Chapter 6

requirements for binomial model

1. fixed number of trials 2. only two outcomes, success and failure 3. probability of success, p, is the same at each trial 4. trials are independent

probability model

a description of how a statistician thinks data are produced

probability distribution

also called a probability distribution function (pdf); tells us all the possible outcomes of a random experiment, and the probability of each outcome

normal curve

also called normal distribution; symmetric and unimodal

continuous outcomes

also known as continuous variables; cannot be listed because they occur over a range

discrete outcomes

also known as discrete variables; numerical values that you can list of count

binomial probability

b(n,p,x); represents binomial probability of getting x successes in a binomial experiment and the probability of success p

standard normal model

mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1

cumulative probabilities

probabilities of x or fewer

mean of a probability distribution

represented by the Greek character μ (mu)

standard deviation of a probability distribution

represented by the Greek character σ (sigma)

expected value

the mean of any probability distribution, including the binomial, is sometimes called the ______

normal model

the most widely used probability model for continuous numerical variables

percentile

the value that corresponds to a probability

binomial probability model

used in situations with discrete-valued numerical variables