Chapter 3 Review Questions

Translation is terminated when a stop codon is presented at the ________ site. A) A B) P C) E D) either A or B E) either A or C

A) A

A structural gene encodes the information for a specific protein. A) True B) False

A) True

Synthesis of a new strand of messenger RNA is in the 5' to 3' direction. A) True B) False

A) True

The amino acid sequence of a protein determines its shape and specific function. A) True B) False

A) True

The segment of the DNA molecule where messenger RNA synthesis begins is called the... A) promoter region. B) sigma factor. C) transcription terminator. D) polymerase. E) template.

A) promoter region.

The complimentary messenger RNA strand that would be synthesized from the DNA base sequence of CTGAC would be... A) GACTG B) UGACU C) AGTUG D) GACUG E) GACGU

D) GACUG

Translation is the synthesis of A) mRNA from DNA. B) mRNA from proteins. C) proteins from DNA D) proteins from mRNA E) proteins from tRNA

D) proteins from mRNA

At which of the following level(s) can gene expression be regulated in eukaryotes? A) passage of mRNA through the nuclear membrane B) destruction of the mRNA C) rate of protein synthesis D) A and B E) A, B and C

E) A, B and C

Which of the following best describes translation? A) DNA -> DNA B) DNA -> RNA C) DNA -> Protein D) RNA -> DNA E) RNA -> Protein

E) RNA -> Protein

Which of the following occurs as the ribosome shifts down the mRNA by a distance of three nucleotides? A) the tRNA that was in the A site moves into the E site B) the tRNA that was in the P site moves into the A site C) the tRNA that was in the E site moves into the P site D) the tRNA that was in the E site moves into the A site E) the tRNA that was in the P site moves into the E site

E) the tRNA that was in the P site moves into the E site

Which of the following best describes transcription? A) DNA -> DNA B) DNA -> RNA C) DNA -> Protein D) RNA -> DNA E) RNA -> Protein

B) DNA -> RNA

The addition of a phosphate to a protein after it is produced is an example of post-transcriptional modification. A) True B) False

B) False

The codon of tRNA is complementary to the anticodon of mRNA. A) True B) False

B) False

The first amino acid enters through the A site. A) True B) False

B) False

The synthesis of messenger RNA is called translation. A) True B) False

B) False

he exons of eukaryotic mRNA are removed and the introns are spliced together. A) True B) False

B) False

RNA polymerase binds to the A) operator. B) promoter. C) regulator. D) terminator. E) enhancer.

B) promoter.

The most efficient control of eukaryotic gene expression is achieved at the level of A) replication. B) transcription initiation. C) post-transcription. D) translation initiation. E) post-translation.

B) transcription initiation.

Nucleotides are the building blocks of A) DNA only. B) RNA only. C) both DNA and RNA. D) neither DNA nor RNA. E) cells

C) both DNA and RNA.

The name of the structure that causes the synthesis of RNA to cease is called the... A) promoter region B) sigma factor C) transcription terminator D) polymerase E) template

C) transcription terminator