Chapter 6 EDU 2100

Which of the following is an accurate statement about existentialist classrooms?

They afford students great latitude in their choice of subject matter and activity.

Why did social reconstructionists split from progressivists?

They grew impatient with the slow pace of change in schools and in society.

The birthplace of Western philosophy is _____.

ancient Greece

The use of a system of positive reinforcement to promote desired learning is based on _____.

behaviorism

Unlike existentialists, _____ believe that free will is an illusion and that human nature is shaped by the environment.

behaviorists

An essentialist would argue that essentialism is an approach to _____.

ensure a common culture among Americans

In the context of basic philosophical issues and concepts, _____ deals with the origin and the structure of reality.

metaphysics

In a(n) _____ classroom, students spend considerable time and energy mastering the three "Rs," reading, 'riting, and 'rithmetic.

perennialist

Helena believes that her main goal as a teacher is to transfer the knowledge and values that her students will need to do well in society. She strives to have her students learn to be academically proficient. She also tries to instill her students with values such as respect, diligence, and practicality. Helena is most likely to rely on:

teacher-centered philosophies.

Ethnocentrism is the _____.

tendency to view one's own culture as superior to others

In a progressivist classroom, you would find teachers _____.

walking around the room, asking questions and making suggestions

Which of the following books would likely be included in the "Great Books" favored by perennialists?

A theology book written by a classical author

____ promoted the doctrine of the Golden Mean, or the notion that virtue lies in a middle ground between two extremes.

Aristotle

Which of the following is a similarity between perennialism and essentialism?

Both aim to enhance students' moral qualities.

_____ asserts that knowledge cannot be handed from one person to another (from a teacher to a learner) but must be constructed by each learner through interpreting and reinterpreting a constant flow of information.

Constructivism

_____ holds that sensory experience (seeing, hearing, touching, and so on) is the source of knowledge.

Empiricism

____ are interested in how people use their minds to distinguish valid from illusory paths to true knowledge.

Epistemologists

_____ examines the nature and the origin of human knowledge.

Epistemology

_____ strives to teach students the accumulated knowledge of human civilization through core courses in the traditional academic disciplines.

Essentialism

____ asserts that the purpose of education is to help children find the meaning and direction in their lives, and it rejects the notion that adults should or could direct meaningful learning for children.

Existentialism

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the famous Brazilian educationist Paulo Freire who opposed social Darwinism?

He envisioned schools as a place where the poor can acquire the skills to regain control of their lives.

Which of the following statements is true about educational practices in the West?

In Western society, formal schools, formal certification and degrees are valued.

In 1896, John Dewey founded the Laboratory School, a famous experimental school, to test his educational ideas. Which of the following statements about this school is accurate?

It had only one classroom but several facilities for experiential learning.

Which of the following statements is true about ethics?

It is the study of what is "good" or "bad" in human behavior, thoughts, and feelings.

According to _____, the human soul has three parts: intellect, spirit, and appetite.

Plato

_____ organizes schools around the concerns, curiosity, and real-world experiences of students.

Progressivism

____ is the idea that society is an ingenious "sorting" system, one in which the more talented rise to the top, while those less deserving find themselves at the bottom of the social and economic pecking order.

Social Darwinism

Which of the following statements is true about empiricists?

They assert that people experience the external world by sensory perception and conceptualize ideas that help them interpret that world through reflection.

Which of the following statements is true about perennialists?

They believe that the goal of education should be to develop rational thought and to discipline minds to think rigorously.

A key aspect of teaching in a constructivist classroom is _____.

gauging a student's prior knowledge and understanding

As a teacher, Richard wants his students to think rationally and rigorously. He feels that he should prepare his brightest students for future leadership and responsibility, while providing vocational training to the rest of the students. Richard's approach to education is indicative of _____.

perennialism

If Barbara, a teacher, follows the principles of behaviorism, she believes that _____.

positive reinforcement can be used to promote desired learning

According to _____, the way to determine if an idea has merit is simple: Test it. If the idea works in the real world, then it has merit.

pragmatism