Chapter 23: The Conservative Resurgence Vocabulary

Operation Desert Storm

1991 America- led attack on Iraqi forces after Iraq refused to withdraw its troops from Kuwait

glasnost

Russian term for "new openness", a policy in the Soviet Union in the 1980s calling for open discussion of national problems

Liberal

a person who tends to support government intervention to help the needy and favors laws protecting the rights of women and minorities

vouchers

certificates or other documents that can be used as money

recession

economic decline during which trade and industrial actively are reduced

supply-side economics

economic theory which says that reducing tax rates stimulates economic growth

AIDS and HIV

human immunodeficiency virus that attacks immune system

Manuel Noriega

is a former Panamanian politician and military officer. He was military dictator of Panama from 1983 to 1989, when he was removed from power during the invasion of Panama

Mikhail Gorbachev

is a former Soviet statesman. He was the eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union, having served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991 when the party was dissolved.

Sandra Day O'Connor

is a retired associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving from her appointment in 1981 by Ronald Reagan until her retirement in 2006. She was the first woman to be appointed to the Court.

George H.W. Bush

is an American politician who served as the 41st President of the United States from 1989 to 1993, and the 43rd Vice President of the United States.

Conservatives

person who trends to support limited government involvement in the economy, community

SDI--Strategic Defense Initiative, "Star Wars"

plan to develop innovative defenses to guard the US against nuclear missile attacks

perestroika

policy in the Soviet Union in the late 1980s calling for reconstructing of the stagnant Soviet economy

New Right

political movement supported by reinvigorated conservative groups in the latter half of the twentieth century

Moral Majority

political organization establishes by Reverend Jerry Falwell in 1979 to advance religious goals

Iran-Contra

political scandal under president Reagan involving the use of money from secret arms sales to Iran to illegally support the Contras in Nicaragua

apartheid

political system of strict segregation by race in South Africa

unfunded mandate

program or action required but not paid for by the federal government

deregulation

reduction or removal of government controls over an industry

budget deficit

shortfall between the amount of money spent and the amount taken in by the federal government

Tiananmen Square massacre

site in Beijing where Chinese students prodemocracy protests were put down by the Chinese government in 1989

Ronald Reagan

tap into the Major Majority and the New Right to win the presidency in 1980 over Jimmy Carter

Savings and Loan crisis

the failure of about 1,000 savings and loan banks as a result of risky business practices

divest

to take away or rid oneself of

national debt

total amount of money that the federal government

Nelson Mandela

was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician, and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999

Saddam Hussein

was the fifth President of Iraq, serving in this capacity from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003