Chapter 6 Consumers and Chapter 7 The Environment
In 1972 Congress created one of the most important agencies for regulating product safety. this agency is the
Consumer Product Safety Commission.
Which of the following is an example of price gouging?
New York hotel that doubled or tripled their prices in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001, attacks.
Which environmental statement is true?
Tropical forests are earths richest, oldest and most complex ecosystems.
In deciding whether an ad is deceptive, today the FTC basically follows
a "modified" ignorant consumer standard.
According to the legal doctrine of strict product liability
a manufacturer need not be negligent to be held liable for a defective product.
Critics of advertising generally agree that
advertising rarely gives consumers much useful information.
Terms like" can be," as much as," "help, " are examples of
ambiguity
An ecosystem
can be upset by human behavior
The philosopher Tom Regan
claims that no impartial morally sensitive person could approve of the treatment of animal in factory farms if he or she knew what going on.
For years Bayer aspirin advertised that it contained "the ingredient doctors recommend most." this is an example of
concealed facts
Harvard business professor Theodore Levitt has
drawn an analogy between advertising and art.
Puffery" is an example of which of the following deceptive or misleading +advertising techniques?
exaggeration
People generally speak of two kinds of warranties. What are these two kinds of warranties?
express and implied
Business has considered the environment to be
free and nearly limitless
A decade after wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone Park their presence was discovered to
have changed the behavior of elk.
the moral theorist William T. Blackstone claims that the right to a livable environment
is a fundamental human right.
Animal manure
is a large source of pollution.
Some environmental regulations (like forbidding the burning of coal in cities) benefit each and every one of us because the air we all breather is cleaner. if an individual ignores the regulation and burns coal, while others obey the regulation, then he or she
is being a free rider
Cost-benefit analysis
is influenced by value judgments
Which of the following is true of a regulatory approach to environmental problems?
it requires the EPA or other body to determine the most effective, feasible pollution-control technology for each different industry.
William F. Baxter address environmental ethics by noting
judgments about environmental problems ought to be people-oriented.
Caveat emptor means
let the buyer beware
Legal paternalism is the doctrine that the law
may justifiably restrict the freedom of the individual for his or her own good.
Every year______ of Americans require medical treatment from product related accidents.
millions
One truth about factory farm is
most animals we eat are from them
Statistically there is strong evidence that exposure to television advertising is strongly associated with
obesity in children under twelve.
The case of Mac Pherson v. Buick Motor Car in 1916 changed product liability law. As a result of it, the court.
permitted consumers to sue manufacturers with whom they had no contractual relationships.
Which of the following is true concerning our environment today?
polluted air is a health risk
Pollution permits are an example of which of the following methods achieving our environmental goals?
pricing mechanisms
According to Galbraith's "dependence effect,"
producers use advertising to shape consumer wants.
the term "best, finest, and most" are examples of
puffery
Which of the following is a drawback to the regulatory approach?
regulation can take away an industry incentive to do more than the minimum
A moral vegetarian
rejects eating meat based on moral grounds.
According to Shaw and Barry, utilitarian
should include nonhuman animal pleasures and pain in the overall utilitarian calculus.
According to Holmes Rolston 3
some natural objects are morally considerable in their own right, apart from human interests.
Advertising
subsidizes the media
the tragedy of the comments is
that individual pursuit of self-interest can sometimes make everyone worse off.
Which statement is accurate in its description of consumer protection?
the Consumer Product Safety Commission has the power to order recalls.
In consideration for the obligation to others,
the US uses more than its proportional share of the world's resources.*
Which statement is true from an ethical perspective?
the argument for strict liability is basically utilitarian .
Before the case of MacPherson v. Buick Motor Car in 1916, the law based a manufacture's liability for injuries due to a defective product on
the direct contractual relationship between the producer and the consumer.
According to the anthropocentric (or human-oriented) ethic of Baxter other,
the grand canyon is valuable only because people care about it.
Due care is
the idea that consumers and sellers do not meet as equals and that consumer's interests are particularly vulnerable to being harmed by the manufacturer.
the consumer's main source of product information is
the label and package
According to the philosopher Joel Feinberg,
the rights of future generations are contingent upon those people coming into existence
Concerning future generations,
the social and environmental policies we adopt can affect who is born in the future
Which of the following is true of factory farms?
they permit the mass production of meat at low prices.
the goal of advertising is
to persuade people to purchase the product.
The case of FTC v. Standard Education was important in the legal transition
toward something like the ignorant consumer standard.
An assessment of cost and benefits inevitably involves
value judgments and factual uncertainties