it is caused by, or results in, pleasant or unpleasant conditions"?

Hans Selye

Unanswered Question 2 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of a primary appraisal of a stressor?

Humphrey judges the man with the gun to be a moderate threat.

Unanswered Question 44 0 / 1 pts Is anger suppression or anger expression a more effective approach for coping with racism?

Some research shows anger suppression is more effective while other research shows anger expression is more effective.

Unanswered Question 9 0 / 1 pts What can be changed to make the following sentence true? The physical symptoms of psychophysiological disorders are nonexistent, and they can be produced or exacerbated by psychological factors.

The word "nonexistent" should be changed to the word "real."

Unanswered Question 49 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Psychoneuroimmunology evolved from the discovery that there is a connection between the peripheral nervous system and the immune system.

The word "peripheral" should be changed to the word "central."

Unanswered Question 57 0 / 1 pts What is a major criticism of both the stimulus- and response-based definitions of stress?

These definitions provide a complete definition of stress.

Unanswered Question 54 0 / 1 pts Dr. Frobish possesses a ________ behavior pattern because she is an intensively driven workaholic, preoccupied with deadlines, and always seems to be in a rush.

Type A

Unanswered Question 59 0 / 1 pts ________ is stress-reduction technique whereby electronic equipment measuring a person's involuntary (neuromuscular and autonomic) activity helps him gain a level of voluntary control over these processes.

biofeedback

Unanswered Question 53 0 / 1 pts Hans Selye's definition of stress is considered a response-based definition because it conceptualizes stress chiefly in terms of the ________.

body's physiological reaction to any demand that is placed on it

Unanswered Question 14 0 / 1 pts Heather considers taking a new job. She focuses on the increased opportunities for promotion and the higher salary rather than her increased responsibilities; therefore, she views the new position as a ________ rather than a ________.

challenge; threat

Unanswered Question 27 0 / 1 pts Noticing that you have difficulty concentrating during and after periods of prolonged stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.

cognitive

Unanswered Question 58 0 / 1 pts Rush hour traffic, lost keys, obnoxious coworkers, and inclement weather are all examples of a(n) ________.

daily hassle

Unanswered Question 47 0 / 1 pts A high-stress job, overcrowding, and long commutes to work are examples of the way some psychologists conceptualize stress as a ________.

demanding or threatening event or situation

Unanswered Question 72 0 / 1 pts Doug is an emergency room nurse in a large, underfunded, public hospital. Lately, he finds himself assuming that the patients he sees are just trying to get free drugs to feed an addiction. Just yesterday a little boy was brought in with a broken arm, and Doug found that he was completely indifferent to the boy's pain. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?

depersonalization

Unanswered Question 22 0 / 1 pts Anna is a school counselor. She hates going to work and wants to lock the door and cry whenever a student comes to her for help. She just doesn't feel like she has anything left to give. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?

exhaustion

Unanswered Question 45 0 / 1 pts Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.

physiological

Unanswered Question 32 0 / 1 pts Keegan is a police officer. She was recently placed on administrative leave because she was shot during an armed robbery. Since the shooting, she can't stop thinking about how it felt to be shot, she is often angry with her husband, she jumps when she hears a loud noise, and she takes a 15 minute detour when driving home to avoid the neighborhood where it happened. Keegan probably suffers from ________.

posttraumatic stress disorder

Unanswered Question 63 0 / 1 pts Which type of appraisal involves judgment about the degree of potential harm or threat to well-being that a stressor might entail?

primary

Unanswered Question 62 0 / 1 pts The concept of perceived control refers to ________.

beliefs about the capacity to influence and shape outcomes in our lives

Unanswered Question 68 0 / 1 pts A stressor is likely to be appraised as a threat when someone ________.

anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence

Unanswered Question 66 0 / 1 pts Alma has a serious disease in which the airways of her respiratory system become obstructed, leading to great difficulty expelling air from the lungs. Which disease does Alma have?

asthma

Unanswered Question 40 0 / 1 pts Rheumatoid arthritis is considered a(n) ________ disease because it involves the body mistaking its own healthy cells for invaders and repeatedly attacking them.

autoimmune