Chapter 25 Review
How did Olaudah Equiano work to strengthen the abolition movement?
He lobbied government officials and members of parliament
European ruling elites were able to extinguish rebellions because they had access to military forces, weapons, and _____.
Horses
From 1500 to 1800 the population of sub-Saharan africa
Increased
European expansion of the African slave trade created ______ that affected societies in the Atlantic Ocean basin.
Involuntary migration
One of the major effects of the Fulani military expedition in Africa was the laying of the foundation for the creation of
Islamic states
One reason that the Haitian revolution was important was that
It inspired other slaves to revolt
One of the reasons Songhay rulers valued Islam was because
It was important for trade
Which kingdom came to dominate the region around Lake Chad
Kane's-Bornu
Around 1652 the Dutch conquered the ______, whom they pejoratively called the Hottentots.
Khoikhoi
Which group of people did the Dutch easily enslave around 1652?
Khoikhoi
The Songhay empire was preceded in west Africa by the _____ and the Mali empire.
Kingdom of Ghana
Social units, such as those formed after the Bantu migration, that served as a basis of social and political organization are known as _______ groups.
Kinship
Timbuktu was one of the most important commercial and cultural centers in the _______ and Songhay empires.
Mali
Which of the following became the most important American crop in African agriculture due to its high production in tropical soils?
Manioc
Runaway slaves were known as
Maroons
Soon after Spanish colonists established their first plantations in the islands, they expanded their operations into what area?
Mexico
Most African slaves in Europe worked as _______, porters, or domestic servants.
Miners
The Portuguese in the Kongo and Angola gave support to Christian priests and
Missionaries
Why was music important to slaves in the Americas and the Caribbean?
Music helped them retain their culture
After the eighth century, one of the largest markets for the sale of slaves was run by _______ merchants.
Muslim
In the Songhay empire, encouraging the practice of Islam served as a way to deal with
Muslim merchants
In the seventeenth century, the Portuguese wanted to set up a colony to support large-scale slave trading in the kingdom of ______.
Ndongo
Sunni Ali created a navy to patrol which important commercial highway?
Niger River
About 5% of slaves from Africa were shipped to
North America
Of all the slaves that were delivered from Africa to the Western Hemisphere, about half half went to the Caribbean, and about _______ went to Brazil.
One-third
Sunni Ali's Songhay administration could be described as
Organized
Even though some slaves were used as domestic servants, urban laborers, and miners, most were agricultural workers who labored on _______ in the Americas and the Caribbean.
Plantations
Why did relations between Kongo and Portugal deteriorate?
Portugal sought opportunities south of Kongo
Queen Nzinga led her subjects in battle against which colonizing group?
Portuguese
Many Africans believed in a remote, creator God and
Powerful spirits
Slaves in Africa were considered important because they were
Property that could be inherited
Portuguese forces were able to conquer Angola after the death of
Queen Nzinga
according to Olaudah Equiano's writings, what did some prisoners do that caused them to be whipped hourly?
Refused to eat
Which of the following crops was not an American crop imported into Africa?
Rice
Slaves demonstrated resistance to their situation in which of the following ways?
Running away Working slower Sabotaging plantation equipment
Why were African slaves typically not working on European fields?
Serfs and free peasants worked the land
The most important commodity sought by the Portuguese was
Slaves
One distinguishable feature regarding slavery in Africa was that
Slaves could be admitted into kinship groups
One of the reasons the population of sub-Saharan Africa increased was because
The supply of food staples imporved
One of the factors that enabled Europeans to take over parts of Africa was
Their ability to form alliances and advance their own interests
The western areas between Senegal and Angola were especially exposed to slave raiding because of
Their closeness to slave ports
Which of the following qualities made some maroon communities able to take action against slave owners?
Their military background
Much of the wealth collected by chieftains in the southern regions of Africa consisted of gold, slaves, and ________.
ivory
Why were slaves able to organize against their masters?
slaves greatly outnumbered their masters
During the early days of the middle passage, the mortality rate for slaves on some ships exceeded ______%
50
By the seventeenth century slaves were introduced into the North American mainland by the ______ colonists.
English
True or False: Abolishing the slave trade made commerce in slaves unprofitable and ended the institution of slavery.
False
True or False: the decrease in the price of sugar was parallel to the decrease in the price of new slaves
False
One of the benefits of the slave trade for African people's such as the Asante was accessing
Firearms
The capital city of the Songhay empire was
Gao
Which of the following was one of the earliest kingdoms in Africa?
Ghana
In the trans-Saharan trade, the major trade commodity the kings of Ghana sought to control was ______.
Gold
The Portuguese established Ndongo during the
1500s
Slaves were sometimes employees as
Administrators; soldiers
Some Africans regarded the Christian missionaries they encountered as magicians and
Adopted their religious symbols as charms against evil spirits
Slavery became common in Africa after the Bantu migrations spread _____ to all areas of the continent.
Agriculture
King Nzinga Mbemba of Kongo, who encouraged his subjects to convert to Christianity, was also known as
Alfonso I
Queen Nzinga battled Europeans for forty years to keep them from establishing a colony in ________.
Angola
Dona Beatriz claimed that Saint _____ of Padua had possessed her to deliver his messages.
Anthony
The kingdom of Kanem-Bornu was located
Around Lake Chad
Slave owners in North America sought email slaves because female slaves
Could bear children
Which nation was the last to abolish slavery in the Americas?
Brazil
How did the Kings of Ghana a as a large army and control west Africa?
By taxing and controlling the gold trade in the region
European invaders used existing Mediterranean and Indian Ocean routes for slave trading and
Created new routes across the Atlantic
After turning to investing in manufacturing rather than plantations, Europeans began to see Africa as a source for raw materials and Africans as
Customers for manufactured goods
Who administered the affairs of kinship groups?
Clan leaders
Women soldiers were incorporated into the slave-raiding army in
Dahomey
A contributing factor to the end of slavery was the
Decline of profitability
African law differed from European and Asian law because it
Did not recognize private property
Which of the following did not occur during the middle passage?
Spices were exchanged for gold
The Songhay ruler who constructed an extensive military and administrative organization was ________ _________.
Sunni Ali
Which of the following islands was a Portuguese colony with sugar plantations?
São Tomé
On his second voyage, Vasco de Gama
Taxed the ruler of Kilwa
The fall of the Songhay empire could be attributed to
The Moroccan army
Which of the following areas imported the highest number of slaves in the Western Hemisphere?
The caribbean
Which of the following economic factors helped bring about the end of the slave system?
The cost of purchasing slaves The cost of maintaining slaves The cost of maintaining military forces to suppress slave revolts
Which of the following were shared features of the Caribbean and American plantations?
The production and export of commercial crops A sharp, racial division of labor
The demand for slaves during the Islamic slave trade prompted
The raiding of villages to procure slaves
In which part of present-day United States may creole languages be found?
The south
How did Europeans provide labor for most of the plantations they established in the Americas?
They sought slaves from Africa
How was the government of Kongo administered after it emerged in the fourteenth century?
Through a centralized state
The most important trading cities for the Songhay were Jenne and ______.
Timbuktu
During the fifteenth century Sunni Ali took control of the trading cities _______ and _______ to dominate the central Niger valley.
Timbuktu; Jenne
African society in early modern times acquired new products and materials through ______ with European people's.
Trade
One of the major causes of the decline of Swahili cities was the disruption of their ______ patterns
Trade
To meet the demand for slaves in the Western Hemisphere, the Europeans developed a three-stage trading system called the ______ trade.
Triangular
True or False: Gumbo and okra are examples of cultural traditions introduced to the Americas from Africa.
True
True or False: the diminished profitability of slavery led to a shift to investments in manufacturing industries.
True
Young men constituted what portion of all slaves?
Two-thirds
Which of the following explorers arrived on the eastern part of the African coast before 1500?
Vasco de Gama
The earliest Portuguese slave raiders encountered ______ resistance from Africans.
Violent
One of the reasons the Portuguese declared war with Kongo was because the Portuguese
Wanted access to more profitable business south of the Kongo
Which of the following was not among the adversities that slaves in the Caribbean and the Americas endured?
War
Who commonly became slaves in Africa?
War captives
The Songhay empire dominated which part of Africa?
West
Because women came to make up a higher proportion of the population than men in Angola,
Women took over formerly male duties
