chapter 4 learning exercises
-ia
abnormal condition
myopathy
abnormal condition of skeletal muscles
dystonia
abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement
hyperkinesia
abnormally increased mucle funciton or activity
hyperkinesia
abnormally increased muscle function or activity
antispasmodic
admistered to suppress smooth muscle contractions of the stomach, intestine, or bladder
adduction
arm moves inward and toward the side of the body
supination
turnig the hand so the palm is upward
myoparesis
weakness or slight muscular paralysis
adhesion
band of fibers that holds structures together abnormally
gluteus maximus
buttock muscle
heel spur
calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the calcaneus bone
CTS
carpal tunnel syndrome
myasthenia gravis
chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles
tax/o
coordination
transverse
crosswise
gangloin
cyst is a harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist
myonoecrosis
death of individual muscles fibers
DTR
deep tendon reflexes
myolysis
degeneration of muscle tissue
neruomuscular blocker
drug that causes temporary paralysis by blocking the transmission of nerve stimuli to the muscles
dystrophy
group of gentic diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles
myocardial
heart muscle
-cele
hernia, swelling
singultus
hiccups
atrophy
leg muscles due to the disuse of these muscles over a long period of time
kines/o, kinesi/o
movement
flexion
movement during which the knees or elbows are bent to decrease the angle of the joints
my/o
muscle
polymyositis
muscle disease characterized by the stimultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles parts of the body
myalgia
muscle pain
skeletal
muscles are under voluntary control
deltoid
muscular cap of shoulder
tendon
narrow band of nonelastic, fibrous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone
myofascial
pertaining to muslce tissue and fascia
physiatrist
physician who specialzies in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function
chronic fatigue syndrome
profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and was made worse by physical or mental activity
myocele
protusion of a muscle substance through a tear in the fasica surrounding it
ROM
range of motion
polymyectomy
removal of multiple muscles
RSD
repetitive stress disorder
sphincter
ring-like muscle
sphincter
ringlike
-rrhexis
rupture
myrorrhexis
rupture or tearing of a muscle
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oblique
slanted at an angle
hemiparesis
slight paralysis. caused by a stroke
myofascial release
specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyaliga syndrome, movement restrictions, and tMJ disorders
SCI
spinal cord injury
spasmodic torticollis
stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side
rectus
straight
spasm
sudden, involuntary contraction of one or more muscles
mycolnus
sudden,m involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles
fasciodesis
surgical attachment of a fascia to another fascia or to a tendon
carpal tunnel syndrome
surgical enlargement of the carpal tunnel or cutting of the carpal ligament to relieve nerve pressure
myotomy
surgical incision into a muscle
fasciectomy
surgical removal of fascia
herniorrhaphy
surgical suturing of a defect in a muscular wall , such as the repair of a hernia
tenodesis
surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone
fasciorrhaphy
surgical suturing of torn fascia
ganglion cyst
swelling on the outter surface of the wrist
tend/o
tendon
sarcopenia
the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that comes with aging
ton/o
tone
lateralis
toward the side
electromyography
diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers
hypotonia
diminished tone of the skeletal muscles
bradykinesia
extreme slowness of movement
fasci/o
fascia
deltoid
formns the muscular cap of the shoulder
spincterotomy
incision into a sphincter muscle
impingement syndrome
inflamed and swollen tendons caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint
overuse tendinitis
inflammation of tendons caused by excessive or unusual use of a joint
myocarditis
inflammation of the muscle of the heart
epicondylitis
inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow
hamstring
injury can be a strain or tear on any of the three muscles that straighten the hip and bend the knee
strain
injury to the body of the muscle or the attachment of a tendon
polymyalgia
pain in several muscle groups
intermittent claudication
pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest
shin splint
painful condition caused by the muscle tearing away form the tibia
achilles tendinitis
painful inflammation of the achilles tendon caused by excessive stress being placed on that tendon
pronation
palm of the hang downward or backward
quadriplegia
paralysis of all four limbs
paraplegia
paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body
plantar flexion
bending the foot upward at the ankle
tendon
fibrous connective tissue
fibr/o
fibrous tissue