Chapter 2: Health Education and Health Promotion - ML5 ~ NURSING 1

Which patient is most in need of health education by the nurse?

A 62-year-old male with chronic kidney injury. - Patients with chronic illnesses and disabilities are among those most in need of health education.

A nurse is caring for a client who wants to quit smoking. The client tells the nurse he has thrown out all of his cigarettes. Which stage is the client in, according to the transtheoretical model of change?

Action

The Healthy People initiatives have targeted the improvement of health for all. In addition to eliminating health disparities, what are the broad goals of the Healthy People initiatives?

Increasing the quality and length of a healthy life.

The nurse is planning to teach a 75-year-old patient about administering his medication. How can the nurse best enhance the patient's ability to learn?

Making the information relevant to the patient's condition

The home health nurse is planning teaching for a client with COPD and a history of noncompliance to the medication regimen. Which factor does the nurse recognize as having the most influence on enabling complete adherence to a health regimen?

Motivation

Health education is important for all patients and families. Of the four groups listed below, which group is most in need of health teaching?

Patients with chronic illnesses, because life-long interventions and adjustments can improve the quality of life

Choose the nursing statement that would best reflect the final component of the "Ask-Tell-Ask-Close" technique of communication and demonstration.

"Can you repeat for me the information I just reviewed about weighing food portions?"

Which stage of the transtheoretical model occurs when the patient has serious consideration of change, but it is sometime in the future?

Contemplation

Which of the following is a diagnosis related to health education?

Ineffective health maintenance

The nurse determines that a client would benefit from changing a lifestyle factor that adversely affects health. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the client takes responsibility for the health problem created by the lifestyle factor?

"Having a cocktail every night after work has contributed to my liver disease."

A nurse is teaching a client on the proper technique of using a metered dose inhaler. In the middle of the teaching the client states, "This is so hard! I'm nervous I'm going to do this wrong!" To facilitate learning for the client, what statement will the nurse use in response to the client's concern?

"Let me break it down in smaller steps."

What percentage of people older than 65 years have one or more chronic disease(s)?

80%

A health care provider asked a nurse to teach a patient how to self-administer subcutaneous insulin. After collecting her assessment data and drafting her plan, the nurse selected the teaching strategy that research has indicated has the highest chance of reinforcing knowledge. Which of the following strategies did the nurse select?

Assisting the patient to perform the skill in a simulated setting

Which is an example of a direct measurement technique used to evaluate the teaching-learning process?

Behavioral observation

Which step of the nursing process determines whether the client understands the health teaching that is provided?

Evaluation

Which of the following is accurate regarding wellness? Select all that apply.

It is the result of adopting lifestyle behaviors for the attainment of one's highest potential. One tries to maximize one's own health. It requires a conscious commitment.

Which of the following is an example of adherence to treatment? Select all that apply.

Maintaining a healthy diet. Self-monitoring for signs and symptoms of illness. Taking prescribed medications. Increasing daily activities.

Which factor is a leading health indicator used to measure the health of the nation?

Overweight and obesity

The nurse is developing a health-promotion program at a company in which many employees are women in their 20s and 30s. For this population, the nurse plans to include information about

Parenting issues - Young adults in their reproductive years want information about parenting issues. Values training is geared more for adolescents.

A nursing student observes the home care nurse provide education to a client with congestive heart failure (CHF). The nurse teaches the client how to read food labels and calculate sodium content. The nursing student recognizes that the home care nurse is aware of which basic principle of patient education?

Patient instruction related to self-care activities promotes patient independence

An example of evidence-based practice would be:

Patients on bed rest are turned every 2 hours to prevent the formation of bedsores.

Which phase of the nursing process encompasses the establishment of expected outcomes?

Planning

The home health nurse reviews a medication administration calendar with an elderly patient. In order to consider sensory changes that occur with aging, how should the nurse proceed?

Print directions in large, bold type, preferably using black ink.

The school nurse informs the mother of a second-grade student that lice were found in the child's hair. The mother explains to the nurse that she has another child to pick up and cannot stay to receive education related to the treatment of lice at this time. The mother reassures the nurse that she will "look up treatment options on the Internet and take care of the child." What would be the best action of the school nurse in this situation?

Provide the mother with a list of credible websites related to the treatment of lice

The nurse is caring for a 12-year-old client. When teaching the client, what tone of teaching should the nurse implement?

Relevant

A nurse is preparing teaching for a client with an auditory perceptual disorder. Which educational strategy will be most effective?

Repeat and reinforce words frequently.

The nurse notes that a client who was instructed on how to do a prescribed treatment 1 week ago is unable to perform the task. Which action will the nurse take to improve this client's health literacy?

Review the material to determine that it is appropriate for the client.

A school nurse is developing a program about positive health practices for adolescents. The nurse includes information about

Self-esteem

The nurse is preparing a learning contract for a client to adhere to a prescribed activity schedule. Which content will the nurse include in the contract to motivate the client?

Series of short, measurable goals

The nurse is concerned that an older adult client with diabetes will have difficulty adhering to an eating plan. Which assessment finding alerted the nurse to question this client's level of health literacy?

Stated problems with balancing a checkbook

The nurse is instructing a client on the preparation and self-administration of insulin. Which technique will the nurse use to facilitate the client's emotional readiness to learn the skill?

Teach-back

A nurse is planning discharge instructions for a client from another culture. What does the nurse understand about the relationship of values and beliefs and the client's readiness to learn?

The client will be less likely to accept health education unless values and beliefs are respected.

An individual's health status is an outcome of a complex interplay between a number of different factors. Which of the following factors is the strongest predictor of a patient's health status?

The individual's level of health literacy. - Health literacy encompasses a complex group of reading, listening, analytical, and decision-making skills, and the ability to apply these skills to health situations. Health literacy has been shown to be more salient than genetics, socioeconomic status, or the amount of health education received in the determination of health status.

Based on the nurse's knowledge of nonadherence to therapeutic regimens, which nurse needs to place extra emphasis on adherence to the treatment plan?

The nurse planning to teach adults aged 65 about congestive heart failure management

The termination stage of the Transtheoretical Model of Change begins when which action occurs?

The person has the ability to resist relapsing back to unhealthy behavior

A nurse is planning a smoking-cessation program for a client and incorporates stages from the Transtheoretical Model of Change in the program. For the client to be successful, the client follows the stages in this order from steps 1 to 5:

Thinks about smoking cessation. Makes a plan to cease smoking. Takes steps to stop smoking. Works to prevent relapse of smoking. Resists relapsing into smoking.

Despite chronic illnesses and disabilities, the elderly benefit most from what kind of activities?

Those that help them maintain independence.

Which action would be incorporated in a teaching strategy for a hearing-impaired client?

Use of slow, directed, and deliberate speech

A 51-year-old woman is distraught about her new diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). During a recent discussion with her nurse, the nurse mentioned the concept of wellness, which prompted the patient to state, "How can you be talking about wellness at the same time that I've got MS?" Which of the following principles should underlie the nurse's response to the patient?

Wellness involves maximizing function despite limitations.

The nurse is preparing to use the Transtheoretical Model of Change with a client who smokes 2 packs of cigarettes per day. Place in order how the nurse will implement the stages of the model. Use all options.

precontemplative. contemplative. decision making. action. maintenance. termination.

You are the nurse planning to teach tracheostomy care to one of your patients. What is the most important variable in patient teaching that you need to utilize?

Determining the patient's readiness to learn new information

A nurse is aware of both the importance of health education and the fact that it is an independent function of nursing practice. Under which of the following circumstances should a nurse consider providing health education?

During each contact that the nurse has with a health care consumer

Select the nursing action that is least likely to motivate a person to learn.

Emphasis on negative outcomes as a method to prevent learning incorrect practices

A nurse is planning a health education program for a group of high school students regarding the dangers of texting and driving. Which action by the nurse illustrates the understanding of health education as a primary nursing responsibility?

The nurse gathers evidenced-based information related to texting and driving and coordinates the education with the school.

What nursing action involves modifying a teaching program if a learner is not experientially ready?

Changing the wording in a teaching pamphlet so that a patient with a fourth-grade reading level can understand it

The nurse is planning to teach a client who was recently diagnosed with migraine headaches. It is best to teach the client

In a quiet room

A nurse is discussing the need for a client to increase activity level and eat a heart-healthy diet. The client tells the nurse, "I eat just fine and I'm not that fond of exercising." The nurse would identify this client at which stage of change?

Precontemplation - The client is in the precontemplation stage. In this stage, the client would disagree with suggestions that a change in behavior is needed, as evidenced by the client's terse statement in the scenario.

The practice of nursing care is multifaceted in its scope and delivery. Which of the following activities describe the role of nursing? Select all that apply.

Preventing illness Promoting health Health education and maintenance

Part of health promotion in the adolescent population is health screening. What is the goal of health screening in this population?

To detect health problems at an early age, so that they can be treated at this time

The nurse is caring for a client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the client is ready to learn about the disease process and treatment?

"I watched my parent check blood sugar levels several times."