chapter 5- psych

According to the Gestalt psychologists, people perceive smooth, continuous patterns rather than discontinuous ones. This is called the principle of:

continuity

Betty is overweight and would like to lose weight. She has made an appointment to participate in a research study using subliminal messages for weight loss. What would be your advice?

"This is a waste of money. Research hasn't been able to show any enduring influence on behavior from stuff like this."

Adeline is worried because she knows that her work environment is very loud and that prolonged exposure to sounds above _____ decibels can produce hearing loss.

85

A mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another is called:

perceptual set.

Rebecca has had a cold for five days and her nose is so blocked that she cannot smell anything. When she goes to drink her coffee, she realizes it has no taste. What is the MOST likely reason for this phenomenon?

To savor a taste, she may need to breathe the aroma through her nose.

Visual information is processed by ganglion cells:

after it is processed by rods and cones and after it is processed by bipolar cells.

The _____ is the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye.

blind spot

Sensory analysis starts at the entry level, such as with the sensory receptors, and works up to the integration of sensory information in the brain. This process is called:

bottom-up processing.

Ricardo has been suffering from a lengthy battle with the flu. His ears are painfully plugged with fluid. One morning his right ear "pops" from all of the pressure and fluid comes out. He screams in pain because the eardrum has punctured. This will result in:

conduction hearing loss.

Kendra went to a fundraiser, and the organizers gave her a mug of coffee when she arrived. Later, she felt closer to the organizers and contributed generously to the cause. What might be occurring in this scenario?

embodied cognition

Almost half of all Americans surveyed believe _____ is possible.

extrasensory perception

Which method is NOT a way to manage pain?

extrasensory perception

In MOST cases, hearing loss is a result of damage to the:

hair cells.

Kamea has been experiencing a great deal of pain in her lower back. Each morning she wakes anticipating back pain. Her experience of pain is in part the result of:

her expectations about pain.

Professor Damion studies the impact of experience and expectations on people's perception. His research is based on:

perceptual sets

Josh is convinced that his grandfather will die soon. He believes he is capable of:

precognition

Brent believes in "mind over matter" and thinks that some people are able to move objects with their mind. This ability that he believes in is an example of:

psychokinesis

Sensory adaptation can be defined as:

reduced sensitivity in response to constant stimulation.

Drivers sometimes overestimate the distance between their own vehicles and pedestrians who are short because they rely on the distance cue known as:

relative size

A set of twins is playing "Ring Around the Rosie" with their little cousins and are spinning around and around. When they stop, they still feel as though they are spinning because the fluid in their _____ and _____ have not returned to their neutral state.

semicircular canals; kinesthetic receptors

If Tom moves his watchband up his wrist an inch, he will feel it for only a few moments. This BEST illustrates:

sensory adaptation.

Today, a man on television described his experience of _____, a condition in which the senses become joined. He explained that, when certain types of music are played, he often sees patterns of colors.

synesthesia

When people see the mouth movements for "ga" while hearing "ba," they may perceive "da." This BEST illustrates:

the McGurk effect.

Gary was born with cataracts in both eyes. At 6 months, the cataracts were surgically removed. What will happen to his vision?

His vision will be disturbed and he will not be able to discriminate forms.

_____ refers to the intensity of energy in a light or sound wave, which a person perceives as brightness or loudness, as determined by the wave's amplitude.

Intensity