Chapter 15 and 16
What did it declare Henry as
" The only supreme head on earth of the [new] Church of England"
Angliganism
- King Henry VII -Denied divorce - made a church: England -6 wives to get a boy
Origin of Protestant reforation
Germant
The study of classics included the literature of where?
Greek and Rome
Two new religious orders included: and what vows did they make
Society of Jesuits and Carmelite poverty
Humanism, and important intellectual movement of the Renaissance, was based on the study of the _________
classics
What method did Protestant teachers use
humanists
What did Anabaptists call for
they considered all to be equal and total separation between church and state
Christine de Pizan
- She is known for her works written in defense of women ---Wrote the Book of the City of Ladies whcih argues for women to have same education as men
Raphael
-He was admired for his numerous madonnas -His School of Athens
How and when did the end to religious warfare in Germany come, and what did this mean for christianity?
1555 He was forced to seek religious peace
What factors contributed to foster a religious reformation in Europe?
Christians humanisms goal to reform the catholic church Martin Luther criticized the church the rise of lutheranism political struggles against charles V
What was the purpose of marriage?
For security- financial and safety
Who made the movable type?
Johann Gutenberg
Who emphasized the idea of predestination?
John Calvin
Diet of Worms
Luther's trial Excommunication
What was the first Protestant faith
Lutheranism
Who wrote the Prince?
Niccolo Machiavelli
Who introduced Protestant reforms and in what city
Ulrich Zwingli Zurich
What were the major territorial states?
Venice, Mulan, Florence, Kingdom and Naples, and papal states
Desiderius Erasmus
believed that Christianity should show people how to live good lives on a daily basis, not just provide beliefs that might help them be saved.
Where and when did Martin Luther issue his 95 Theses?
by posting it on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg on October 31st 1517
What did Queen Mary I do and why
had almost 300 Protestants burned as heretics in an effort to restore Roman Catholicism in England
Why did Charles V opposed the Reformation?
he wanted it to continued being united
Who was Martin Luther, and what idea of his became the chief teaching of the Protestant Reformation
he was a monk in he catholic church. Professor at university in Wittenberg His chief teaching was Jurisdiction by faith alone
Pope Leo X
selling of indulgences
How did the growth of monarchial states in Europe affect the Italian states?
they had competition from surrounding states later on invaded them
What did Dante write in and what was it?
vernacular, the local spoken language
Luteranism
-2 Sacraments -Bible > Sole authority of Church
Calvinism
-John Calvin -predestination -agreed with Luther on salvation
How did the ideas of the Renaissance influence art and education?
-They wanted to create well-rounded individuals -They wanted people to get educated in school by offering liberal studies Since they were smart: printing press: read they started to print everyday life
Machiavelli
-believed in no morality -the ends justify the means -renaissance man
What allowed Renaissance artists to achieve the realistic portrayal of the individual?
-emphasis on the technical side of painting -study of movement and human anatomy
Result of Reformation
1 church to many new uni reading less pope power
In the year 1545 the pope called the _______ __ _____
Council of Trent
Who is the author of Divine Comedy?
Dante Alighieri
Who was the best-known Christian human humanist, and what did he believe?
Desiderius Erasmus he believed that Christianity should show people how to live good lives on a daily basis
Who is known as the father of Italian Renaissance humanism?
Francesco Petrarch
Who offered opposition to the rule of Charles V?
Francis I King of France and invasions from the Ottoman empire Princes of Germany
What did Machiavelli think about the connection between politics and moral?
He believed they were unrelated
The Jesuits
Ignatius de Loyola faith + good works = salvation council of trent 7 no indulgences
Who was of the first to use the technique of oil paintings?
John Van Eyck
Why was Luther made an outlaw within the holy Roman Empire
Martin called him out and made people realize it
Michelangelo Buonarroti,
Michelangelo's figures on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome depict an ideal type of human being with perfect proportions.
Which artists during the Renaissance captured the perfection of nature and of the individual in their art?
Raphael, Michelangelo, and Leonardo
What was expected of the nobility in Renaissance society?
The nobility had to be a well developed person, be a warrior, and have a good education.
How did these states rise to power, and what kind of power did they have?
The states prospered from trade. They were decentralized- no central authority
Describe the lives of the urban upper class in Renaissance society?
The upper class were rich mainly by being merchants and lived in wealthy communities
Why did Christian humanists call for reform in the church?
a series of Italian popes cared more about politics than religion. Church officials used their church offices to advance their careers and wealth. Priests were ignorant and no help
Francesco Petrarch
credited with starting the Reanissance
Like painters, Renaissance sculptors and architects sought to portray a _____-________ _____
human-centered world
The increasingly secular focus of education in the humanist movement led to a core of topics called _______ _______
liberal studies
Tommaso di Giovanni, called Masaccio
made fresco perspective
Mary I
married to Pilip II of Spain 1st married queen of Englans
Leonardo da Vinci
mastered the art of realistic painting, even dissecting human bodies to better understand their workings He wanted to create idealized forms that captured the perfection of nature in the individual Leonardo could not express his vision of perfection fully in a realistic style.
Anabaptism
no heiracy radicals by everyone shouldnt baptise baby
What did Francesco Petrarch begin to emphasize
on using pure classical Latin
Martin Luther believed that the _______ should pay for school
public
What was the role of the mother-wife in the italian family?
supervise the household and raise children
What declared Henry VII
the Act of Supremacy of 1534
How were the lives of burghers and workers similar?
their lives were similar since they both were considered the middle class
