Chapter 24: The New Deal, 1933-1939
By the time Franklin Roosevelt was inaugurated as president in 1933, employment stood at
25 percent
Between 1930 and 1932, about how many banks had failed?
5,000
What politician of the 1930s promised "fewer radio talks, fewer experiments,and a lot more common sense"?
Alfred M. Landon
Mary McLeod Bethune
An educator who sought improved radical relations and educational opportunities for black Americans, she was part of the U.S. delegation to the first United Nations meeting (1945)
The Civilian Conservation Corps was administered by the
Army
What opponent of FDR was known as the "radio priest"?
Charles Coughlin
Roosevelt's most popular and successful program was the
Civilian Conservation Corps
Agricultural Adjustment Act
Created under Roosevelt's New Deal program to help farmers, its purpose was to reduce production of staple crops, thereby raising farm prices and encouraging more diversified farming
Eleanor Roosevelt
Diplomat,writer,and First Lady of the United States (1933-1945) as the wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. A delegate to the United Nations (1945-1953), she was an outspoken advocate for human rights. Her written works include This I Remember (1949)
When did the new president have his "fireside chat" with American citizens about banking?
During his declared "bank holiday" when all banks were closed
National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
Enacted on June 16, 1933, this emergency measure was designed to encourage industrial recovery and help combat widespread unemployment
Who did not gain notoriety as a criminal during the Depression era?
Frank Capra
What did Franklin Roosevelt do as a part of his reiteration of the Good Neighbor Policy?
He recalled hundreds of American Marines from Haiti.
What would describe the style of FDR?
He was willing to experiment and he said that to the American people
The person who advocated making "every man a king" was
Huey Long
Whose plan would have given every family a house, a car, a radio, and a minimum $2,500 income?
Huey P. Long
What did not contribute to Roosevelt's reelection in 1936?
Many of the country's Republicans newspapers supported him against their own party's candidate.
What prominent African American did Eleanor Roosevelt invite to tea at the White House?
Mary McLeod Bethune
The Blue Eagle was the symbol of the
National Recovery Administration
The Grapes of Wrath
Novel by John Steinbeck depicting the struggle of ordinary Americans in the Great Depression, following the plight of the Joad family as it migrated west from Oklahoma to California
Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)
One of the New Deal's most popular programs, it took unemployment young men from the cities and put them to work on conservation projects in the country
Marian Anderson
Opera singer and human rights advocate, she performed on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial before a crowd of seventy-five thousand after being denied the use of Constitution Hall by the Daughters of the American Revolution. She helped focus national attention on the radical prejudice by African Americans in all facets of national life.
Huey P. Log
Populist but dictatorial governor of Louisiana (1928-1932), he instituted major public works legislation, and as a U.S. senator (1932-1935), he proposed a national "Share-the-Wealth" program
The New Deal program most associate with the establishment of codes for businesses was the
Public Works Administration
What program was responsible for building the Golden Gate Bridge, Grand Coulee Dam, and many schools and hospitals ?
Public Works Administration
Harry Hopkins
Roosevelt's choice to run the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. He eventually became Roosevelt's closest advisor.
New Deal
Term for the domestic programs and reforms instituted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt and his administration in response to the Great Depression of the 1930s.
Civil Works Administration (CWA)
The agency tasked with creating jobs and restoring self-respect by handing out pay envelopes instead of relief checks. In reality, workers sometimes performed worthless tasks, known as "boondogles," but much of the $1 billion budget was spent on projects of lasting value including airports and roads
Dust Bowl
The name given to areas of the prairie states that suffered ecological devastation in the 1930s and then again to a lesser extent in the mid-1950s
John L. Lewis
U.S. labor leader; president of the United Mine Workers of America (1920-1960) and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (1935-1940)
Which of Roosevelt's agencies was created with the intent to create "jobs,jobs,jobs!"?
WPA
The focus of the investigation of the Nye Committee was American involvement in
World War I
At the time of the 1934 elections, most Americans
approved of the New Deal Programs but felt that they needed to do more.
One of FDR's first moved in the area of foreign policy was his
formal recognition of the communist government of the Soviet Union
Conservative business leaders formed the American Liberty League in 1934 to
get FDR voted out of office in 1936
FDR misjudged the reaction of the American public the most when he tried to
implement an Old Age Pension plan
The worst violence in a labor strike during FDR's second term took place
outside Republic Steel Mill's South Chicago Mill.
In regard to organized labor, Franklin Roosevelt
preferred to help workers through the government rather than through unions.
Under the Agricultural Adjustment Act , the federal government paid subsidies to farmers who
reduced their crop productions
In early 1938, the Nazis took a fatal step when they
sent the first Jews to Buchenwald
The "first hundred days" referred to
the Congressional session that was held just after FDR's inauguration
What began in 1937?
the Social Security payroll tax
During the 1930s all of the following grew in popularity except
vausdeville