Chapter 3- Classification and Measures of Strength and Positive Outcomes, POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY - CHAP 3, CH.3 Classifications and Measures of Strengths and Positive Outcomes

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Strength is defined as the...

Capacity for feeling, thinking, and behaving in a way that allows optimal functioning in the pursuit of valued outcomes

justice

Citizenship Fairness Leadership

humanity

love kindness social intelligence

The VIA Classification of Strength - Christopher Peterson

strength based approach to diagnosis and treatment ( treatment manuals focused on enhancing strengths may one day accompany the diagnostic manual)

The Search Institute's Developmental Assets was designed to answer...

"What protects children from today's problems?"

Gallup's Clifton StrengthsFinder asks the question...

"What would happen if we studied what was right with people?"

futuristic

( peer over the horizon)

Strategic

( sort through clutter, and find the best route)

ideation

(Fascinated with ideas)

Arranger

(Organizer; conductor)

Maximizer

(excellence NOT average)

Donald Clifton

- Based his analysis of success on a simple question: What would happen if we studied what is right with ppl?

Three models of the classifications of strength...

1) Gallup Themes of Talent 2) Values in Action Classification of Strengths 3)Search Institute's 40 Developmental Assests

What are the two classifications of illness accepted world-wide?

1) International Classifications of Diseases (ICD) 2) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

Clifton Youth StrengthsExplorer measures...

10 Talent Themes for children and youth (10-14 years old)

How many languages does the Clifton StrengthsFinder have available?

17

The V.I.A Classification of Strengths measures...

24 Strengths that meet 10 criteria

The VIA Inventory of Strengths measures...

24 character strengths for adults

StrengthsFinder 2.0 measures...

34 Talent Themes for adolescents and adults

The Search Institute Profiles of Student Life describes...

40 developmental assets, 8 thriving indicators, 5 developmental deficits, and 24 risk-taking behaviors

The V.I.A Classification of Strengths provides...

A common language for strengths

Describe Life Satisfaction

A sense of contentment and peace stemming from small gaps b.w wants and needs

Definition of Love/Agape

A spiritual love that reflects selflessness and altruism. Involves being concerned with the welfare of others and putting their needs over one's own needs

What are the Talent Themes for The Clifton Youth StrengthsExplorer?

Achieving, Caring, Competing, Confidence, Dependability, Discoverer, Future Thinker, Organizing, Presence, and Relating

Who is Karl Menninger?

American Psychiatrist - Helped build the world-renowned Menninger Clinic

Transcendence

Appreciation of beauty and excellence Gratitude Hope Humor Spirituality

The V.I.A Classification of Strengths was originally developed to...

Assess a positive youth development program as well as define the concept of strength

Karl Menninger is credited with...

Attempting to shift how healthcare professionals view mental illness

courage

Bravery Persistence Integrity Vitality

The International Classifications of Diseases (ICD) is...

Broad in scope and classifies all diseases (World Health Organization)

Karl Menninger attempted to...

Change the way health care viewed the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of mental illness

The Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders...

Classifies only mental disorders (American Psychiatric Association)

Social well-being is...

Coherence, integration, actualization, contribution, and acceptance

Gallup's Clifton StrengthsFinder is...

Constructed empirically-based semi-structured interviews for identifying talents

Construct equivalence is a...

Culturally normative understanding of a particular construct

The VIA Inventory of Strengths was designed to...

Describe individual differences in character strengths on a continuum and not as distinct categories

Positive outcomes of play...

Develops social, emotional, and physical skills needed to make the most out of life

Strengths are...

Extensions of talent - Strength = talent + related knowledge + related skills (GCSF)

Temperance

Forgiveness and mercy Humility/Modesty Prudence Self-regulation

What are the dimensions of well-being?

Happiness, Life Satisfaction, Emotional Well-Being, Subjective Well-Being, Objective Approaches, Social Well-Being

A psychometrically sound model can...

Help individuals discover how to build upon their talents

Flourishing consists of...

High levels of emotional, psychological, and social well-being (Complete Mental Health)

Subjective well-being consists of...

Individuals' appraisals of their own lives that capture the essence of well-being

A psychometrically sound model...

Is not sensitive to change and should not be used as a pre-post measure of growth

Clifton StrengthsFinder do?

It helps ppl discover how to build their talents to develop strengths within their roles not valid for employee selection or mental health screening used to maximize their potential

The threefold structure of emotional wellbeing is comprised of...

Life satisfaction, positive affect, and the absence of negative affect

VIA Character Strengths

Love, Bravery, Hope, Social Intelligence, fairness

The three main positive outcomes are...

Love, School/Work, and Play

Languishing consists of...

Low levels of emotional, psychological, and social well-being (Incomplete Mental Health)

Positive outcomes of school and work...

Multicultural competence and more effective work relationships

According to GCSF, Talent is defined as...

Naturally recurring patterns of thought, feeling or behavior that can be productively applied

According to GCSF, Talent can be...

Operationalized, studied, and accentuated in work and academic settings

Emotional well-being consists of...

Perceptions of avowed happiness along with the balance of frequent/positive to infrequent/negative affects

20 external assets are the ....

Positive experience that children/Youth gain through interactions with ppl and institutions

3 frameworks and measures of strengths and their: 1. 2. 3. of these recently designed tools

Psychometric Properties Reliability Validity

The VIA Inventory of Strengths is...

Psychometrically sound

StrengthsFinder 2.0 is..

Psychometrically sound and available in 17 languages

The six virtues for the VIA Inventory of Strengths are...

Restraint, Intellectual Strengths, Interpersonal Strengths, Emotional Strengths, and Theological Strengths

The six components of positive functioning are...

Self-acceptance, personal growth, purpose in life, environmental mastery, autonomy, and positive relations with others

Karl Menninger proposed...

Single diagnostic system - life process vs. states or conditions

What is the Dimensions of Well-Being equation?

Subjective/Emotional Well-Being + Psychological Well-Being + Social Well-Being = Complete Portrayal of Mental Health

The Clifton Youth StrengthsExplorer...

Summarizes top three talent themes and comes with a workbook

The V.I.A Classification of Strengths is the antithesis of...

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

Classifications and Measures of Strength

The Gallup Themes of Talent The Values in Action(VIA)Classification of Strengths The Search Institutes 40 Development Assets

Search Institute Profiles of Student life: Attitudes and Behaviors

The measure describes the respondents -40 Developmental Assets -8 thriving indicators -5 developmental deficits -24 risk taking behaviors. -Little info in the public domain about its psychometric properties

Metric equivalence states...

The metrics used in each study should be equivalent

Linguistic equivalence is a...

Translation of common phrases, idioms, and vocabulary

What are the six virtues for the V.I.A. Classification of Stengths?

Wisdom and knowledge, courage, humanity, justice, temperance, and transcendence (thought to emerge across cultures and throughout time)

2 classification of illness have attained worldwide acceptance 1 2

World health Organization (broader in scope, classifies all diseases) -->International Classification of Diseases (ICD) American Psychiatric Association ( Only mental disorders) ---> Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)

The classification of illness had...

a 2,000 year head start on the classifications of strengths

Happiness is not always....

a goal, manifested or defined similarly for ppl in different cultures.

The Gallup Themes of Talent

as measured by the Clifton Strengthsfinder and the Clifton Youth StrengthsExplorer

The Values in Action(VIA)Classification of Strengths

as measured by the adult and youth versions of the VIA inventory of Strengths

The Search Institutes 40 Development Assets

as measured by the search institute profiles of student life: attitudes/behaviors

Strength

capacity for feeling, thinking, behaving in away that allows optimal functioning in the pursuit of values outcomes.

wisdom and knowledge

creativity Curiosity Open-mindedness Love of learning Perspective

Define Subjective Well-being

emotional well-being and happiness (such a the emotional model posted by DIENER, suggests that ppl appraisals of their own lives capture the essence of well-being

Reliability

extend to which a scale is consistent or stable

Donald Clifton views strengths as

extensions of talent

Validity

extent to which a scale measures what it is purports to measure

Themes of talent (5 most dominant)

futuristic Maximizer Arranger ideation Strategic

____ and ____ are components of emotional well-being

happiness and life satisfaction

Psychometric Properties

measurement of characteristics of tools

Construct validity

measures that underlying attributes it intends to measure. Construct validity can be achieved by comparing your measures to other measures that assess a similar construct

RYFF says that some of the favorable outcomes described by positive psychologists can be integrated into a...

model of psychological well-being

Talent

naturally recurring patterns of thought, feeling, or behavior that can be productively applied

A study correlating Clifton StrengthFinder themes with the Big 5 personality constructs

openness conscientiousness extroversion agreeableness neuroticism

Donald Clifton believed talents could be 1. 2. 3. 4.

operationalzied, studied, and accentuated in work and academic settings

Donald Clifton considered success to be closely allied with

personal talents, strengths, and analytical intelligence

Languishing

ppl who do not have a mental illness but who are low i social, emotional and psychological well-being

Flourishing

ppl who have high levels of social, emotional, psychological well being

"raw materials"

products of normal healthy development and successful childhood and adolescent experiences

Regarding Construct , the theme score intercorrelations support the...

relative independence of themes, thereby showing that 34 themes provide unique information

RYFFS 6 components of conceptualizing of positive functioning

self-acceptance personal growth purpose in life environmental mastery autonomy positive relations with others

Agape

spiritual love that reflects selflessness and altruism

Describe Happiness

spontaneous reflections of pleasant and unpleasant feelings on ones mediate experience

20 internal assets are those personal characteristics and behaviors that

stimulate the positive development of young age

Peterson and Selgiman decided that components of character included:

virtues character strengths situational themes

6 over reaching virtues

wisdom and knowledge courage humanity justice Temperance transcendence

Donald Clifton manifested in life experiences characterized by :

yearning, rapid learning, sanctification and timelessness


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