Chapter 3
How many Africans were brought to the western hemisphere as slaves between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries? 14 million 11 million 20 million 18 million
11 million
Which of the following statements about slavery in colonial America is true? - The greatest concentration of slaves was in New England and the Middle Colonies. - After the early 1700s, more slaves were born in America than imported from Africa. - Daily lives for slaves were similar in all colonial regions. - Most slaves kept their African religions instead of accepting Christianity.
After the early 1700s, more slaves were born in America than imported from Africa.
Which of the following was a change effected by the Peace of Paris of 1763? - Britain received title to Canada, Spanish Florida, and the land east of the Mississippi. - It gave Britain Martinique and the Caribbean sugar islands, which were of strategic importance. - The treaty helped France and Britain to improve their trade relationships with Canada. - France gained control of the American interior in exchange for its coastal territories.
Britain received title to Canada, Spanish Florida, and the land east of the Mississippi.
Which of the following prevented Virginians from establishing traditional family lives in the 1600s and 1700s? - Most of them migrated from a cross section of English society. - Virginia had a constant flow of immigrants. - The Virginians found no economically viable crop. - Diseases and other hazards increased the death rate at Virginia.
Diseases and other hazards increased the death rate at Virginia.
Which of the following was the major reason why the New England families used their adolescent children for work? - They wanted their children to learn the work. - The life expectancy of New England families was short. - They were afraid of black slaves. -Employing large gangs of dependent workers was uneconomic.
Employing large gangs of dependent workers was uneconomic.
Which of the following terms refers to specific goods, not produced in England, that were the targets of special laws? forbidden goods goods under Class B inferior goods enumerated goods
Enumerated Goods
What did early New Englanders believe about families? - Men should not marry before the age of thirty. - Families were essential to maintaining social order. - The leader of the family must be a woman. - A woman need not defer to her spouse.
Families were essential to maintaining social order.
Which of the following led to the demise of the much-hated Andros regime? Virginian Revolution American Revolution Glorious Revolution Bacon's Rebellion
Glorious Revolution
Which of the following arguments was an element of the concept of mercantilism? If colonists export to nations other than Britain, it is a loss to Britain. Britain should encourage free trade in order to obtain maximum growth. Foreign resources are not critical to the British economy. Britain can be profitable only if it maintains a balance of trade.
If colonists export to nations other than Britain, it is a loss to Britain.
How did increased consumption in colonial America influence the development of an American culture? The deep religious differences that existed in the American society were exacerbated by the consumer revolution. The consumer revolution weakened ties between America and Britain and fostered a uniquely American culture. The consumer culture helped to define and exaggerate regional identities as opposed to a single American identity. Increased trade among the colonies helped create new ties between American communities.
Increased trade among the colonies helped create new ties between American communities.
How did the Great Awakening change the attitudes of Americans? - It encouraged them to speak up and take an active role in their salvation. - They began to value experimental evidence over religious faith. - They started believing that God is not a supernatural power. - Many of them lost faith in Christianity after the Great Awakening.
It encouraged them to speak up and take an active role in their salvation.
How did the advent of evangelicalism affect American society? It discouraged political apathy in favor of spiritual growth. It gave people new faith in ministers and institutions. It offered a pessimistic and deterministic view of the future. It gave rise to the formation of many competing churches.
It gave rise to the formation of many competing churches.
Which of the following was an effect of the Navigation Act of 1660? - rights of colonists who traveled to the New World were clearly defined. - Duties and surcharges were imposed on goods imported to America. - Restrictions were imposed on import of black labor from Africa. - It increased English control over trade with its colonies.
It increased English control over trade with its colonies.
What was the effect of the demographic shift that occurred in late-seventeenth-century Chesapeake society? - It helped to reduce the inequality that existed in society. - It led to the emergence of the planter class. - It led to low economic dependence on tobacco. - It helped to establish communication between the colonies in the New World.
It led to the emergence of the planter class.
From which of these areas were the Spanish expelled for more than a decade in the late 1600s? - modern California - Florida - Mexico - modern New Mexico
Modern New Mexico
Which of the following statements, if true, would disprove the mercantilist arguments raised by the dominant commercial powers of Europe? - The consumer revolution was beneficial for the colonies. - A nation can be more profitable when the merchants are minimally taxed. - Domestic industries will always be at a loss if foreign products are imported. - Nations across the globe will benefit if the trade between them is free.
Nations across the globe will benefit if the trade between them is free.
German settlement in the colonies was especially heavy in __________. Massachusetts Pennsylvania Maryland New York
Pennsylvania
How were the German and Scots-Irish immigrant communities in America similar? - Both communities relied heavily on the colonial governments for support. - Religious institutions were the dominant forces in these communities. - Both communities were unstable and acquired the reputation of being rootless. - The agricultural skills of these communities brought their people acceptance among the colonists.
Religious institutions were the dominant forces in these communities.
In which of the following areas did blacks have limited contact with whites? Virginia Massachusetts Pennsylvania South Carolina
South Carolina
What happened in the British colonies after the Restoration of Charles II in 1660? - The colonists were given freedom of speech and religion. - A unified government for Victoria and Maryland was formed. - Strict regulatory policies were formed to bring the colonies under control. - Charles II freed the slaves in Chesapeake colonies.
Strict regulatory policies were formed to bring the colonies under control
How did the American colonists maintain a high level of individual prosperity in the eighteenth century without developing an industrial base? - The Americans exported their crops to European and West Indian markets. - Many of the colonists migrated to Europe, resulting in high reserves of foreign money. - The California Gold Rush and subsequent western migration brought prosperity. - Many of the colonies in America were involved in the extraction of coal.
The Americans exported their crops to European and West Indian markets.
Which of the following occurred as a consequence of the Glorious Revolution in 1869? - The ruling class of England appointed James II as the king. - The Dominion of New England was renamed the Union of New England. - The Dominion of New England's governor Sir Edmund Andros was jailed. - More powers were given to the general court and the governor's veto power was removed.
The Dominion of New England's governor Sir Edmund Andros was jailed.
Sir Edmund Andros was overthrown as governor of the Dominion of New England after __________. King Philip's War Bacon's Rebellion the Glorious Revolution the Salem Witch Trials
The Glorious Revolution
Why were the planters in the colonies unhappy with the Navigation Act of 1663? - The act enforced free trade and increased competition in the market. - The act introduced restrictions on the amount of land that one could own. - The act allowed planters from various European nations to enter America. - The act enforced collection of English customs on tobacco.
The act enforced collection of English customs on tobacco.
What was distinctive about the Christianity of black slaves? - The blacks transformed Christianity by retaining some of their African elements. - Black slaves adopted the theology but not the rituals of Christianity. - Most black people practiced Christianity publicly but Islam in private. - Blacks in the colonies adopted a Christianity that was Catholic in its theology but Puritan in its worship.
The blacks transformed Christianity by retaining some of their African elements.
Which of the following led to a distinct black culture in the lowlands of South Carolina? - The blacks were placed on isolated rice plantations and had limited contact with whites. - The blacks had a friendly relationship with the native Indians. - Most of the blacks obtained formal education and were literate. - Many of the blacks were freemen and were independent of the planters.
The blacks were placed on isolated rice plantations and had limited contact with white
What was the explanation given by the adolescent girls of Salem Village for their strange behavior? - The girls claimed to be victims of witches. - The strange behavior was attributed to parental torture. - The girls said they were suffering from a deadly disease. - The girls claimed that they were mentally unstable.
The girls claimed to be victims of witches.
Why was it essential for Virginia and Maryland to have a constant flow of immigrants? - Salaries of the immigrants were lower than those of the earlier settlers. - The population constantly needed replacing due to high death rates and low birth rates. - Most immigrants brought with them needed supplies. - Virginia and Maryland did not have many opportunities, so colonists moved to Florida.
The population constantly needed replacing due to high death rates and low birth rates.
Why did Pennsylvania's proprietors initially welcome the Scots-Irish who settled on their western frontier? - The proprietors wanted a barrier between the Indians and the coastal communities. - The land settled by the Scots-Irish was not profitable for either agriculture or mining. - The Scots-Irish were stronger than the incumbents and wanted to establish an alliance. - The Scots-Irish wanted land for rent, which meant financial gain for the proprietors.
The proprietors wanted a barrier between the Indians and the coastal communities.
Which of the following events occurred after the formation of the Dominion of New England? - The king formed local assemblies within the Dominion and normal town meetings were arranged. - The tighter control afforded by the Dominion created a backlash. - New England became economically stronger and incumbents became more satisfied. - Tax exceptions were given to the people who belonged to the Dominion of New England
The tighter control afforded by the Dominion created a backlash.
What impact did the Seven Years' War have on the minds of American colonists? - They realized the importance of establishing colonial boundaries. - They became aware of being part of a great empire. - The strains of war weakened their relationship with Britain. - They came to reject imperialism.
They became aware of being part of a great empire.
How did New Englanders differ from the Chesapeake colonists in their system of labor? - They gave an annual salary to their servants. - They placed their adolescent children as servants in neighboring households. - They provided better living conditions and rewards to workers. - They awarded land to dependent workers after their term of employment had ended.
They placed their adolescent children as servants in neighboring households.
What would have happened to the early New Englanders if they had not migrated within nuclear families? - They would have shown more cohesion in groups. - They would not have fully preserved the local English customs. - They would have become slaves of the landlords. - They would have been more likely to form large plantations.
They would not have fully preserved the local English customs.
What led to Bacon's Rebellion? - A plantation duty was imposed on the planters in America. - William Berkeley refused to retaliate against a group of Indians who had attacked colonists. - The Navigation Act of 1673 was introduced. - King William III replaced the ineffective Lords of Trade with a body of advisers that came to be known as the Board of Trade.
William Berkeley refused to retaliate against a group of Indians who had attacked colonists.
Which of these was true of women in the New England colonies? - Divorce was easily obtained through the church. - Women gained extensive property rights. - Women attended church at much higher rates than men. = The economic role of women was marginal.
Women attended church at much higher rates than men.
Which of these was typically true of New England women in the 1600s and 1700s? - Most New England women were slaves. - Women had no property rights. - Women contributed little to the household economy. - Women had low literacy rates for the time.
Women had no property rights.
What did Franklin's Albany Plan envision? - a common royal governor for the northern colonies - a council made up of elected delegates from the colonies - a written constitution for the colonies in New England - an elected assembly for the people of the Chesapeake colonies
a council made up of elected delegates from the colonies
The council that advised the royal governor of an American colony consisted of __________. - colonists selected by the Board of Trade - members elected by the colonists - elected representatives of various estates - representatives of communities in colonies
colonists selected by the Board of Trade
For most of their early history, the colonies of Maryland and Virginia __________. - had harsh laws punishing premarital sexual relations - provided a healthy environment for child rearing - contained far more men than women - encouraged the formation of stable and long-lasting marriages
contained far more men than women
Which of the following would have prevented the gender imbalance that arose in the Chesapeake? - a cure for malaria - an end to indentured servitude - higher birth rates - encouragement of immigration of families
encouragement of immigration of families
In contrast to the Chesapeake Bay colonists, those in New England __________. - had fewer women and more men in their population - practiced birth control as a means of preventing overpopulation - had shorter life expectancies - enjoyed longer lives and more stable families
enjoyed longer lives and more stable families
Those people accused of being witches in Salem were generally __________. - from the poorer and more uneducated segments of the town - from families associated with Salem's burgeoning market economy - outspoken opponents of the Puritan clergy - notorious for their deviation from the moral norms of the community
from families associated with Salem's burgeoning market economy
After 1690, most of the hostilities that involved American colonists __________. - initially began in Europe - were limited to the North American continent - were most frequently fought on the high seas - involved American colonists being sent to Europe to fight
initially began in Europe
The primary focus of the elected members of the colonial assemblies was to __________. - secure the welfare of workers - establish unified religious customs - enforce English laws - preserve colonial liberties
preserve colonial liberties
What was the goal of the Navigation Acts? - removing Dutch commercial competition - weakening the Portuguese carrying trade - punishing the colonists for Bacon's Rebellion - preserving colonial dependence on Britain
removing Dutch commercial competition
The White Pines Acts were instituted in order to __________. - reserve the best trees for the Royal Navy - prevent the importation of pine trees - prevent the French merchants from gaining profits - obtain additional revenues from pine growers
reserve the best trees for the Royal Navy
Which of the following terms refers to the great religious revival in America during the mid-eighteenth century? the temperance movement the American Enlightenment the American Revolution the Great Awakening
the Great Awakening
Which of the following restricted American trade by requiring that certain goods, including tobacco, first be landed in British ports? the Sugar Act the Navigation Acts the Hat and Felt Act the White Pines Acts
the Navigation Acts
Which of the following was the first permanent European settlement in the area that became the United States? - the English settlement of Jamestown - the British colony of Plymouth - the French colony of New Orleans - the Spanish settlement of St. Augustine
the Spanish settlement of St. Augustine
Which of the following powers, lacked by the British king, was enjoyed by the royal governors of American colonies in the eighteenth century? - the power to impose taxes - the power to appoint a prime minister - the right to award charters - the right to veto legislation
the right to veto legislation
Why did the French decide to seize the Ohio Valley? - as a means of forging alliances with Native Americans in the region - as a tactic in the larger war between the French and British in Europe - to preempt its annexation by the more populous British colonies - to end the domination of Spanish colonists in the American East
to preempt its annexation by the more populous British colonies
What crop became the staple crop grown by most farmers in the Chesapeake region? - tobacco - cotton - indigo - rice
tobacco
Most freemen in Chesapeake society __________. -owned a large number of slaves - were originally indentured servants who sold their services in return for passage to America - were members of the planter class - originally migrated to New England as yeoman farmers
were originally indentured servants who sold their services in return for passage to America