Chapter 39

What is the cause of white spots on a processed film? a. Solutions are too warm b. Fixer contacts film prior to processing c. Static electricity d. Drops of developer

b. Fixer contacts film prior to processing

_____ hardens the film emulsion during film processing. a. Developing b. Fixing c. Washing d. Rinsing

b. Fixing

Which of the following time and temperature errors will result in reticulation of the film emulsion? a. Developer solution too hot b. Inadequate development time c. Inaccurate timer or thermometer d. Sudden temperature change between developer and water bath

D)sudden temperature change between developer and water bath

Solutions should have been changed in the processor one week ago. Continuing to use exhausted developer will result in _______ Films. a) light b) dark c)white d) clear

a) light

The ideal time and temperature for manual developing is: a. 5 minutes at 68° F. b. 5 minutes at 65° C. c. 5 minutes at 60° F. d. 45 seconds at 85° F.

a. 5 minutes at 68° F.

The gallon of fixer is mistaken for developer, and developer is mistakenly thought to be fixer. As a result, films pass through the fixer first, then the developer. Each film will now be: a. clear. b. gray. c. completely black. d. yellowish-brown.

a. clear.

A film cassette made of plastic or metal is used to hold and protect the extraoral film. During exposure, the _____ side of the cassette must always face the patient. a. front b. back c. left d. right

a. front

Extraoral film is: a. more sensitive to light than intraoral film. b. less sensitive to light than intraoral film. c. not sensitive to light. d. just as sensitive to light as intraoral film.

a. more sensitive to light than intraoral film.

When placing a dental film in the patient's mouth, the white side is placed ____ the tube and the raised dot to the ____. a. toward; occlusal or incisal b. away; apical c. away; occlusal or incisal d. toward; apical

a. toward; occlusal or incisal

The recommended distance between the safelight and where the films are unwrapped is: a. 4 feet. b. 6 feet. c. as close as possible. d. 2 feet.

a.4 feet

Which is not true of storage plates used with (PSP)? a. They are made of phosphor. b. They are disposable. c. They should not be exposed to light before scanning. d. The latent image will stay on the plate for hours.

b. They are disposable.

The _______ is the safest place to store unopened boxes of dental film. a. treatment room b. darkroom c. refrigerator d. furnace room

b. darkroom

A(n) _____ is a device that intensifies or increases the effect of the radiation and decreases the amount of exposure time needed when exposing an extraoral radiograph. a. nonscreen film b. intensifying screen c. screen film d. film cassette

b. intensifying screen

The purpose of the lead foil in the dental film packet is to: a. absorb the primary beam.. b. reduce film fogging. c. make the packet more flexible and resilient. d. provide stiffness to the film.

b. reduce film fogging.

Digital radiography requires less radiation than traditional radiography because the: a. sensor is smaller. b. sensor is more sensitive to x-ray energy. c. sensor is attached to the computer. d. exposure time is increased.

b. sensor is more sensitive to x-ray energy.

Solutions should have been changed in the processor one week ago. Continuing to use exhausted developer will result in ____ films. a. clear b. light c. dark d. white

b.light

Which category of digital imaging is similar to faxes and video equipment, which use a sensor with a cord that is attached to the computer? a. Computed radiograph programs b. Indirect digital radiography c. Direct digital radiography d. None of the above

c. Direct digital radiography

Which is not true of duplicating film's emulsion? a. It is only on one side. b. It appears dull. c. It appears shiny. d. It is exposed by light.

c. It appears shiny.

Which is not true of digitizing film-based radiographs? a. The process is similar to other film duplication. b. Desktop scanners capture the light signal. c. It duplicates the same detail as the original film. d. All of the above are true.

c. It duplicates the same detail as the original film.

Which of the following is an extraoral film that is placed outside the mouth during x-ray exposure? a. Bite-wing b. Occlusal c. Panoramic d. Periapical

c. Panoramic

The film is lighter than normal; what is the probable cause? a. The fixer solution is too weak. b. The developer solution is too warm. c. The developer solution is too weak. d. The film was not properly rinsed.

c. The developer solution is too weak.

Which is not true of image plates? a. They need to be protected in the patient's mouth with barriers. b. They require care not to scratch when handling. c. They should be autoclaved. d. They are positioned in the mouth like dental film.

c. They should be autoclaved.

A ______image is produced when x-rays interact with the film emulsion. a. visible b. distorted c. latent d. none of the above

c. latent

The CCD found in direct digital imaging sensors is made of: a. silver halide. b. tungsten. c. silicon. d. phosphor.

c. silicon.

Automatic film processing requires _____ than manual film processing. a. more time b. more equipment c. less equipment d. more space

c.less equipment

The most commonly used film size for adult intraoral dentistry is size: a. #0. a. #3 c. #4. d. #2.

d. #2.

Which of the following will affect the life of the processing solutions? a. Number of films processed b. Time elapsed since last change c. Size of films processed d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Dental film holders, used to position and hold the dental x-ray films in the patient's mouth, include which of the following? a. PID b. XCP and disposable block c. Eezee-Grip and EndoRay d. Both b and c

d. Both b and c

In the automatic processor, the developing solution is normally 81° F to 83° F. If it gets hotter, how will the films look? a. Clear b. Light c. Gray d. Dark or black

d. Dark or black

Which is the correct order of steps in manual film processing? a. Fix, rinse, develop, wash b. Rinse, develop, fix, wash c. Fix, wash, rinse, wash d. Develop, rinse, fix, wash

d. Develop, rinse, fix, wash

____ -speed film is the newest and fastest film currently available. a. A b. E c. D d. F

d. F

Positioning instruments in digital radiography: a. assist in film placement. b. keep the patient's fingers from being exposed. c. should not be used. d. both a and b.

d. both a and b.

Film speed is determined by the: a. thickness of silver bromide salt. b. thickness of cellulose acetate base. c. size of the silver bromide crystals. d. both a and c

d. both a and c

The radiographic image is located within the _____ of the radiographic film. a. adhesive layer that attaches the emulsion to the film base b. protective layer that protects the emulsion surface c. acetate film base d. gelatin that suspends the emulsion

d. gelatin that suspends the emulsion

When loading the film into the cassette before exposure (in extraoral radiography), the: a. film does not need an intensifying screen. b. film comes preloaded in the cassette. c. film may be placed in the holder outside the darkroom. d. procedure must be done in the darkroom.

d. procedure must be done in the darkroom.

Developer cutoff will result in a _____ border. a. straight black a. curved white c. curved black d. straight white

d. straight white