Chapter 24: Parathyroid and Adrenal Disorders

Question 10 of 12 Which of the following most likely causes Mary's low blood glucose?

Low cortisol

Question 6 of 12 What is another name for Mary's condition?

Addison's disease

Question 4 of 12 Mary presents in your office with the unusual complaint of being "more tan" than expected based on her self-report sun exposure. Follow up questions reveal that Mary has been experiencing severe fatigue, dizziness upon standing, and an overall feeling that "something is wrong." You examine Mary and order blood tests. The test results show the following abnormalities: low cortisol, low aldosterone, elevated ACTH, low blood glucose, low serum sodium, elevated serum potassium, normal calcium, normal PTH. Mary is taking no medications. Which of the following conditions is most likely based on Mary's laboratory results?

Adrenal insufficiency

Question 7 of 12 Mary reports that she is taking no medications. Which medications may cause adrenal insufficiency?

Corticosteroids

Question 4 of 5 A disorder of the anterior pituitary resulting in elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone is known as ____________. Cushing's syndrome Addison's disease Cushing's disease pheochromocytoma acromegaly

Cushing's disease

Question 1 of 12 Lee, age 45, recently received a phone call from his physician who was concerned about some laboratory values obtained at a recent appointment, specifically extremely elevated serum calcium levels. Which of the following disorders may result in a pronounced elevation in serum calcium?

Hyperparathyroidism

Question 4 of 5 Which of the following would you expect to see in a patient suffering from Addison's disease?

Hypoglycemia

Question 12 of 12 Which of the following conditions do you also suspect Mary may experience?

Hypotension

Question 8 of 12 What explains Mary's "tan" appearance?

Increased ACTH leads to increased melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

Question 1 of 5 A patient was recently admitted with primary hyperparathyroidism. Which of the following laboratory values would you expect to see? Select all that apply. Decreased parathyroid hormone Increased serum calcium Increased parathyroid hormone Increased serum phosphate Decreased serum calcium

Increased parathyroid hormone Increased serum calcium

Question 5 of 5 To determine if a patient is suffering from pheochromocytoma, which laboratory values would you examine?

Norepinephrine

Question 5 of 12 Based on Mary's laboratory results, which form of adrenal insufficiency does Mary have?

Primary adrenal insufficiency

Question 2 of 12 At his follow-up examination, Lee's laboratory values revealed elevated serum PTH, elevated serum calcium, and reduced serum phosphorus. What form of hyperparathyroidism does Lee exhibit?

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 3 of 12 Had Lee been experiencing primary hypothyroidism, instead of primary hyperparathyroidism, what laboratory results would you expect?

Reduced PTH, reduced calcium, elevated phosphorus

Question 5 of 5 Which of the following laboratory values may lead you to believe a patient has Cushing's syndrome? Select all that apply. Elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone Elevated cortisol Elevated norepinephrine Reduced cortisol Reduced adrenocorticotropic hormone

Reduced adrenocorticotropic hormone Elevated cortisol

Question 11 of 12 What factor is likely playing a role in Mary's abnormal serum sodium and potassium levels?

Reduced aldosterone

Question 9 of 12 Which of the following may also result in a "tanned" appearance?

Secondary adrenal excess

Question 1 of 5 Primary hyperparathyroidism is most commonly caused by ______________.

a tumor of the parathyroid glands

Question 2 of 5 Secondary hyperparathyroidism may result from _______________. Select all that apply. a tumor of the anterior pituitary gland. any disorder that causes hypocalcemia. a tumor of the parathyroid gland. suppressed parathyroid hormone secretion. failure of the kidneys to reabsorb calcium.

any disorder that causes hypocalcemia. ailure of the kidneys to reabsorb calcium.

Question 3 of 5 In Cushing's syndrome, a ____________ adrenal gland causes elevated levels of _____________.

hyperactive; cortisol

Question 3 of 5 Pheochromocytoma __________________. Select all that apply. is a disorder of the adrenal medulla. results in elevated cortisol levels. mimics Addison's disease. results in reduced norepinephrine levels. may cause elevated heart rate and blood pressure.

is a disorder of the adrenal medulla. may cause elevated heart rate and blood pressure.

Question 2 of 5 Destruction or removal of the parathyroid glands will cause _________________.

primary hypoparathyroidism