Chapter 02˸ Assignment˸ The Changing Environment of Organizations
Chinese executives who come to work in the united states may slowly begin to act more like the u.s. managers
*internationalization
Google estimates that the emissions of over 2,000 cars are prevented every day because of its free electric car charging stations, its employee shuttle, and its electric car-sharing program. This is an example of:
*social responsibility initiative
Increasing conscientiousness and knowledge counteract some of the negative effects of _____ that result from reductions in information processing speed and motivation to learn.
AGING
Stereotype
An amusement park manager will not hire employees with tattoos that are visible when the park uniform is worn because he believes that this makes them look dangerous and threatening.
Perceived threat of loss
An organization previously dominated by white males begins a diversity recruiting effort by asking employees to refer diverse people whom they know for jobs in the company. Because the current employees believe that these new hires would likely get promoted before them due to the diversity initiative, no referrals are made.
China and South Korea emphasize group and family goals over individuals' needs or desires.
COLLECTIVISM
Paula is able to effectively persuade and motivate employees and customers in many different cultures.
CULTURAL COMPETENCE
Prejudice
Carl does not believe that women should work outside of the home and refuses to hire them
Collectivism
Characterized by tight social frameworks in which people tend to base their identities on the group or organization to which they belong
The new product development team at Nestle is made up of people at three different hierarchical levels, and the team leader has the authority to veto any idea introduced by the team that she or he feels does not have potential.
DISPARITY
When creating a pharmaceutical research team you intentionally staff the team with members who vary in their rank in the organization. One member of the team is a senior research scientist, two are mid-level scientist, and three are post-doc employees. Your team is high in
DISPARITY DIVERSITY
Variety diversity
Differences in a certain type or category, including group members' expertise, knowledge, or functional background
Separation diversity
Differences in position or opinion among group members reflecting disagreement or opposition—dissimilarity in an attitude or value, for example, especially with regard to group goals or processes
disparity diversity
Differences in the concentration of valuable social assets or resources—dissimilarity in rank, pay, decision-making authority, or status, for example
Deep-level diversity
Individual differences that cannot be seen directly, including goals, values, personalities, decision-making styles, knowledge, skills, abilities, and attitudes
Research has found that firm performance increases when employees have:
MORE POSITIVE ATTITUDE TOWARD DIVERSITY
The shift toward a service based economy and the growing use of technology for competitive advantage are two areas of technology that affect businesses today. What is the third?
Mushrooming change in information technology
Surface-level diversity
Observable differences in people, including race, age, ethnicity, physical abilities, physical characteristics, and gender
The "like me" bias
Paul chose Billie for his team because she went to the same school as he had. He also felt that she reminded him of himself when he first joined the company.
The manufacturing team at Chanel responsible for making and packaging the perfume is comprised of people of a variety of ages, races, and nationalities.
SURFACE-LEVEL
The Red Cross provides help including meals, clothes, and lodging in the event of a disaster. The Red Cross is an example of a
Service organization
Under terms of the agreement between Harley-Davidson and its union to help keep a motorcycle factory open, the wage for the lowest-paid current production worker was set as $24.10 an hour. All new employees hired for that same job would earn $19.28 an hour. This created a:
TIERED WORKFORCE
Power distance
The extent to which people accept as normal an unequal distribution of power
Uncertainty avoidance
The extent to which people feel threatened by unknown situations and prefer to be in clear and unambiguous situations
Masculinity
The extent to which the dominant values in a society emphasize aggressiveness and the acquisition of money and other possessions as opposed to concern for people, relationships among people, and overall quality of life
The top management team at Pepsi is made up of several Vice Presidents with a variety of functional backgrounds and experience in different geographic areas.
VARIETY
After working with his team for a while, Patrick realizes that his team is more diverse than he initially thought. The members come from a variety of functional backgrounds and have a wide variety of work experiences.
Variety Diversity
Ethnocentrism
When Maja was assigned to work in Russia she expected her employees to be less professional and less fluent in English than she was. She was very surprised to learn that her Russian counterparts were just as competent as her.
Breakthroughs in _______ have resulted in leaner organizations, more flexible operations, increased collaboration among employees, more flexible work sites, and improved management processes and systems.
info technology