Chapter 36 Test EMT

Which of the following is true concerning a stillborn baby? a) The death may occur weeks before delivery b) The parents should never be allowed to see the baby, especially if it has begun to deteriorate c) Resuscitation must always be attempted d) Infants born in cardiopulmonary arrest should not be resuscitated

a) The death may occur weeks before delivery

If the​ baby's head is delivered with the amniotic sac still​ intact, which of the following should be done​ first? a) Use your fingers to tear the sac away from the​ baby's face b) Call medical control before taking action c) Use the scissors in the obstetrics kit to cut the sac away from the​ baby's head d) Leave the sac intact until the entire body is delivered

a) Use your fingers to tear the sac away from the​ baby's face

The term for a baby developing inside the​ mother's womb after 8 weeks​ is: a) fetus b) neonate c) infant d) embryo

a) fetus

You have been called for a 32-year-old female who is in active labor. During your assessment and interview, you note that she is 37 weeks along, this is her first child, and her contractions are 5 minutes apart. She also tells you that her pregnancy is considered "high risk." Your first concern should be: a) getting to the hospital b) calling for a back-up unit c) preparing for the delivery d) assembling your delivery kit

a) getting to the hospital

Which of the following is not advisable following complete birth of the​ infant? a)Hold the infant by the ankles to allow the airway to drain b) Place the infant on his side with his head slightly lower than his body c) Dry the infant and wrap him in a blanket d) Keep the infant at the level of the​ mother's vagina until the cord is clamped and cut

a)Hold the infant by the ankles to allow the airway to drain

When performing chest compressions on a pregnant patient who has gone into cardiac​ arrest, what change do you need to make in the placement of your​ hands? a) 1 to 2 inches lower on the sternum b) 1 to 2 inches higher on the sternum c) 0.5 to 1 inch higher on the sternum d) 0.5 to 1 inch lower on the sternum

b) 1 to 2 inches higher on the sternum

You are assessing a patient in labor. Her contractions are 2 minutes apart, lasting 30 seconds with increasing pain. She states that she does not yet feel the urge to push. These signs indicate she has reached which stage of delivery? a) Third stage b) First stage c) Second stage d) Fourth stage

b) First stage

If assisting in a prehospital delivery while​ off-duty, which of the following would be the best choice for tying or clamping the umbilical​ cord? a) Section of wire coat hanger b) Pair of shoelaces c) White cotton thread d) Clothespin

b) Pair of shoelaces

Your patient is an infant who has been delivered 3 weeks before her due date. She is breathing adequately, has a heart rate of 140 beats per minute, and has cyanosis of her face and chest. Which of the following interventions should be done first? a) Begin CPR with a compression rate of 120/minute b) Place oxygen tubing near the infants face at a flow rate of 10 to 12 liters per minute c) place a neonatal nonrebreather mask on the infant's face d) Perform ventilations with a bag-valve-mask device and supplemental oxygen

b) Place oxygen tubing near the infants face at a flow rate of 10 to 12 liters per minute

What is the temporary organ of pregnancy, which functions to supply the developing fetus with oxygen and nutrients? a) Amnion b) Placenta c) Uterus d) Cervix

b) Placenta

Which of the following is true concerning prehospital delivery of​ twins? a) There are always two placentas b) The infants will probably be smaller than a single infant and special attention should be paid to keeping them warm c) The umbilical cord of the first infant must not be cut until the second infant is born d) This is a true emergency and cannot be managed outside the hospital setting without additional help

b) The infants will probably be smaller than a single infant and special attention should be paid to keeping them warm

You are called for a possible imminent delivery. Your patient is a​ 15-year-old girl who​ is, by your​ estimation, about 8 months pregnant. She tells you that she has been hiding her pregnancy. You are especially concerned about problems she might have during the delivery. Which of the following are findings indicate that there may be a need for neonatal​ resuscitation? a) The mother does not intend to breastfeed b) The mother has not had prenatal care c) The mother has a blood pressure of​ 130/82 d) The​ mother's water has already broken

b) The mother has not had prenatal care

While treating a pregnant patient in cardiac​ arrest, which of the following is the best way to keep the fetus​ alive? a) Transport the patient to the closest pediatric center b) Do an emergency cesarean section of the fetus c) Attempt to resuscitate the patient as you would any other cardiac arrest patient d) Do not use an AED to defibrillate the patient

c) Attempt to resuscitate the patient as you would any other cardiac arrest patient

Which of the following poses the greatest danger to the pregnant woman and her fetus when trauma​ occurs? a) Neurogenic shock b) Supine hypotensive c) Hemorrhagic shock d) Distributive shock

c) Hemorrhagic shock

You respond for an imminent delivery of a baby in the breech position. As you examine the​ mother, you see that the umbilical cord is protruding from the opening of the cervix. You realize that the most important care you can provide for this baby is​ to: a) provide oxygen to the mother b) gently push the cord back into the vaginal space c) keep the baby off of the cord d) wrap the cord to prevent heat loss

c) keep the baby off of the cord

When delivering a​ baby, you should do all of the following except​: a) suction the mouth​ first, then the nose b) have someone stay at the​ mother's head if possible c) place your fingers in the armpit to assist with delivery by pulling on the baby d) position your gloved hands at the vaginal opening

c) place your fingers in the armpit to assist with delivery by pulling on the baby

By the definition, a premature infant is one who is born before how many weeks of pregnancy? a) 28 b) 40 c) 34 d) 37

d) 37

An​ infant's birth weight is considered low if it is less than​ ________ pounds. a) 4.5 b) 2.5 c) 3.5 d) 5.5

d) 5.5

Which of the following is true of premature infants? a) They are at risk for respiratory difficulty b) They are more susceptible to infection c) They can easily develop hypothermia d) All of the above

d) All of the above

Which of the following may result from a woman in her third trimester of pregnancy lying in a supine​ position? a) Maternal hypotension b) Maternal compensation for a decrease in blood pressure c) Fetal compromise d) All of the above

d) All of the above

You are called for a woman who is about to deliver. During the labor process, your patient's water breaks. She experiences a rush of amniotic fluid and an increase in uterine contractions. the purpose of the amniotic fluid is to: a) provide lubrication during the delivery of the baby b) help maintain a constant fetal body temperature c) allow the fetus to float during development d) All of the above

d) All of the above

When assisting with a delivery in the field, which of the following should be done as the baby's head begins to emerge from the vagina? a) Pull on the baby b) Check for crowning c) Advise the mother not to push or strain d) Apply gentle pressure to the head with your gloved hand

d) Apply gentle pressure to the head with your gloved hand

Which of the following describes a breech​ presentation? a) The infant presents buttocks first b) The infant presents with both feet first c) The infant presents face first d) Both A and B

d) Both A and B

Which of the following is indicated in the prehospital management of a prolapsed umbilical​ cord? a) Use your gloved hand to push the umbilical cord back up through the cervix b) Immediately clamp the cord in two places and cut it between the clamps c) Encourage the mother to push forcefully in order to speed delivery d) Place the mother in a​ head-down position with pillows under her hips

d) Place the mother in a​ head-down position with pillows under her hips

Which of the following best describes the term crowning? a) Discharge of bloody mucus b) Complete dilation of the cervix c) Delivery of the head during a breech birth, completing delivery d) Presenting part of the baby being visible at the vaginal opening

d) Presenting part of the baby being visible at the vaginal opening

Which of the following is true concerning trauma in the pregnant​ woman? a) She may lose up to 15 percent of her blood volume before exhibiting signs of shock b) The​ mother's body will preferentially protect the life of the fetus over that of the mother c) The increase in blood volume during pregnancy makes shock an unlikely cause of death d) She may lose up to 35 percent of her blood volume before exhibiting signs of shock

d) She may lose up to 35 percent of her blood volume before exhibiting signs of shock

Which of the following is true regarding ectopic​ pregnancies? a) The fertilized egg usually implants in the wall of the uterus b) It usually occurs during the second trimester c) It may cause painless bright red bleeding d) The fallopian tubes cannot stretch to accommodate a fetus

d) The fallopian tubes cannot stretch to accommodate a fetus

Which of the following best describes placenta​ previa? a) The umbilical cord is the presenting part b) The placenta prematurely separates from the uterine wall c) The pregnancy is lost before the 20th week of gestation d) The placenta is implanted over the opening of the cervix

d) The placenta is implanted over the opening of the cervix

If the​ baby's umbilical cord is noted to be wrapped around his neck after the head is​ delivered, which of the following should be​ done? a) Transport emergently without further intervention b) Immediately cut the cord before delivering the baby c) Clamp the cord in two​ places, but do not cut it until the baby is delivered d) Try to slip the cord over the​ baby's head and shoulder

d) Try to slip the cord over the​ baby's head and shoulder

When clamping the umbilical cord, the clamp closest to the baby should be approximately _____ inch(es) from the infant's body. a) 7 b) 3 c) 12 d) 1

a) 7

During which stage of labor is the baby​ born? a) Second b) Third c) Primary d) First

a) Second

Which of the following best describes the events that occur during the first stage of​ labor? a) Thinning and dilation of the cervix b) Expulsion of the fetus through the birth canal c) Expulsion of the placenta d) Rupture of the amniotic sac

a) Thinning and dilation of the cervix

Which of the following is not part of a basic obstetrics kit? a) Surgical scissors b) Packet of suture material c) Umbilical cord clamps or hemostats d) Baby blanket

b) Packet of suture material

While treating a patient of sexual​ assault, which of the following sequences should your treatment​ follow? a) Maintain scene​ safety, treat immediate life​ threats, and treat only the secondary injuries that may become life threats in order to protect criminal evidence b) Maintain scene​ safety, treat immediate life​ threats, allow the patient to shower if the patient is capable to help treat psychological​ needs, and transport c) Treat immediate life​ threats, treat psychological​ needs, and protect criminal evidence d) Maintain scene​ safety, treat immediate life​ threats, treat medical and psychological​ needs, and protect criminal evidence

d) Maintain scene​ safety, treat immediate life​ threats, treat medical and psychological​ needs, and protect criminal evidence

All of the following are signs of adequate breathing and circulation in the newborn except a) vigorous crying b) cyanosis of only the hands and feet c) heart rate greater than 100 d) relaxation of the extremities

d) relaxation of the extremities

You are assessing a newborn patient 1 minute after delivery. You notice the patient has blue extremities with a pink​ trunk, a pulse of​ 120, and strong crying with good movement of all extremities. What is the​ newborn's APGAR​ score? a) 9 b) 10 c) 8 d) 7

a) 9

Which of the following is of greatest concern for the EMT in the prehospital care of a woman with vaginal bleeding? a) Monitoring for hypovolemic shock b) Obtaining a thorough gynecological history c) Finding out if the patient is currently sexually active d) Preventing infection

a) Monitoring for hypovolemic shock

What term is used to describe delivery of the fetus and placenta before the 20th week of​ pregnancy? a) Spontaneous abortion b) Stillbirth c) Eclampsia d) Induced abortion

a) Spontaneous abortion

Which of the following is a common sign of a pre-delivery emergency? a) There is profuse vaginal bleeding b) Contractions become more intense and closer together c) A sensation of lightening as the baby drops in the birth canal d) The amniotic sac ruptures

a) There is profuse vaginal bleeding

Which of the following is appropriate when caring for a premature​ baby? a) Wrapping the infant in a​ blanket, covering his​ head, and keeping the temperature in the ambulance between 90°F and 100°F b) Deeply suctioning the airway with a rigid​ tonsil-tip c) Encouraging family members to hold the infant d) Applying​ high-concentration oxygen with a neonatal nonrebreather mask

a) Wrapping the infant in a​ blanket, covering his​ head, and keeping the temperature in the ambulance between 90°F and 100°F

You respond to a call for a patient in active labor with her second child. Your interview with the patient shows that she is 40 weeks pregnant and has been in active labor for several hours. You determine that her vital signs are all within normal limits. After your physical exam, you determine the baby is crowning. You should next: a) prepare to deliver the baby on-scene b) contact medical direction for orders c) begin transport and plan to deliver in the ambulance d) delay delivery until arrival at the hospital

a) prepare to deliver the baby on-scene

You have responded to a woman who has possible premature labor. She is 8 months pregnant and is experiencing labor pains. During your assessment, you note that the baby is not yet crowning. You need to determine whether delivery is imminent or not. You should next: a) time her contractions b) check the level of the fundus c) complete a set of vital signs d) check for cervical dilation

a) time her contractions

Which of the following is the highest priority for the EMT when delivering and infant with meconium-stained amniotic fluid? a) Checking for fever b) Being prepared to suction the infant immediately before he takes a breath c) Vigorously rubbing the infant's back immediately upon delivery d) None of the above

b) Being prepared to suction the infant immediately before he takes a breath

Traditionally an APGAR score is taken at what time intervals after​ birth? a) 5 and 10 minutes b) 2 and 7 minutes c) 1 and 5 minutes d) 1 and 6 minutes

c) 1 and 5 minutes

Normal maternal blood loss during delivery of an infant usually does not exceed how​ much? a) 100 cc b) 250 cc c) 500 cc d) 1,000 cc

c) 500 cc

You are assessing a 27-year-old female who is 9 months pregnant with her first child. She has been having contractions for the past 6 hours. As you are about to assist her to your cot, she asks you to wait because she feels the need to use the bathroom. Which of the following is the best course of action? a) Tell the patient she needs to be transported immediately and sing the bathroom will have to wait until she arrives at the hospital b) Allow the patient to use the bathroom because it will make transport and delivery more comfortable c) Advise the patient that this could be an indication that the baby is ready to be born and you need to check to see if the baby's head is visible d) Advise the patient that this could be a sign of a serious complication, have her lie on her left side, apply high-concentration oxygen, and transport immediately

c) Advise the patient that this could be an indication that the baby is ready to be born and you need to check to see if the baby's head is visible

Which of the following is the correct technique to check for crowning in the assessment of a woman in​ labor? a) Place your hand on the​ woman's abdomen, just above the​ umbilicus, and check for the firmness of the uterus during contractions b) Ask the woman to​ "push" or​ "bear down" as you inspect the vaginal opening c) Cover her with a​ sheet, have her remove her​ underwear, wait for a​ contraction, and then visualize the vaginal opening d) None of the above

c) Cover her with a​ sheet, have her remove her​ underwear, wait for a​ contraction, and then visualize the vaginal opening

By which of the following means does the fetal blood pick up nourishment from the mother? a) Direct circulation b) Indirect circulation c) Diffusion d) Osmosis

c) Diffusion

Which of the following is the correct way to time the frequency of contractions in the pregnant woman? a) After counting the number of contractions in a 15-minute period, multiply by 4 b) From the beginning of a contraction to the end of the same contraction c) From the beginning of one contraction to the beginning of the next d) From the end of one contraction to the beginning of the next

c) From the beginning of one contraction to the beginning of the next

Which of the following is an appropriate question to ask while evaluating a woman in labor? a) When was the last time you were sexually active? b) Do you know who the father is and his medical history? c) Is this your first pregnancy? d) None of the above

c) Is this your first pregnancy?

Supine hypotensive syndrome is easily prevented by transporting all​ third-trimester patients in which of the following​ positions? a) Tilted slightly onto the right side b) On the hands and knees with the hips elevated c) Lying on the left side d) Supine with the head lower than the hips

c) Lying on the left side

Which of the following is not relevant in determining whether or not delivery is imminent for a woman in​ labor? a) Determining whether the patient feels as if she needs to move her bowels b) Finding out how many times the patient has been pregnant c) Phoning the​ patient's obstetrician for advice d) Asking how long ago the contractions began

c) Phoning the​ patient's obstetrician for advice

You are called for a woman with severe abdominal pain. During your assessment and​ interview, she tells you that she is sexually active and there is a chance she could be pregnant. Her vital signs are pulse​ 122, respirations​ 22, blood pressure​ 96/62, and skin cool and pale. You should immediately​ suspect: a) appendicitis b) internal bleeding c) ectopic pregnancy d) placenta previa

c) ectopic pregnancy

The muscle contraction mechanism that moves an egg down the fallopian tube toward the uterus is the same mechanism that moves: a) sweat to the surface of the skin b) air down the bronchial tubes to the alveoli c) food from the esophagus to the stomach d) fluid into and out of the cell

c) food from the esophagus to the stomach

You are assessing a pregnant woman whose chief complaint is vaginal bleeding. She is 8 months pregnant and has​ moderate, bright red bleeding with no abdominal pain. She says that her doctor was concerned about the location of the placenta. This condition is known​ as: a) placenta disruption b) unstable placenta c) placenta previa d) abruptio placentae

c) placenta previa

You have been called for a young female in labor. She is lying on the floor in obvious distress from labor pains. While you are assessing her for​ crowning, your partner is getting a set of vital signs. She tells you that she is getting dizzy and nauseated. Vital signs are pulse rate​ 120, respiratory rate​ 22, and blood pressure​ 98/62. You should be concerned that she​ has: a) contracted food poisoning b) placenta previa c) supine hypotensive syndrome d) ​Braxton-Hicks contractions

c) supine hypotensive syndrome

Which of the following should be done when the​ infant's head has been​ delivered? a) Check to see if the umbilical cord is around the neck b) Suction the mouth c) Suction the nose d) All of the above

d) All of the above

The condition in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall is known as which of the following? a) Preeclampsia b) Placenta previa c) Ectopic pregnancy d) Abruptio Placentae

d) Abruptio Placentae

Which of the following conditions should be present before the umbilical cord is cut? a) The cord is clamped in two places b) The cord is no longer pulsating c) The infant is breathing on his or her own d) All of the above

d) All of the above

Which of the following is a cause of gynecological​ emergencies? a) Sexual assault b) Soft-tissue trauma to the external genitalia c) Disorders of the female reproductive organs d) All of the above

d) All of the above

Which of the following should the EMT do to control maternal bleeding after delivery of the baby? a) Massage the uterus until it is firm b) Allow the infant to nurse, if possible c) Apply direct pressure d) All of the above

d) All of the above

Which of the following describes the normal appearance of amniotic​ fluid? a) A fluid containing blood and mucus b) Thin​ fluid, greenish-yellow in color c) Thick​ fluid, greenish-black in color d) Clear and colorless fluid

d) Clear and colorless fluid

Which of the following is true regarding a pregnant​ woman? a) Her pulse rate should be lower than normal b) Her respirations usually remain the same during pregnancy c) Her blood pressure is usually higher during pregnancy d) Diabetes may be made worse during pregnancy

d) Diabetes may be made worse during pregnancy

Seizures due to complications of pregnancy generally occur during which of the following time periods? a) In the first trimester b) Before the mother even knows she is pregnant c) In the second trimester d) Late in pregnancy

d) Late in pregnancy

You have assisted in the delivery of a full-term infant by suctioning the mouth and nose as the head was delivered and again following complete delivery. The infant is not yet breathing. Which of the following is the correct sequence of interventions? a) Perform a series of back blows and chest thrusts interposed with mouth-to-mouth ventilation b) Transport with further intervention c) Begin bag-valve-mask ventilations, suction the airway with a rigid tonsil tip, and begin CPR d) Rub the infant's back, tap the bottom of his foot, begin bag-valve-mask ventilations, check the pulse

d) Rub the infant's back, tap the bottom of his foot, begin bag-valve-mask ventilations, check the pulse

You have just delivered a full-term baby girl and she is doing well. You have dried her off and wrapped her in a warm blanket. You are preparing to cut the umbilical cord. Which of the following is normally true regarding cutting the umbilical cord? a) You must try to cut the cord before it stops pulsating b) The cord should be cut immediately following delivery c) You should hold the baby above the level of the mother when cutting the cord d) The infant must be breathing on his or her own before you cut the cord

d) The infant must be breathing on his or her own before you cut the cord

You have delivered a newborn and wrapped the baby in a dry blanket. During your reassessment of the mother, you note continued moderate vaginal bleeding. Care for this bleeding may involve all of the following except: a) elevating the mother's feet b) massaging the uterus to control bleeding c) applying firm pressure with a sanitary napkin over the vaginal opening d) having the mother squeeze her legs together to provide direct pressure

d) having the mother squeeze her legs together to provide direct pressure

The muscular organ in which a baby develops during pregnancy is called the: a) amniotic sac b) fetal membrane c) placenta d) uterus

d) uterus