Chapter 6: Mastering Biology

Cilia and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with which of the following?

Motor proteins

The organelle that is a plant cell's compartment for the storage of inorganic ions such as potassium and chloride is the ____.

central vacuole

Animal cells have unique organelles called ____ that are composed of structures called ____.

centrosomes; centrioles

In terms of cellular function, what is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized, which allows for specialization

A protein the ultimately functions in the plasma membrane of a cell is most likely to have been synthesized ____.

in the rough endoplasmic reticulum

The endosymbiotic theory has been proposed to explain the origins of ____.

mitochondria and chloroplasts

The endoplasmic reticulum is part of the endomembrane system, which also includes the ____.

nuclear envelope, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vesicles

The region of a bacterial cell that contains the genetic material is called the ____.

nucleoid

____ are membrane-bound metabolic compartments that specialize in the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and its conversion to water.

peroxisomes

Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell?

ribosomes

Which of the following groups is primarily involved in synthesizing molecules needed by the cell?

ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to ____.

secrete a lot of protein

Evidence that supports the prokaryotic origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts are all of the following except ____

that mitochondria and chloroplasts have multiple copies of linear DNA molecules associated w their inner membranes (Origins include: A. The ancestral prokaryote had two outer membranes, which became the double membranes of the mitochondria and chloroplasts. C. That mitochondria and chloroplasts have multiple copies of circular DNA molecules associated w their membranes. D. That mitochondria and chloroplasts can grow and reproduce within a cell. E. That mitochondria and chloroplasts are somewhat independent within a cell.)

Cell motility, which includes changes both in cell location and in the movement of cell parts, requires interactions of the cytoskeleton ____.

with motor proteins